氧化锌纳米材料及其在能源与环境中的应用

能源与环境问题是人类当前面临的主要问题之一,借助ZnO纳米材料的光电性能,探索其在能源与环境中的应用,对实现能源与环境的可持续协调发展具有重要意义.ZnO纳米材料的光电性能与其自身结构密切相关,因此,文章首先对ZnO的结构与制备进行了简单介绍,并讨论了ZnO纳米材料中存在的各种缺陷和掺杂的影响,然后在此基础上重点讨论了...     

微纳米稀土硫氧化物的合成方法研究进展

稀土硫氧化物作为一类重要的发光基质,具有非常高的光吸收和传能效率,是一类重要的光功能材料,被广泛应用在彩色显示、背光源、生物医学等领域,是目前光功能材料领域研究的热点之一.国内外研究者已用先驱物硫化法、氧化物硫化法、水热与溶剂热法、固相反应法、燃烧法、微波法、静电纺丝法等,成功制备了纳米颗粒、纳米管、纳米线、纳米棒、纳...     

纳米晶核的尺寸与表面对生长与组装过程影响的研究进展

晶核作为晶体生长过程中新相形成的开始,理解它们的性质和行为特点对纳米材料的控制合成有重要指导意义,尤其对形貌和尺寸的调控。可控合成的超小尺寸纳米晶(<5 nm)为研究晶核的性质提供了一个理想模型。本文基于纳米晶核在纳米材料控制合成中的研究进展,论述了晶核的尺寸与表面结构对纳米材料生长与组装模式的影响,尤其是基于纳米晶核预组装途径的晶体生长模式。     

Cell-SELEX-based aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for enhanced targeting of cancer cells

Early detection and treatment of cancer depends on developing highly sensitive and specific methods for targeting cancer cells. To do this, aptamers, which are generated by a novel technique called cell-SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment), have been widely applied in cancer cell targeting based on such merits as high target affinity and specificity, small size, minimal immunogenicity, and ease of chemical modification. Furthermore, aptamers can gain more flexibility as cancer c...     

Theoretical study of the interactions of a graphene-on-Ni(111) composite with dopamine

The physics underlying the interactions between nanomaterials and biomolecules is largely unexplored. In this study, we modelled the interactions of a graphene-on-Ni(111) nanocomposite with dopamine, an important biomolecule with crucial physiological functions in the human brain and body, using density functional theory methods. Stable adsorption of the dopamine molecule was observed on the surface of the graphene-on-Ni(111) composite. The adsorption mechanism was revealed to involve both charge and π–π interactions between the dopamine and graphene when they are in close proximity. Simulated scanning tunnelling microscopy images of dopamine on the surface of the graphene-on-Ni(111) composite, as an application of this nanomaterial, could distinguish one side of the G2 conformation of dopamine from the other conformations as a result of their interactions. Therefore, the graphene-on-Ni(111) composite is expected to have potential as a nanomaterial for detecting single biomolecules. The findings of this study will provide a significant contribution to the fields of nanomaterials and biotechnology, including the development of highly accurate biodevices and biosensors.     

二维辉钼材料及器件研究进展

经过几十年的发展, 集成电路的特征尺寸将在10–15年内达到其物理极限, 替代材料的研究迫在眉睫. 石墨烯曾被寄予厚望, 但由于其缺乏带隙限制了在数字电路领域的应用. 近年来, 单层及多层辉钼材料由于具有优异的半导体性能, 有可能超过石墨烯成为硅的替代者而引起了微纳电子领域的广泛关注. 本文对近二年国际上辉钼半导体器件研制、辉钼半导体材料的性能 表征及制备方法研究等方面的进展进行了综述, 并对大面积单层材料的研制提出了值得关注的方向. 关键词： 2')" href="#">MoS₂ 辉钼材料 纳米材料 集成电路     

Lock‐In Thermography to Analyze Plasmonic Nanoparticle Dispersions

The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) strongly rely on their colloidal stability, and any given dispersion can display remarkably different features, depending on whether it contains single particles or clusters. Thus, developing efficient experimental methods that are able to provide accurate and reproducible measures of the NP properties is a considerable challenge for both research and industrial development. By analyzing different NPs, through size and concentration, it is demonstrated that lock‐in thermography, based on light absorption and heat generation, is able to detect and differentiate the distinct aggregation and re‐dispersion behavior of plasmonic NPs, e.g., gold and silver. Most importantly, the approach is nonintrusive and potentially highly cost‐effective compared to standard analytical techniques.     

Hybrid nanoflowers bearing tetraphenylporphyrin assembled on copper(II) or cobalt(II) inorganic material: A green efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitrobenzenes in water

Simple fabrication of organic–inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (TPP@CuhNfs and TPP@CohNfs) was achieved with tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) as organic counterpart and Cu²⁺ or Co²⁺ ions as inorganic materials via a green route, with lower cost and controlled pH. The effect of pH levels and TPP concentrations on the morphology of the TPP@CuhNfs and TPP@CohNfs materials was examined by scanning electron microscopy (energy-dispersive X-ray [EDX]). The formation and chemical structures of TPP@CuhNfs and TPP@CohNfs were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared. Elemental analyses of these hybrid nanoflowers were carried out by EDX. The fabricated TPP@CuhNfs and TPP@CohNfs nanomaterials under optimum conditions act as effective reusable catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitroanilines in aqueous media at ambient temperature. The time-dependent hydrogenation can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically and verified by ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance. These types of the catalytic reaction or system are recorded to be useful toward the hydrogenation of nitroanilines, regardless of the position and type of substrate. Moreover, TPP@CuhNfs and TPP@CohNfs catalysts demonstrated a type of metal ions-dependent catalytic efficiency toward hydrogenation of nitroanilines (organic pollutants), with TPP@CuhNfs found to be more effective than TPP@CohNfs. However, both catalysts containing Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions showed good performance and can be reused at least five times without a significant decline in yield. The presented approach based on hybrid nanoflowers provides as a low cost and ecofriendly method (green route) for different catalytic hydrogenations.     

Optical and electrochemical-mediated detection of ascorbic acid using manganese porphyrin and its gold hybrids

The developments concerning new hybrids based on porphyrin derivatives and colloids destined for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA) in the relevant range for medical investigations are presented. Mn(III) tetratolylporphyrin chloride (MnTTPCl), spherical gold colloid (n-Au), and their hybrid (MnTTPCl/n-Au) were chosen to be comparatively investigated by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy in the presence of AA. The hybrid material (MnTTPCl/n-Au) has the best capacity to detect concentrations of AA in the range of 2.6 × 10^?6–4.38 × 10^?5 M. Modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes were obtained by thin film deposition of MnTTPCl, n-Au alone, and in successive mixed thin films, comparing their response during the electrochemical oxidation of AA. The electrocatalytic effect of the MnTTPCl on the AA oxidation is justified both by the increase in the peak current density and by the shift toward more negative potentials (0.024 V). The GC/MnTTPCl electrode has the best electrocatalytic effect for the AA oxidation and is promising for sensor applications.     

硼酸功能化介孔纳米材料的制备及其对糖肽的富集研究

制备了一种硼酸功能化介孔纳米材料, 利用硼酸基团可以和糖肽中糖链上的顺式邻位或间位羟基发生反应形成环状二酯对糖肽进行富集, 考察并比较了不同的孵育时间、孵育缓冲液、清洗方式以及洗脱液对糖肽富集的影响, 优化了该材料富集糖肽的条件, 建立了一种硼酸功能化介孔纳米材料用于选择性富集糖肽并用基质辅助激光解吸附电离-四极离子阱-飞行时间质谱(MALDI-QIT-MS)进行糖肽分析的方法.