Radioaktive und stabile Isotope bei der Lösung pflanzenphysiologischer Probleme

Es werden neuere Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zur Biosynthese einiger Alkaloide und zum Stoffwechsel von Herbiziden mitgeteilt und diskutiert, die unter Verwendung von ¹⁴C, ³H und ¹⁵N durchgeführt wurden.     

Computerprogramm zur interaktiven Auswertung von 15N-tracerkinetischen Stoffwechselexperimenten

The theoretical concept of the computer program is based on the compartment theory for the 3-pool model using single pulse administration of the tracer. The code estimates the model parameters by means of the non-linear method of least squares fit under steady state conditions. Furthermore the parameters of the protein metabolism are calculated. The program works interactively and allows reading and modifying the experimental ¹⁵N tracer data via terminal and controlling the program.     

D38R突变对细菌视紫红质光循环后半程M态和N态的影响

用重叠PCR的方法，定点突变细菌视紫红质（bacteriorhodopsin，BR），克隆到单突变体BRD96N和双突变体BRD38R/D96N的基因，同源转化盐沼盐杆菌（Halobacterium salinarium）L33（BR），表达突变蛋白BRD96N和BRD38R／D96N通过显微视频方法对突变BR的M态光致变色特性进行记录，BRD38R／D96N的M态寿命为5s，约为BRD96N（M态寿命为3s）的1．7倍．对突变体的激光共聚焦拉曼光谱测定发现，在BRD96N中，1170cm^-1下移到1171cm^-1，1258cm^-1上移到1255cm^-1，而BRD38R/D96N中1170cm^-1下移到1173cm^-1；1258cm^-1。上移到1252cm^-1，而且BRD38R/D96N与BRD96N相比，1186cm^-1处的峰明显增强．近紫外区圆二色谱显示，两种突变体近紫外区的正负带虽然没有太大差别，但288nm和290nm处的极峰却差别显著．所有这些研究结果表明，细菌视紫红质Asp38（D38）突变为Arg（R）可以延长其光循环后半程M态和N态的寿命．     

增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理对小麦幼苗光合作用及黄酮代谢的影响

依据增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理不同天数，分别测定各处理小麦幼苗第一片真叶的净光合速率、气孔导度、叶肉细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度、叶绿素含量、黄酮含量和苯丙氨酸裂解酶活性.发现NaCl胁迫和增强UV-B辐射均明显降低小麦幼苗的净光合速率、气孔导度和叶肉细胞间隙CO2浓度;和NaCl胁迫相较， NaCl+UV-B辐射对小麦幼苗上述指标无进一步降低效应.增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理均促进苯丙氨酸裂解酶活性和黄酮含量提高.说明了增强UV-B辐射降低小麦幼苗净光合速率的主要原因是气孔限制，而NaCl胁迫减轻了增强UV-B辐射对小麦幼苗光合作用的降低效应.     

Spinal effects of acupuncture stimulation assessed by proton density-weighted functional magnetic resonance imaging at 0.2 T

Signal changes can be detected by proton density-weighted functional imaging in both the brain and the spinal cord. These are attributed to changes in extravascular water proton (signal enhancement by extravascular protons) density during neuronal activation. In this study, we used this technique to detect correlations between acupoint stimulation and neural activity in the spinal cord. Stimulation of acupoints associated with treatment of sensorimotor deficits (LI4 and LI11) was performed on 11 volunteers. During stimulation, 8 of the 11 subjects had consistent functional activations in C6/C7. A bilateral activation pattern was common. Our findings show that acupoint stimulation modulates activity in the spinal cord.     

Langendorff灌流心脏的31P NMR谱测定

测定了Langendorff灌流大鼠和兔心脏的³¹P NMR谱.观测到PCr、ATP、SP、P_i以及PME和GPC等含磷代谢物的共振峰,各谱峰之间实现了很好的分辨.在3~5min的累加时间内测得的图谱具有较好的S/N,可用于以上含磷代谢物的定量测定,以高能含磷化合物ATP和PCr相对峰强度以及冠脉流量的变化对灌流大鼠心脏代谢的稳定性进行了考察,结果表明,在本实验条件下大鼠心脏的能量储存至少可稳定2h,用所建方法以3min的时间间隔对同一大鼠心脏缺血21min及再灌注12min过程中心脏的³¹P NMR谱进行了连续跟踪测定,并初步观测了缺血及再灌注过程中心肌细胞内ATP、PCr与P_i之间的消长关系.     

大数据时代下的化学经验2.0：基于键能的大规模反应途径预测

报道了一个基于键能数据预测反应途径的可编程算法．运用该算法,成功预测了F₂+CH₃Cl气相反应的最优产物(CF₄)和对应的反应途径．提供了一个启示性的化学经验2.0 的例子,并可能开启大数据时代下的大规模反应途径预测的大门．     

NaN_3对玉米萌发过程中超弱光子辐射的影响

为了解读植物种子萌发过程中超弱光子辐射信息的生物学意义,采用呼吸抑制剂NaN3处理萌发玉米种子,跟踪测量和分析了玉米种子萌发过程中超弱光子辐射中自发光子辐射和外界光诱导的延迟光子辐射的变化规律,同时研究了萌发玉米种子鲜质量的变化.结果发现,NaN3同步抑制了萌发玉米自发光子辐射和鲜质量的增长,造成萌发玉米延迟光子辐射的初始光子数和延迟光子辐射积分强度大幅度降低,相干时间减小.机理分析表明,NaN3对呼吸代谢电子传递链的抑制造成的自由基反应减弱是萌发玉米自发光子辐射减小的原因,自发光子辐射强度可以作为玉米萌发状态的信号,延迟光子辐射动力学参数的大小可以表征萌发玉米呼吸代谢的强弱,相干时间是种子细胞组织序性的量度,通过对萌发种子超弱光子辐射的采集和分析可以实现对萌发种子细胞代谢和功能状态变化的灵敏和无损检测.     

胸腺嘧啶低能量VUV光解离路径的实验和理论研究

利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱和理论计算研究了胸腺嘧啶的光解离反应路径, 通过改变光子能量得到不同的质谱信号, 光子能量在12.0 eV时主要的碎片有m/z=98 (C₄H₆N₂₄O⁺)、97 (C₄H₅N₂O⁺)、84 (C₃H₄N₂O⁺或C<     

Reminiscence of 40-year research on nitrogen metabolism

This article summarizes my research over 40 years. The main theme of my work is nitrogen metabolism of amino acids, though later I focused on protein turnover in the cell. In the first years of my research work, I was busy dissecting the pathways involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids and their related enzymes. Then I became interested in the physiology and regulation of matabolism of these amino acids. For that, I used primary cultured hepatocytes, which contain many liver-specific enzymes. However, this play field was very rough around 1970 and hence I had to smooth them (differentiated) first. We discovered a specific growth factor (hepatocyte growth factor, HGF) in rat platelets. Exceptionally, I also worked on branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine and isoleucine). These amino acids are not efficiently metabolized in the liver, so I had to consider the physiology of extrahepatic tissues as well. Finally, I came across a huge protease complex, the proteasome. Whether these players, small amino acid metabolizing enzymes and the huge protease complex, danced well in harmony on my playground or not, I still do not know.