Fluorescent Silicon-based Nanomaterials Imaging Technology in Diseases

Fluorescence imaging analysis of microscale dynamic process (e.g., metabolism, mitosis, endocytosis, exocytosis, etc.) is of particular significance to study the related pathogenesis and design the intracellular drug delivery systems. Owing to unique physical, chemical and/or biological properties, silicon(Si)-based nanomaterials have been employed to design and construct diffe-rent types of nanoprobes for the imaging analysis of diseases. Thus, we herein present an overview of recent advances in fluorescent silicon nanomaterials imaging technology for analyzing and diagno-sing diseases. Firstly, we mainly introduce the construction of Si nanomaterials-based bioprobes for long-term fluorescence imaging analysis of cancer-related biological information, such as tumour cells, biomarkers and nanocarriers. Afterwards, we focus on the Si nanomaterials-based imaging technology for monitoring the dynamic process of pathological changes of various ocular diseases (e.g., ocular angiogenesis, bacterial keratitis, etc.). Then, we outline the construction of Si-based nanoprobes and their applications in simultaneously imaging and treating the bacteria-induced diseases caused by broad-spectrum bacteria-related pathogens. Finally, we further discuss the major challenges and prospects for developing silicon-based fluorescence imaging technology.     

Development of Apple Tissue Based Biocathode and MWCNT−Pt−Au Nanomaterial Based Bioanode Biofuel Cell

A biofuel cell (BFC) was fabricated by combining multiwalled carbon nanotube -platinum-gold (MWCNT−Pt−Au) hybrid nanomaterial, glucose oxidase (GOx) and benzoquinone included carbon felt electrode (CFE) bioanode with apple tissue included CFE biocathode. The working parameters of bioanode were optimized both experimentally and chemometrically. For the biocathode, apple, banana and pear tissues were tried and best power output was obtained with apple tissue. By combining MWCNT−Pt−Au/GOx/CFE bioanode with apple tissue based biocathode, single cell, double cell with membrane and with salt-bridge BFCs were formed. The best power output with highest current density were obtained with single cell BFC.     

The Application and Research of Dispersing In Situ Nano-SiO2 in Polyether Demulsifier TA1031

In order to enlarge the application range of nanomaterial and improve the demulsification performance of macromolecule polyether demulsifier, the nano-SiO₂ was dispersed in situ in polyether demulsifier TA1031 to form a new high efficiency demulsifier. The new demulsifier was analyzed by FTIR, SEM, rotational viscometer, and interfacial tension meter. The result showed that dispersing nano-SiO₂ in crude oil demulsifier would greatly improve the demulsification performance of the original demulsifier. When the ratio of silicon dioxide and TA1031 is 1:10 (mass ratio), the demulsification performance of the new demulsifier was the best, and the dehydration rate of emulsion increased about by 20%. Also the time of demulification and dehydration would be greatly shortened, and the demusification mechanism was preliminary analyzed.     

石墨烯-聚吡咯纳米管杂化材料的制备及电容特性

使用化学连接的方法制备一种石墨烯-聚吡咯纳米管杂化材料。使用扫描电镜、透射电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、光电子能谱仪以及电化学工作站对产物的形貌、结构以及电容特性进行表征。结果表明,在杂化材料中石墨烯和聚吡咯纳米管分散均匀,在石墨烯与聚吡咯纳米管之间通过酰胺基团形成了共价键连接。此杂化材料在0.3 A.g-1电流密度下的比电容为1 368F.g-1,在1.5 A.g-1电流密度下的比电容为759 F.g-1,在1 000次循环伏安循环后的剩余比电容值为初始比电容值的85.5%,显示出良好的电容特性。     

Polyethylene glycol functionalized Fe3O4@MIL-101(Cr) for the efficient removal of heavy metals from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort

In recent years, the quality and safety issues of Chinese medicinal herbs have received great attention worldwide. Thereinto, heavy metal contamination has been one of the most serious concerns. Compared to the wide research in the analysis of heavy metals in medicinal herbs, the studies on the removal of heavy metals are relatively limited. In this study, polyethylene glycol functionalized Fe₃O₄@MIL-101(Cr) (Fe₃O₄@MIL-101(Cr)@PEG) was designed and synthesized to remove heavy metals from the decoction of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The in-house fabricated Fe₃O₄@MIL-101(Cr)@PEG was characterized by a porous structure and a large specific surface area. Then, the efficiency of the material for the removal of five heavy metals was tested under optimal adsorption conditions. Meanwhile, the content of Senkyunolide A, Senkyunolide I, and Ferulic acid, the solid content, and the HPLC fingerprints similarity were used as the quality monitoring indicators of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort decoction before and after the heavy metal removal. Results showed that the magnetic nanomaterial had excellent removal efficiency for As⁵⁺ (81.4 %), Cd²⁺ (88.19 %), and Pb²⁺ (83.79 %) and certain removal efficiency for Ni²⁺ (51.59 %) and Zn²⁺ (55.4 %) under the spiked concentration of 50 μg/mL. The content of Senkyunolide A, Senkyunolide I, and Ferulic acid were decreased by less than 8.00 % after the removal of heavy metals. Besides, the loss rate of solid content was only 0.18 %, and the fingerprints similarity was over 99.9 %. The results indicated that Fe₃O₄@MIL-101(Cr)@PEG could efficiently and selectively remove heavy metals from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort without affecting its effective components. Due to the advantages of low-cost, simple manipulation, and good efficiency, the material can be recommended for heavy metals removal from the aqueous solutions of medicinal herbs, providing a new and promising application for the removal of exogenous contaminants in medicinal herbs.     

硫化镉纳米粒子的合成及发光性能

采用多元醇方法制备了硫化镉纳米粒子, 利用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜等技术对样品的微观结构、粒径大小和形貌进行了分析. 结果表明, 所得硫化镉纳米粒子粒径均一, 形貌均为球形. 光致发光性质研究结果表明, 所得纳米粒子具有较好的蓝光发射性能.     

大长径比有序多孔阳极氧化铝模板的制备及用于镍纳米线阵列

报道一种恒电流二次氧化制备大长径比(>1000)阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板的方法,研究氧化时间和氧化电流密度分别对制备的AAO模板的表面形貌、孔径大小、厚度等的影响.结果表明,AAO模板的表面形貌及厚度n受m氧、厚化度电约流为密2度00及μ氧m、化长时径间比的为影10响0;-当13氧00化的电高流质密量度A为AO8模m板A·.c采m用-2电时化,氧学化沉1积8方h能法在制制备备出的孔A径A为O模15板0-的20孔0中成功制备了Ni纳米线阵列,分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线能量散射光谱(EDS)对其进行了表征;结果显示,制备的Ni纳米线排列整齐有序,每根Ni纳米线直径几乎相同,约150nm,长度约为180-200μm,长径比为1200-1300,与AAO模板的参数一致.研究了Ni纳米线阵列的长径比对其磁性能的影响,发现大长径比的Ni纳米线阵列具有明显的磁各向异性,而长径比约为200的Ni纳米线阵列未表现出明显的磁各向异性.本文结果表明,恒电流二次氧化方法能制备大长径比的AAO模板,并能用于制备大长径比的一维纳米材料阵列,可望在制备具有特殊光学、磁学等性能材料方面得到应用.     

Carbon as a hard template for nano material catalysts

As one of the naturally abundant elements,carbon can present in different molecular structures(allotropes) and thus lead to various physical/chemical properties of carbon-based materials which have found wide applications in a variety of fields including electrochemistry,optical,adsorption and catalysis,etc.On the other hand,its different allotropes also endow carbon-based materials with various morphostructures,which have been recently explored to prepare oxides and zeolites/zeotypes with tailored structures.In this review,we mainly summarize the recent advances in using carbon materials as hard templates to synthesize structural materials.Specifically,we focus on the development in the synthetic strategies,such as endotemplating,exotemplating approaches and using carbon materials as chemical reagents for the synthesis of metal carbides or nitrides,with an emphasis laid on the control of morphostructure.Meanwhile,the applications of the obtained materials will be highlighted,especially,in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where enhanced performances have been achieved with the materials derived from carbon-templated methods.     

EDTA辅助水热法合成硫化铋晶体

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Na2S2O3·5H2O为原料,用乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)辅助水热法合成了纳米或微米级的Bi2S3晶体(1),其结构、形貌和光谱性能经XRD,FE-SEM和UV-Vis表征。结果表明:溶液的pH对1的形貌有显著的影响,随着pH的增大,1由纳米棒组成的微米球逐渐转变为微米级片状结构;1出现蓝移。     

介孔碳纳米材料的制备与改性

介孔碳纳米材料因具有快速传输通道、优异的导电性、极高的比表面积和出色的化学稳定性在众多领域受到广泛关注.实现介孔碳纳米材料的可控制备和精准改性是当前的研究热点和重点.基于此,本文分析总结了这类材料的制备和改性方法,并讨论了存在的问题和未来研究方向.