全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3640篇 |
免费 | 914篇 |
国内免费 | 590篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2913篇 |
晶体学 | 107篇 |
力学 | 179篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
数学 | 58篇 |
物理学 | 1854篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 89篇 |
2021年 | 117篇 |
2020年 | 116篇 |
2019年 | 91篇 |
2018年 | 92篇 |
2017年 | 145篇 |
2016年 | 170篇 |
2015年 | 141篇 |
2014年 | 223篇 |
2013年 | 585篇 |
2012年 | 290篇 |
2011年 | 298篇 |
2010年 | 234篇 |
2009年 | 211篇 |
2008年 | 242篇 |
2007年 | 279篇 |
2006年 | 260篇 |
2005年 | 254篇 |
2004年 | 236篇 |
2003年 | 189篇 |
2002年 | 205篇 |
2001年 | 96篇 |
2000年 | 93篇 |
1999年 | 71篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有5144条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
On the Hydrates M(HSeO3)2 · 4H2O (M = Mg, Co, Ni, Zn) – Crystal Structures, IR, Raman, and Thermoanalytical Investigations From aqueous solutions of M(HSeO3)2 single crystals of Mg(HSeO3)2 · 4H2O and of the hitherto unknown compounds Co(HSeO3)2 · 4H2O, Ni(HSeO3)2 · 4H2O and Zn(HSeO3)2 · 4H2O could be obtained. The crystal structures, X-ray powder, IR, Raman and thermoanalytical (DTA, TG, Raman heating) data are presented and discussed. The crystal data of the isotypic compounds are: monoclinic, space group C2/c, Z = 4, Mg: a = 1 464.6(2), b = 755.3(1), c = 1 099.9(1) pm, β = 126.59(1)°, V = 0.9769(1) nm3, Co: a = 1 462.5(2), b = 756.5(2), c = 1 102.2(2) pm, β = 126.53(1)°, V = 0.9798(2) nm3, Ni: a = 1 452.2(2), b = 751.0(1), c = 1 091.5(1) pm, β = 126.28(1)°, V = 0.9595(1) nm3, Zn: a = 1 468.3(2), b = 755.8(1), c = 1 103.1(1) pm, β = 126.79(1)°, V = 0.9804(2) nm3. The crystal structures consist of hexagonal packed [M(HSeO3)2 · 2H2O]n chains of [MO4(H2O)2] octahedra linked by Se atoms. They contain trigonal pyramidal SeO2OH?ions with “free” hydroxyl groups and also “free” molecules of water of crystallization. The hydroxyl groups build strong H-bonds (O? H …? O distances: 265–268 pm). The IR spectra show AB doublett bands in the OH stretching mode region of the hydroxyl groups. The water molecules of crystallization are linked to planar (H2O)4 tetramers by H-bonds with unusually short O? H …? O bond distances of 271–273 pm. DTA and TG measurements indicate that thermal decomposition results in the direct formation of the respective diselenite MSe2O5. Raman heating measurements show under quasi static conditions the intermediate formation of the anhydrous hydrogen selenites. 相似文献
82.
Xue Yuan HU Xue Sen FAN Xin Ying ZHANG Gui Rong QU Yan Zhen LI School of Chemical Environmental Sciences Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control Henan Normal University Xinxiang Chongqing University of Medical Sciences Chongqing 《中国化学快报》2005,(7)
Construction of tetrahydropyran rings has attracted a great deal of interests in organic synthesis in recent years1, since tetrahydropyran moiety constitutes a structural unit in a number of natural products2. In addition, tetrahydropyran derivatives possess wide range of biological activities and pharmacological properties, such as anticancer activity3 and antihypersensitivity4. Many methods for the preparation of such compounds have already been developed5. Among them, condensation of α, β… 相似文献
83.
以LiOH·H2O,Al2O3和Co3O4为原料,微波加热合成Li离子电池正极材料LiAlxCo(1-x)O2.通过XRD测试表征了不同Al加入量时合成产物的晶体结构,确定当x≤0.4时,产物为单一相层状结构.计算了不同x时LiAlxCo(1-x)O2的晶胞参数,随着x的增大,a值减小,c值增大.对合成LiAlxCo(1-x)O2样品进行DSC—TGA测试,结果表明,当x不同时,合成样品的热稳定性不同.SEM测试表明,合成晶体粒度较均匀,粒径在5μm左右.电化学测试表明,LiAl0.2Co0.8O2的电化学性能最好,首次循环放电容量为127mAh/g,多次循环容量损失率小于LiCoO2. 相似文献
84.
Pyrolysis and TG Analysis of Shivee Ovoo Coal from Mongolia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
B. Avid B. Purevsuren M. Born J. Dugarjav Ya. Davaajav A. Tuvshinjargal 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2002,68(3):877-885
The coal sample of the Shivee Ovoo deposits has been non-isothermally pyrolysed in a thermogravimetric analyser to determine
the influence of temperature, heating rate and purge gas employed on the thermal degradation of the sample. The heating rates
investigated in the TG were 10–50 K min–1 to final temperature of 1000°C. N2or CO2 were employed as well as type of purge gas on the process of thermal degradation of the coal sample. The coal was also investigated
in a fixed bed reactor to determine the influence of temperature and heating rate of the pyrolysis on the yield of products
and composition of the gases evolved. The main gases produced were H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6 and C3H8 and also minor concentrations of other gases.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
85.
86.
87.
Mono(6-deoxy-dimethylpyridinium)-β-cyclodextrins have been synthesized in reaction of mono (p-toluenesulfonyl) derivative
of β cyclodextrin with the appropriate lutidine under microwave irradiation and conventional conditions. The results indicate
that the mechanism consists of inclusion complex formation. 相似文献
88.
This research was aimed
to investigate the role of clay on the combustion and kinetic behavior of
crude oils in limestone matrix. For this purpose, simultaneous TG (thermogravimetry)
and DTA (differential thermal analysis) experiments were performed at three
different heating rates as 10–15 and 20°C min–1,
respectively. A uniform trend of decreasing activation energies was observed
with the addition of clay. It was concluded that clays surface area affects
the values of Arrhenius constant, while it is the catalytic properties of
clay, which lower the activation energies of all the reactions, involved in
the combustion process. 相似文献
89.
Emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) under pulsed microwave irradiation (PMI) with higher peak pulse power was studied. The effects of various parameters of PMI on the polymerization were analyzed and compared with that under conventional heating (CH) process. The results were summarized, as compared with that under CH, as follows. The amount of initiator used to reach constant conversion reduced by 50% at the same polymerization time; at the same initiator concentration 0.15 and 0.2 wt.%, the polymerization rate increased by 131% and 163%, respectively. The molecular weight of polymer obtained was 1.1-2.0 times larger than that under CH; at the same irradiation energy, the conversion achieved using a lower pulse power was greater than that using a higher pulse power. There seemed to be a factor of the irradiation energy efficiency; in other words, for the monomer conversion, the irradiation energy of low pulse power had a higher efficiency. The conversion achieved using a 3.5 μs pulse width was almost the same as that using a 1.5 μs pulse width. The results indicated that PMI had a significant non-thermal effect on the emulsion polymerization of MMA so as to effectively enhance the polymerization rate. The glass transition temperature (Tg), the polydispersity index (PDI) and the regularity of the polymer obtained using two processes were similar, indicating that the physical properties and microstructure of the polymer were not modified by the use of microwaves. 相似文献
90.
Renata Ga<parová Daniel Zbojek Margita Lácová Katarína Král'ová Anton Gatial Branislav Horváth Alžbeta Krutošíková 《Central European Journal of Chemistry》2005,3(4):622-646
The reactions of substituted furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides 1 with 5-arylfuran-2-carboxaldehydes 2, 4,5-disubstituted furan-2-carboxaldehydes 3 and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde 4 has been studied. The advantage of microwave irradiation on some of these reactions was reflected in the reduced reaction
time and increased yields. Reactions of 1 with 4-substituted 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-ones 11 led to diacylhydrazines 13 or to imidazole derivatives 14 depending on the temperature. 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione 17 was synthesized by two-step reaction of 1 with phenylisothiocyanate and subsequent base-catalyzed cyclization of thiosemicarbazide 16. The effects of hydrazones 5–10 on inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in spinach chloroplasts and chlorophyll content in the antialgal suspensions
of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated. 相似文献