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51.
光纤的能量传输特性及应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
着重分析了影响光纤传输能量以及光纤传输中造成能量损耗的因素。这些因素主要包括光纤材料、构造、光纤的折射率分布、光纤的长度和芯径、光纤的数值孔径和热效应以及耦合等。同时 ,结合激光二极管点火的实例 ,分析探讨了其背景和应用价值。结论是 :为了尽可能减少能量损耗、提高光纤输出的激光功率和激光功率密度 ,应当选取合适的激光工作波长、较小的光纤长度、较小的芯径和较小的数值孔径 ,应采用渐变折射率分布光纤 ,应减少弯曲与耦合 相似文献
52.
D. Yafaev 《Proceedings Mathematical Sciences》2002,112(1):245-255
We find an explicit function approximating at high energies the kernel of the scattering matrix with arbitrary accuracy. Moreover,
the same function gives all diagonal singularities of the kernel of the scattering matrix in the angular variables.
This paper is dedicated to Jean-Michel Combes on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. 相似文献
53.
强流脉冲电子束在材料中的能量沉积剖面、能量沉积系数和束流传输系数受其入射角的影响很大,理论计算了0.5~2.0MeV的电子束以不同的入射角在Al材料中的能量沉积剖面和能量沉积系数,并且还计算了0.4~1.4MeV电子束以不同入射角穿透不同厚度C靶的束流传输系数。计算结果表明,随着入射角的增大,靶材表面层单位质量中沉积的能量增大,电子在靶材料中穿透深度减小,能量沉积系数减小,相应的束流传输系数也减小;能量为0.5~2.0MeV的电子束当入射角在60°~70°时在材料表面层单位质量中沉积的能量较大。 相似文献
54.
F. F. Maia Jr. J. A. K. Freire G. A. Farias V. N. Freire E. F. da Silva Jr. 《Applied Surface Science》2002,190(1-4):247-251
The excitonic properties of a ZnSe/ZnSxSe1−x strained quantum well (QW) are calculated taking into account interface effects. Numerical results obtained with ZnS0.18Se0.82/ZnSe QWs show that graded interfaces can be responsible for a strong broadening of excitonic spectra. 相似文献
55.
During the course of our investigation of the electron transfer properties of some redox species through highly hydrophobic
long chain alkanethiol molecules on gold in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents, we obtained some intriguing results such as
unusually low interfacial capacitance, very high values of impedance and film resistance, all of which pointed to the possible
existence of a nanometer size interfacial gap between the hydrophobic monolayer and aqueous electrolyte. We explain this phenomenon
by a model for the alkanethiol monolayer—aqueous electrolyte interface, in which the extremely hydrophobic alkanethiol film
repels water molecules adjacent to it and in the process creates a shield between the monolayer film and water. This effectively
increases the overall thickness of the dielectric layer that is manifested as an abnormally low value of interfacial capacitance.
This behaviour is very much akin to the ‘drying transition’ proposed by Lum, Chandler and Weeks in their theory of length
scale dependent hydrophobicity. For small hydrophobic units consisting of apolar solutes, the water molecules can reorganize
around them without sacrificing their hydrogen bonds. Since for an extended hydrophobic unit, the existence of hydrogen bonded
water structure close to it is geometrically unfavourable, there is a net depletion of water molecules in the vicinity leading
to the possible creation of a hydrophobic interfacial gap. 相似文献
56.
Basic principles of the generalized lattice model of multicomponent condensed systems are formulated. Short-range parts of interatomic interactions are taken into account by means of the geometric constraints method. Long-range parts of the interactions are taken into account in mean field approximation. The expression for Helmholtz free energy is obtained. A system of integral equations for the equilibrium distributions of components is derived. The asymptotic properties of its solutions are investigated. Moment expansion of interatomic interactions and localization of integral terms in free energy is obtained. A Ginzburg–Landau-like functional of free energy is derived. 相似文献
57.
In this paper the performances of inhomogeneous dielectric slabs as solar light collectors for both illumination and solar energy applications are analysed. 相似文献
58.
This paper presents an enhanced version of the elasto-plastic model for partially saturated soil first proposed by Bolzon,
Schrefler and Zienkiewicz in 1996, “BSZ” model, which uses the effective stress tensor and suction as independent stress variables.
It is recalled that the effective stress tensor proposed by Lewis and Schrefler in 1982 is thermodynamically consistent and,
compared with other choices of stress tensors, results particularly suitable for partially saturated soil mechanics. A hydraulic
constitutive relationship and a hydraulic hysteresis are introduced in the model, to take into account the irreversible deformation
during cyclic drying and wetting until structural collapse. For this reason the plastic rate of strain is split into the sum
of two components: one depending on the effective stress tensor and the other one on suction. This is the new feature of the
BSZ model. This enhanced model is then cast into a thermodynamical framework at macroscopic level and it is shown that it
is possible to derive the constitutive law from the Helmholtz free energy and a dissipation function, both for associative
and non- associative plasticity. Finally the model predictions have been compared with experimental data for Sion slime, with
particular emphasis on the deviatoric part, and model predictions of hysteretic behaviour have been investigated in case of
a wetting and drying cycle on compacted betonite–kaolin. 相似文献
59.
We obtain expressions for the energy spectrum widths of Rayleigh waves corresponding to their deformational coupling to Fermi and Boltzmann electrons in a two-dimensional layer near the surface of a semibounded solid. We evaluate the nonequilibrium energy of Rayleigh waves that depends on these widths and is caused by the same coupling to the corresponding hot electrons. We show that this energy is independent of the degeneracy degree of the electrons and is given by the mean energy of free Rayleigh waves heated up to temperature of the electrons. We find conditions under which the thermodynamics is determined by this nonequilibrium energy of Rayleigh waves in films of a certain thickness with Fermi electrons near the surface and by the equilibrium energy of bulk phonons in thicker samples. All the results are obtained using the Keldysh diagram technique applied to the case of semibounded media. 相似文献
60.
A 2D HgII coordination polymer containing ligands 1,2,4‐triazole (Htrz) and thiocyanate, [Hg(μ3‐trz)(SCN)]n ( 1 ) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The single‐crystal X‐ray data show the coordination number of Hg atoms is four and the ligand trz? acts as a three‐fold donor. The thermal stability of compound 1 was studied by thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analyses. The composition and formation of the complex in methanol solution were found to be in support of its solid state structure. 相似文献