Which stresses affect the glide of screw dislocations in bcc metals?

By direct application of stress in molecular statics calculations we identify the stress components that affect the glide of 1/2?111? screw dislocations in bcc tungsten. These results prove that the hydrostatic stress and the normal stress parallel to the dislocation line do not play any role in the dislocation glide. Therefore, the Peierls stress of the dislocation cannot depend directly on the remaining two normal stresses that are perpendicular to the dislocation but, instead, on their combination that causes an equibiaxial tension-compression (and thus shear) in the plane perpendicular to the dislocation line. The Peierls stress of 1/2?111? screw dislocations then depends only on the orientation of the plane in which the shear stress parallel to the Burgers vector is applied and on the magnitude and orientation of the shear stress perpendicular to the slip direction.     

Using a pseudo-functionally graded interlayer in order to improve the static and dynamic behavior of wind turbine blade T-bolt root joints

The large wind turbines blades with multi-ton composite structures are mostly connected to the peach-bearings flanges using T-bolt joints which induce shear and bearing stress fields around the cross bolts. The significant differences between the modulus of elasticity of metallic bolts and composite surrounding materials cause stress concentration around interfaced zones and, also, limit the load capacity of the joints. In the present research, a pseudo functionally graded material (PFGM) as an interlayer is used around the cross bolts to examine the reduction of the stress concentration. Some radial variation of the mechanical properties would be considered for this interlayer. The finite element method is used to analyze the structures. Loadings are applied to the center of the cross bolts analogous to the real cases. Both the static and dynamic loadings are studied. For the finite element of the functionally graded material interlayer, a multilayer alternative material with constant properties in each layer is used. The results show that using an isotropic single layer with an average modulus of elasticity and specific thickness decreases the stress concentration of the composite part up to 47%. The various property models for the interlayer also show that an appropriated model can decrease the stress concentration up to 55%. Dynamic transient analyses would be implemented over the joint structure and improved considering to the practical cases. Using the PFGM interlayer decreases the constant and variable parts of the stresses up to 55% and also causes significant increasing of the joint fatigue life.     

Fundamental relationships between deformation-induced surface roughness,critical strain localisation and failure in AA5754-O

This research employs two approaches to characterise the apparent structure observed in localised strain maps constructed from surface topography data acquired from AA5754-O sheet stock that was deformed in three in-plane stretching modes. The first uses a conventional two-point autocorrelation function (ACF), while the second uses the combination of the eigenvalue spectrum associated with each map and information theory. The results from the ACF analysis are inconclusive, implying that this technique lacks the sensitivity necessary to quantify the relationships between multi-point clustering and strain localisation. The information theory-based approach reveals that the relative spectral entropy increases monotonically, attains a maximum and then decreases sharply to the failure strain. This behaviour occurs in all three strain modes and results from two competing processes: one where the formation of structure is favourable and one where it is not. The crossover point is a clear indicator of the onset of critical strain localisation and, therefore, can be regarded as a precursor to failure because once the dominant process shifts, additional strain results in the precipitate formation of a critical strain localisation event.     

二维非正交坐标斜方格金属光子带隙结构

金属光子带隙结构在高能加速器、微波真空电子器件和太赫兹波源等方面具有重要的应用前景.基于实空间传输矩阵理论，详细研究了非正交坐标系下二维斜方格金属光子带隙结构，给出了计算横电模、横磁模完全带隙结构的一般公式，并分析了填充系数、任意斜角及金属柱横截面对带隙结构的影响.计算结果在退化为正方格情况下时，与其他方法的计算结果取得很好的一致. 关键词： 光子晶体 金属光子带隙 传输矩阵法 微波真空电子器件     

Pt(110)表面自吸附原子能量和力的改进分析型嵌入原子法分析

采用改进分析型嵌入原子法计算了Pt(110)表面自吸附原子的能量和法向力.当Pt吸附原子位于Pt(110)表面第一层原子的二重对称洞位上0.11nm时最稳定.Pt吸附原子的最佳迁移路径是由一个二重对称洞位沿密排方向迁移到最近邻的另一个二重对称洞位.在吸附原子远离表面的过程中，将依次经过排斥、过渡和吸引等三个区域.在排斥区和过渡区，由于吸附原子与表面原子间强的相互作用势，吸附原子的能量和法向力的形貌图均为(110)面原子排列的复形，与对势理论和嵌入原子法得到的结果一致.在吸引区，由于多体相互作用及晶体中原子 关键词： 金属表面 自吸附 能量 力     

金属薄膜制备及物性测量系列实验

介绍了由模拟真空实验和“金属薄膜的制备”、“金属薄膜厚度的测量”、“金属薄膜电阻率的测量”,以及“金属薄膜生长过程的动态监测”等4个实验组成的金属薄膜制备与物性测量系列实验.这组实验与现代科学技术发展联系紧密,仪器设备可靠,操作简单,适合于普通物理实验阶段的研究性教学.     

介观金属双环系统中的持续电流和量子能谱

基于电荷的不连续性,对处于外磁场中的介观双环系统进行量子化.假设系统在电荷表象中具有变换的对称性,通过求解电流和Hamilton算符的本征值方程,给出介观金属环互感系统中的量子电流和能谱关系;分析和研究了介观金属环中量子电流和能谱的性质.结果表明,持续电流和量子能谱不仅与外磁场、介观双环参数有关,而且还明显地依赖于电荷的量子化性质.     

过渡金属氧化物催化剂上NH3 分解Claus反应机理研究

运用浸渍法制备了七种过渡金属氧化物催化剂 .对于NH3 分解反应均可获得很高的NH3 转化率 ;对于NH3 分解Claus反应则可以获得较高的SO2 转化率和单质硫选择性 .通过比较发现Co3 O4 TiO2 和Fe2 O3 TiO2 催化剂的低温活性比较高 .经过XRD表征发现 ,在NH3 分解Claus反应中 ,催化剂的活性相可能是过渡金属硫化物 .结合活性评价和XRD表征结果提出了NH3 分解Claus反应的机理 .     

扁平绕带式低温高压容器绝热性能分析和计算

扁平绕带式低温高压容器是一种新型低温液体贮存设备 ,由内外两层容器组成 ,内筒体的外壁焊有液氮预冷夹套。平均蒸发率是衡量扁平绕带式低温高压容器绝热性能的重要指标。文中在分析其传热过程和壁厚温差影响因素的基础上 ,提出了一种计算其蒸发率的工程方法 ,并结合1 0 m3液氢储罐设计实例进行了计算。结果表明扁平绕带式低温高压容器具有良好的绝热性能 ,适用于重要介质的低温贮运     

94K低温下和室温下GaN基MSM紫外光探测器性能的比较

在采用MOCVD技术生长的GaN膜上制备出MSM紫外光探测器，分别在室温下和94K低温下，测量了探测器对不同光波长的响应、同一光波长下对不同偏压的响应、不同斩波频率下的响应。结果表明，在94K下响应有了很大的改善。当光波长从360nm增加到450nm时，响应下降了3个数量级，而常温下只下降两个数量级，但探测器的时间响应常数变长了。