Determination of Trace Leaching Phthalate Esters in Water and Urine from Plastic Containers by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

A sensitive method has been developed for determination of trace leaching phthalate esters (PAEs) in water and urine from plastic containers by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The limits of detection (LODs) for PAEs in water and urine had values between 0.2–8 ng L^?1 and 4–70 ng L^?1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used for quantification of trace PAEs in water in microwavable polypropylene containers heated by microwave irradiation and in the urine of patients treated with a glucose injection using polyvinyl chloride tubing.     

Sloshing characteristics in half-full horizontal elliptical tanks with vertical baffles

The effects of surface-piercing or bottom-mounted vertical baffles on two-dimensional liquid sloshing characteristics in a half-full non-deformable horizontal cylindrical container of elliptical cross section is investigated. The problem solution is achieved by employing the linear potential theory in conjunction with the successive conformal transformation technique, leading to matrix eigenvalue problems on simple (rectangular and semi-infinite strip) regions. Plots of the resonant eigen-frequencies as a function of the baffle extension at selected container aspect ratios are presented and discussed for the three lowest antisymmetric and symmetric transverse oscillation modes. Also, the effects of vertical baffles on the hydrodynamic pressure mode shapes and sloshing flows are examined through appropriate 2D images. The surface-piercing vertical baffle is demonstrated to be an effective tool in reducing the antisymmetric sloshing frequencies, especially for lower aspect ratio tanks and higher modes. On the other hand, the bottom-mounted baffle is shown to have a great influence on the higher antisymmetric slosh modes only when its tip approaches the liquid free surface. Limiting cases are considered and good agreements with available analytic and numerical solutions as well as experimental data are obtained.     

一种解决集装箱港口拖车调度的混合策略

集装箱码头作为集装箱船舶与其它运输节点之间的枢纽,在不断增长的全球贸易中起着极其重要的作用.由于多种因素影响着集装箱码头的服务效率,从而使其成为了商界和学术界研究的热点.本文针对集装箱码头中的拖车调度问题,对于当某辆拖车完成一项作业任务后,如何去寻找下一个装卸任务的问题,提出了一个多因素的在线调度策略,该策略在针对我国大多数港口的现有布局和信息现状的基础上,综合考虑了拖车空驶和距离平衡多种因素,建立了综合评价函数,并应用评价搜索和离散事件仿真方法对评价函数进行了优化计算.在相关理论分析基础上,通过比较本文的调度策略和港口传统调度策略,我们认为本文的调度策略在缩短船舶停留时间和减少拖车空驶上具有十分明显的效果.     

宁波港集装箱码头装卸桥规模研究

运用排队理论对宁波港集装箱码头的通过能力进行了测算,比较了装卸桥数量、装卸效率、非生产性作业时间等因素变化后码头的表现,提出了宁波港集装箱码头装卸桥配置的方案．     

高功率Z-pinch装置5 MV主开关及开关区设计

 基于激光等离子体和过电压波击穿原理研制了应用于高功率“Z-pinch”装置的22级5 MV激光触发多级多通道开关,采用钳位环技术解决了狭小空间的匀场问题,过压自击穿间隙场分布不均匀度约为0.080,激光触发间隙场分布不均匀度约为0.056,由绝缘部件沿面电场强度决定的系统安全系数约为0.8。根据J.C.Martin公式和静电场分析计算结果,解决了高功率“Z-pinch”装置主开关及开关区的工程设计问题。