全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2642篇 |
免费 | 114篇 |
国内免费 | 170篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2369篇 |
晶体学 | 47篇 |
力学 | 20篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
数学 | 45篇 |
物理学 | 437篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 46篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 53篇 |
2013年 | 185篇 |
2012年 | 53篇 |
2011年 | 77篇 |
2010年 | 62篇 |
2009年 | 129篇 |
2008年 | 193篇 |
2007年 | 205篇 |
2006年 | 206篇 |
2005年 | 178篇 |
2004年 | 197篇 |
2003年 | 144篇 |
2002年 | 144篇 |
2001年 | 112篇 |
2000年 | 120篇 |
1999年 | 112篇 |
1998年 | 91篇 |
1997年 | 82篇 |
1996年 | 63篇 |
1995年 | 65篇 |
1994年 | 61篇 |
1993年 | 53篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2926条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
F. Román S. Montserrat J. M. Hutchinson 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,87(1):113-118
The procedure for
the fabrication of epoxy-based polymer layered silicate nanocomposites is
important in respect of the nanostructure that is developed. To further our
understanding of this, the influence of an organically modified clay (montmorillonite,
MMT) on the curing kinetics of an epoxy resin has been studied by differential
scanning calorimetry. Clay loadings of 10 and 20 mass% are used, and isothermal
as well as dynamic cures have been investigated. For both cure schedules the
effect of the MMT is to advance the reaction. Kinetic analysis yields values
for the activation energy, but shows that the reaction cannot be described
simply by the usual autocatalytic equation. The glass transition of the cured
nanocomposites is lower than that for the cured neat resin, a result that
is attributed to homopolymerisation taking place in addition to the epoxy–amine
reaction. 相似文献
32.
Marta Fernandez-Tarrio Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo A. Concheiro 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,87(1):171-178
Tetronic®comprises X-shaped copolymers formed by four poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) andpoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) block chains bonded to an ethylene diamine centralgroup. Micellization behaviour of three representative Tetronics (T304, T904and T1307) was characterized to gain an insight into the interactions betweenthe copolymer unimers and the state of water in their solutions. The enthalpyof demicellization, recorded at 37°C in an isoperibol microcalorimeter,indicated that the process was in all cases exothermic and the enthalpy rankedin the order T1307≥T904>>T304. Micellization is entropy-driven owing tohydrophobic interactions between the PPO chains.DSC analysisshowed that the crystallization and melting peaks of the free water remainingin T304 and T904 solutions were progressively shifted toward lower temperaturesas the surfactant proportion increased, owing to a colligative effect. Boundwater corresponded to 3 water molecules per EO repeating unit. In the caseof T1307, which has longer PEO chains, a splitting of the melting peak wasobserved, one peak appearing around 0°C due to free water and anotherat –15°C due to interfacial water. As T1307 proportion raised, theenthalpy of the former decreased, whilst the enthalpy of the latter increased.In 40% T1307 solutions, interfacial water overcame the proportion of freewater; there being 1 interfacial and 3 bound water molecules per EO repeatingunit. Gaussian deconvolution of FTIR spectra also enabled to characterizethe evolution of free water as a function of Tetronic proportion. The dependenceof micellization and water interaction behaviour on Tetronics structure shouldbe taken into account to use these copolymers as drug solubilizers and micellarcarriers. 相似文献
33.
Kaloustian J Pauli A-M Lechene de la Porte P Lafont H Portugal H 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2003,71(2):341-351
Cholesterol constitutes the major component of most gallstones. It was identified and determined, in gallstones, issued from
eleven patients, by thermal analysis: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), with the use of the melting temperature and
enthalpy, thermogravimetry (TG), with the mass loss of water. Anhydrous cholesterol (ChA) was characterized by two endothermic
peaks (polymorphic, melting) and cholesterol monohydrate (ChH) by two endothermic peaks (dehydration, melting), too. Cha needle
and Chh plate crystals were observed under polarizing light microscopy. The numerous stones obtained from nine patients were
cholesterol stones: the ChA was higher 45 and lower 96%. ChH was present in stones of three patients.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
34.
Chemometric techniques have been applied to FTIR and DSC data to correlate polymer composition. Since structural differences
in the polymers with only hydrocarbon structure, often cause subtle changes in spectra, the ability of chemometric techniques
is required to discern these differences. FTIR spectra and thermal fractionation using DSC were measured for 28 types of polyethylenes
(PE) varying in chain branching type, content and distribution. Unsupervised clustering methods such as principal component
analysis (PCA) and supervised discriminant analysis were used to classify the PEs according to their structural class. The
DSC data was the more successful in both classifying PEs according to their class.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
35.
Conventional and saturation transfer electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR and ST EPR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the motional dynamics and segmental flexibility of cardiac myosins.Cardiac myosins isolated from bovine and human heart muscle were spin-labelled with isothiocyanate- or maleimide-based probe molecules at the reactive sulfhydryl sites (Cys-697 and Cys-707) of the motor domain. The maleimide probe molecules attached to human cardiac myosin rotated with an effective rotational correlation time of 33 ns which was at least eight times shorter than the rotational correlation time of the same label on skeletal myosin (260 ns). In the presence of MgADP and MgADP plus orthovanadate, flexibility changes in the multisubunit structure of myosins were detected, but this did not lead to changes of the overall rotational property of the myosin heads. Significant difference in the internal flexibility was detected on myosin samples isolated from ischemic tissue, the rotational correlation time decreased to 25 ns.DSC measurements supported the view that addition of nucleotides produced additional loosening in the multisubunit structure of cardiac myosin. It is postulated that there is an intersite communication between the nucleotide binding domain and the 20 kDa subunit where the reactive thiol sites are located.This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation (OTKA T 017099) and Ministry of Social Welfare (ETT 737/1993). The Bruker ESP 300 E spectrometer and the SETARAM Micro DSC-II used in the experiments were purchased with funds provided by the National Research Foundation Grants CO-123 and CO-272. The computer (PC-386) was supported by POPEX Ltd., Pécs, Hungary. The authors thank to Prof. Dr. K. Hideg (Central Research Laboratory) for providing the iodoacetamide spin label. 相似文献
36.
A. Hazra K. Alexander D. Dollimore A. Riga 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,75(1):317-330
The present study was aimed at determining the kinetics of evaporation and establishing vapor pressure curves for both single and multi-component systems by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Essential oils (e.g. lavender oil, orange oil, clove oil and eucalyptus oil, etc.) are typically multi-component systems consisting of various volatile pure components (e.g. linalyl acetate, limonene, cinnamaldehyde, etc.) which resemble single component systems. In this study linalyl acetate was taken as the calibration compound for TG. The vapor pressure curves for the pure substances were plotted using TG and vapor pressure plots for clove oil and eucalyptus oil were constructed using DSC. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the pure compounds were compared to that of the multi-component systems to quantitatively and qualitatively measure the influence of different compounds on each other. The k-value from the vapor pressure data for linalyl acetate was calculated as 112006 Pa kg0.5mol0.5s-1 m-2 K-0.5. The vapor pressure values were used to determine the Antoine constants using the SPSS 10.0 software.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
37.
The effects of temperature and duration of melting on the rate of isothermal crystallization of isotactic polypropylene were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Crystallization rates were found to decrease with increasing melt temperature and melting time. The results were discussed in the framework of the theoretical model of transient isothermal crystallization developed by the present authors [1]. The results suggest gradual destruction of predetermined nuclei with activation energyE
a=89±7 kJ/mole as a main mechanism of the observed effects.This work and Part I of this research [1] have been supported in part by Research Grant Number PB 1291/52/93/04 from State Committee for Scientific Research (KBN), Poland, and by 40% MURST founds, Italy. 相似文献
38.
A
DSC investigation has been performed on a Mg–RE–Y–Zr (RE=rare earth) technical alloy WE43. Hardness trend
during isothermal treatments has been correlated to the calorimetric traces
evolution and to the forming β phases with its precursors. Oversaturation
of solute elements occurs at temperatures higher than 150±C, on cooling
at room temperature after the anneals. Activation energies, found under non-isothermal
conditions on artificially aged samples, suggest a slow transformation velocity,
while the hardness response is relatively fast. 相似文献
39.
The thermal decomposition of four commercial powders and of differently stored single crystals of sodium hydrogen carbonate is studied by power compensation DSC and by optical and FT-IR microscopy. Independently of manufacturer, specified purity and price, the thermal curves of all the commercial powders show a more or less pronounced low temperature peak preceding the one due to the main decomposition. Such small peak is not observed when samples of laboratory recrystallized material are used. However the thermal behaviour of the latter preparation differs remarkably depending on storage conditions: the material kept in closed glass containers decomposes at temperatures higher than those of the material stored in a dessiccator in the presence of concentrated H2SO4. The observation by optical microscopy of the behaviour of the surfaces of single crystals coming from different storage conditions when the temperature is raised in a Kofler heater helps the interpretation of the data collected. The mechanism of the decomposition is discussed and the relevant kinetic parameters reported. 相似文献
40.
Vinyl siding is typically
produced by co-extruding a capstock (surface layer) over a PVC substrate formulation.
The capstock is often non-PVC, these systems can result in warpage during
or after production. In our study we will show that this warpage can result
from an interfacial induced stress related to the mismatch between the glass
transition of the substrate and the capstock. Additionally, both TMA and TMDSC
were used to probe the stress release. Capstock formulations which better
match the glass transition of the PVC substrate result in superior performance. 相似文献