全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3322篇 |
免费 | 987篇 |
国内免费 | 804篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 4930篇 |
晶体学 | 16篇 |
力学 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
数学 | 8篇 |
物理学 | 144篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 27篇 |
2023年 | 79篇 |
2022年 | 227篇 |
2021年 | 278篇 |
2020年 | 555篇 |
2019年 | 352篇 |
2018年 | 250篇 |
2017年 | 169篇 |
2016年 | 328篇 |
2015年 | 367篇 |
2014年 | 297篇 |
2013年 | 335篇 |
2012年 | 302篇 |
2011年 | 259篇 |
2010年 | 242篇 |
2009年 | 198篇 |
2008年 | 174篇 |
2007年 | 140篇 |
2006年 | 125篇 |
2005年 | 117篇 |
2004年 | 85篇 |
2003年 | 69篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有5113条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
Dr. Guanzhao Wu Yangxue Liu Hossein Rouh Liulei Ma Yao Tang Sai Zhang Peng Zhou Jia-Ying Wang Shengzhou Jin Dr. Daniel Unruh Dr. Kazimierz Surowiec Prof. Dr. Yanzhang Ma Prof. Dr. Guigen Li 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(30):8013-8020
The first asymmetric catalytic approach to multilayer 3D chirality has been achieved by using Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings. New chiral catalysts were designed and screened under various catalytic systems that proved chiral amide-phosphines to be more efficient ligands than other candidates. The multilayer 3D framework was unambiguously determined by X-ray structural analysis showing a parallel pattern of three layers consisting of top, middle and bottom aromatic rings. The X-ray structure of a catalyst complex, dichloride complex of Pd-phosphine amide, was obtained revealing an interesting asymmetric environment nearby the Pd metal center. Three rings of multilayer 3D products can be readily changed by varying aromatic ring-anchored starting materials. The resulting multilayer products displayed strong luminescence under UV irradiation and strong aggregation-induced emission (AIE). In the future, this work would benefit not only the field of asymmetric synthesis but also materials science, in particular polarized organic electronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaics. 相似文献
82.
Yao-Yao Liu Dr. Li-Jian Chen Dr. Xu Zhao Prof. Xiu-Ping Yan 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(39):10151-10159
Porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising photosensitizers due to the lack of self-aggregation of porphyrin in aqueous solution. However, how the topology of porphyrinic MOFs affects the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) is unclear. Here, the effect of the topology of porphyrinic MOFs on their photodynamic performance is reported. Four porphyrinic zirconium MOFs (MOF-525, MOF-545, PCN-223 and PCN-224 with different topologies: ftw , csq , shp and she , respectively) were selected to study the influence of topology on the photodynamic antibacterial performance. The 1O2 generation and the photodynamic antibacterial performance followed an decreasing order of MOF-545>MOF-525>PCN-224>PCN-223. The results reveal that the pore size, the distance between porphyrin, and the number of porphyrin per Zr6O8 cluster in MOFs greatly affected 1O2 generation. This work provides guidance for designing new MOFs for efficient photodynamic sterilization. 相似文献
83.
Dr. Hongjing Wang Shiqian Jiao Songliang Liu Hugang Zhang Dr. You Xu Prof. Xiaonian Li Dr. Ziqiang Wang Prof. Liang Wang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(58):14472-14477
The optimization of structure and composition is essential to improve the performance of catalysts. Herein, mesoporous nanoparticles assembled PdNi/Ni nanotubes (mPdNi/Ni NTs) are successfully fabricated using nickel nanowires as sacrificial template. The combination of nanotubular structure with mesoporous nanoparticle morphology can provide facilitated transfer channels and sufficient active sites, allowing the full contact and reaction between catalysts and reactants. Therefore, the synthesized mPdNi/Ni NTs exhibite superior ethanol oxidation performance to mesoporous Pd nanotubes and commercial Pd black. This study proposes a rational strategy for the development of nanoparticle assembled nanotubes with surface mesoporous morphology, which can greatly improve catalytic performance in various electrocatalytic fields. 相似文献
84.
Meng-Yue Guo Gen Li Shuai-Liang Yang Ran Bu Xian-Qing Piao Prof. En-Qing Gao 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(66):16415-16421
The assembly of two tripyridinium-tricarboxylate ligands and different metal ions leads to seven isostructural MOFs, which show novel 2D→2D supramolecular entanglement featuring catenane-like interlocking of tricyclic cages. The MOFs show tripyridinium-afforded and metal-modulated photoresponsive properties. The MOFs with d10 metal centers ( 1-Cd , 1-Zn , 2-Cd , 2-Zn ) show fast and reversible photochromism and concomitant fluorescence quenching, 1-Ni displays slower photochromism but does not fluoresce, and 1-Co and 2-Co are neither photochromic nor fluorescent. It is shown here that the network entanglement dictates donor-acceptor close contacts, which enable fluorescence originated from interligand charge transfer. The contacts also allow photoinduced electron transfer, which underlies photochromism and concomitant fluorescence response. The metal dependence in fluorescence and photochromism can be related to energy transfer through metal-centered d-d transitions. In addition, 1-Cd is demonstrated to be a potential fluorescence sensor for sensitive and selective detection of UO22+ in water. 相似文献
85.
Jie Feng Hongyang Zhao Wajid Ali Dandan Yin Xinyang Li Nawab Ali Khan Prof. Shujiang Ding 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(71):17818-17823
Coordination polymers are promising cathode materials for rechargeable alkaline batteries. Therefore, the precise modulation of these cathodes by chemical structure and in-depth structure transform study is necessary. Here, two model coordination polymer battery cathodes were designed to demonstrate the dynamic structure–performance relationship. We studied the electrochemical performance of two kinds of nickel-based coordination polymer, comprising a planar 2D cyanide-bridged network and a 3D cyanide-bridged network pillared by pyrazine molecules. The 2D coordination polymer showed serious voltage degradation with poor rate capability, whereas the 3D coordination polymer exhibited stable voltage output coupled with high rate at various current densities. The investigation revealed the underlining relationship of plateau voltage degradation and hydrolysis process of electrodes. It was revealed that the pyrazine pillar molecules in the 3D coordination polymer could suppress the hydrolysis and lead to the in situ formation of partially hydrolyzed structure with excellent electrochemical kinetics; this exhibited obvious smaller peak separation (27 mV compared with 149 mV) and hence an almost twofold increase in capacity retention (31.9 to 50.0 %) and energy density retention (18.2 to 35.9 %) at 10 A g−1. 相似文献
86.
Dr. Papri Sutar Dr. Vasudeva Rao Bakuru Pooja Yadav Subhajit Laha Dr. Suresh Babu Kalidindi Prof. Dr. Tapas Kumar Maji 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(10):3268-3272
The composite hydrogel of a nanoscale metal–organic framework (NMOF) and nanoclay has emerged as a new soft-material with advanced properties and applications. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of a hydrogel nanocomposite by charge-assisted self-assembly of Pd@ZIF-8 nanoparticles with Laponite® nanoclay which coat the surface of Pd@ZIF-8 nanoparticles. Such surface coating significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the ZIF-8 compared to the pristine framework. Further, the Pd@ZIF-8+LP hydrogel nanocomposite shows better size-selective catalytic hydrogenation of olefins than Pd@ZIF-8 nanoparticles based on selective diffusion of the substrate. 相似文献
87.
Patrick W. Fritz Prof. Ali Coskun 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(27):7489-7501
With the advent of silicon-based semiconductors, a plethora of previously unknown technologies became possible. The development of lightweight low-dimensional organic semiconductors followed soon after. However, the efficient charge/electron transfers enabled by the non-porous 3D structure of silicon is rather challenging to be realized by their (metal-)organic counterparts. Nevertheless, the demand for lighter, more efficient semiconductors is steadily increasing resulting in a growing interest in (metal-)organic semiconductors. These novel materials are faced with a variety of challenges originating from their chemical design, their packing and crystallinity. Although the effect of molecular design is quite well understood, the influence of dimensionality and the associated change in properties (porosity, packing, conjugation) is still an uncharted area in (metal-)organic semiconductors, yet highly important for their practical utilization. In this Minireview, an overview on the design and synthesis of porous semiconductors, with a particular emphasis on organic semiconductors, is presented and the influence of dimensionality is discussed. 相似文献
88.
Titanium-doped ordered mesoporous alumina with specific structural properties has been prepared by the evaporation induced self-assembly sol-gel method. The results show that the doped titanium helps to stabilize the ordered mesoporous alumina material without influencing the ordered mesoporosity. The textural properties of the obtained sample are related to the amount of doped titanium. When the molar ratio of aluminum to titanium(n(Al)/n(Ti)) is controlled as 10.2, the titanium-doped ordered mesoporous alumina exhibits high surface area(up to 218 m2 g-1), large pore volume(0.42 cm3 g-1) and narrow pore diameter(6.1 nm) after treating at 900 ℃, showing high thermal stability. Moreover, the obtained sample calcined at 900 ℃ still maintains ordered mesoporous structure and exhibits high thermal stability. 相似文献
89.
Pd nanoparticles have been successfully supported on nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) by using a simple and effective microwave-assisted impregnation process. The resulting composite, representing as a highly active NMOFs supported metal nanoparticles catalyst for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction between aryl/heteroaryl halides and arylboronic acids, is well characterized, and its high activity and good recyclability are discussed in details. It reveals that, compared to the corresponding bulk MOFs and conventional active carbon materials, nanoscale MOFs as novel support materials for heterogeneous catalysts can exhibit superior performance in the catalytic reactions. 相似文献