Design of self-assembling surfactant-like peptides and their applications

A surfactant is briefly defined as a material that can greatly reduce the surface tension of water when used in very low concentrations. Surfactants are usually organic compounds that are amphiphilic, containing both hydrophobic groups and hydrophilic groups. Therefore, they are soluble in both organic solvents and water. Many surfactants can also assemble in the bulk solution into aggregates such as vesicles and micelles. Self-assembling peptides are a novel category of designer peptides that can undergo spontaneous organization into well-ordered nanostructures with the great potentials in nanotechnology, nanomedicine including 3-dimensional (3-D) cell culture, drug delivery, wound repair, and so on. In this review, we introduce a family of designer surfactant-like peptides: the self-assembling peptides which have been derived by mimicking the structure of traditional surfactants.     

二氧化钛纳米材料及其能源应用

简要介绍了二氧化钛纳米材料的合成、性质、改性及其在能源方面的应用.其中合成方法包括溶胶凝胶、水/溶剂热、氧化、沉积和超声/微波助合成法:性质包括结构和热力学以及电学和光学性质;改性包括掺杂和敏化;应用包括光催化、光伏打和光解水.     

大长径比有序多孔阳极氧化铝模板的制备及用于镍纳米线阵列

报道一种恒电流二次氧化制备大长径比(>1000)阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板的方法,研究氧化时间和氧化电流密度分别对制备的AAO模板的表面形貌、孔径大小、厚度等的影响.结果表明,AAO模板的表面形貌及厚度n受m氧、厚化度电约流为密2度00及μ氧m、化长时径间比的为影10响0;-当13氧00化的电高流质密量度A为AO8模m板A·.c采m用-2电时化,氧学化沉1积8方h能法在制制备备出的孔A径A为O模15板0-的20孔0中成功制备了Ni纳米线阵列,分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线能量散射光谱(EDS)对其进行了表征;结果显示,制备的Ni纳米线排列整齐有序,每根Ni纳米线直径几乎相同,约150nm,长度约为180-200μm,长径比为1200-1300,与AAO模板的参数一致.研究了Ni纳米线阵列的长径比对其磁性能的影响,发现大长径比的Ni纳米线阵列具有明显的磁各向异性,而长径比约为200的Ni纳米线阵列未表现出明显的磁各向异性.本文结果表明,恒电流二次氧化方法能制备大长径比的AAO模板,并能用于制备大长径比的一维纳米材料阵列,可望在制备具有特殊光学、磁学等性能材料方面得到应用.     

Carbon as a hard template for nano material catalysts

As one of the naturally abundant elements,carbon can present in different molecular structures(allotropes) and thus lead to various physical/chemical properties of carbon-based materials which have found wide applications in a variety of fields including electrochemistry,optical,adsorption and catalysis,etc.On the other hand,its different allotropes also endow carbon-based materials with various morphostructures,which have been recently explored to prepare oxides and zeolites/zeotypes with tailored structures.In this review,we mainly summarize the recent advances in using carbon materials as hard templates to synthesize structural materials.Specifically,we focus on the development in the synthetic strategies,such as endotemplating,exotemplating approaches and using carbon materials as chemical reagents for the synthesis of metal carbides or nitrides,with an emphasis laid on the control of morphostructure.Meanwhile,the applications of the obtained materials will be highlighted,especially,in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where enhanced performances have been achieved with the materials derived from carbon-templated methods.     

EDTA辅助水热法合成硫化铋晶体

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Na2S2O3·5H2O为原料,用乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)辅助水热法合成了纳米或微米级的Bi2S3晶体(1),其结构、形貌和光谱性能经XRD,FE-SEM和UV-Vis表征。结果表明:溶液的pH对1的形貌有显著的影响,随着pH的增大,1由纳米棒组成的微米球逐渐转变为微米级片状结构;1出现蓝移。     

Green solvent-based approaches for synthesis of nanomaterials

The use of green solvents (including supercritical fluids and ionic liquids) in the synthesis of nanomaterials is highlighted. The methods described can not only reduce or eliminate the use or generation of substances hazardous to health and the environment, but can also be used to efficiently prepare nanomaterials with high performances. The unique characteristics of green solvents are responsible for the green features and unusual advantages of these approaches.     

介孔碳纳米材料的制备与改性

介孔碳纳米材料因具有快速传输通道、优异的导电性、极高的比表面积和出色的化学稳定性在众多领域受到广泛关注.实现介孔碳纳米材料的可控制备和精准改性是当前的研究热点和重点.基于此,本文分析总结了这类材料的制备和改性方法,并讨论了存在的问题和未来研究方向.     

Nanostructured Lead Sulfide Containing Nanoholes Templated by Lyotropic Hexagonal Liquid Crystals

OrderednanostrUcturessuchasnanopaticlesuperlattices,nanowirearrays,andmesoporousmolecularsievesareexpectedtOexhibitextraordinaryproperties'-'.ThereforethepreparationofsuchSthecturesisattractinggreatattCntionl'3'4.Thetemplatedirectedsynthesisisparticularlyimportantbecauseitcanperformagoodguidancetothewholereactionprocedure".Lyotropichexagonalliquidcrystalshavebeenwidelyusedasthesynthesistemplatesformesoporousmaterials6sincetheMobilgroupreportedtheirworkin19927'8.Recently,thehexagonalliquidcry…     

高分子辅助水热制备单晶碲纳米管

Te single-crystal nanotubes were synthesized using Na₂TeO₃ and (NH₂)₂CS as starting materials and pol-yacrymide (PAM) as morphology-director under hydrothermal conditions. The obtained products were characteri-zed by XRD, FESEM, SEM and TEM techniques. The results show that Te nanotubes grow along c axial with the inner diameters of 100～500 nm, wall thickness of 80～160 nm and lengths of 5～10 μm. A possible mechanism for the growth of Te nanotubes was discussed.     

Magnetically separable template assisted iron nanoparticle for the enhancement of latent fingerprints

The article focuses on the cost-effective and high-quality non-destructive template-assisted magnetic mesoporous iron nanomaterial for latent Fingerprint examination (LFPs). The iron nanomaterial is synthesized using the CTAB template by the co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanomaterial is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N₂ sorption- Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), EDX elemental mapping, Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), UV–Visible spectroscopy, and XPS. The N2 sorption showed that the synthesized material is mesoporous with an H1 hysteresis loop. The TEM images showed the spherical shape and particle size to be around 55–65 nm. The VSM analysis successfully established its ferromagnetic nature. The synthesized nanomaterial showed excellent magnetic recovery after its utilization and retained fingerprints for 2–3 months with the same resolution. We collected the fingerprint on both non-porous and non-porous surfaces with better-developed ridges of fingerprints compared to conventional fingerprinting dyes (charcoal).