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31.
用马来酸二丁酯(DBM)为接枝单体,过氧化二枯基(DCPO)为引发剂,对低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)进行了熔融接枝功能化。样品的红外光谱表明接枝反应确已发生。通过对样品中酯基的皂化水解测定产物的接枝率,对产物进行萃取,用凝胶量间接表征产物的交联程度;用溶液的特性粘度从侧面显示样品的支化或降解情况。实验结果表明,产物的接枝率和凝胶量可以通过选择反应条件(温度、时间及反应混合物的组成)来控制;过量的DCPO是引起交联产生凝胶的主要原因;向体系中添加DMF可阻止交联反应的发生,但产物的接枝率也有所下降,以自由基机理对上述结果进行了讨论。 相似文献
32.
33.
Takehiko Yamato Masashi Yasumatsu Yoshiyuki Saruwatari Louis Korbla Doamekpor 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1994,19(1-4):315-331
Novel macrocyclic compounds, hexahydroxy[1.0.1.0.1.0]- (2b) and octahydroxy[1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0]metacyclophane (2c) have been prepared in 50–70% yield by base-catalyzed condensation of 5,5-di-tert-butyl-2,2-dihydroxybiphenyl (1) with formaldehyde in refluxing xylene. An attempted alkylation of the flexible macrocycles2b and2c with ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of Cs2CO3 under acetonitrile reflux gave only one pure stereoisomer3 and4, respectively, while other possible isomers were not observed. The structural characterization of these products is also discussed. The two-phase solvent extraction data indicated that hexaethyl ester3 and octaethyl ester4 show strong metal affinity, comparable with that of the corresponding calix[n]arenes, and a high K+ selectivity was observed for octaethyl ester4.1H-NMR titration of hexaethyl ester3 and octaethyl ester4 with KSCN clearly demonstrate that a 11 complex is formed which is stable on the NMR time scale.This paper is dedicated to the commemorative issue on the 50th anniversary of calixarenes. 相似文献
34.
In this work, we report on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogels obtained by a low heat curing reaction. These materials are suitable for in situ preparation and therefore endowed with a potential for several biomedical applications. The novel procedure adopted involves as the first step the synthesis of a soluble oligomeric PHEMA precursor containing polymerizable functions as side substituents. As the second step, the precursor is dissolved in equal amounts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and water, to form a viscous but still injectable syrup. A low temperature water soluble initiator is then added. The curing reaction starts promptly and is completed within few minutes. During the entire process the internal temperature never rises above 40 degrees C. Preliminary mechanical characterizations performed on the hydrogels in their water-swollen state and diffusion tests in absorption/desorption experiments clearly indicated that on all respects the novel hydrogels are comparable with conventional PHEMA hydrogels obtained according to literature from HEMA in the presence of divinyl crosslinkers. However, the much shorter curing time combined with the far lower curing temperature endow the new hydrogels with a higher potential in view of specific surgical requirements, and particularly for in situ preparation. 相似文献
35.
Thermal decomposition kinetics of titanium hydride and Al alloy melt foaming process 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
YANG Donghui* HE Deping*& YANG Shangrun* . Department of Materials Science Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China . Department of Chemistry Nanjing University Nanjing China 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2004,47(6):512-520
Metal foams, now one of research foci, are a newclass of materials with low densities and novel physi-cal, mechanical, thermal, electrical and acoustic prop-erties[1—8]. Demands from high-tech make Al alloyfoam, which has much higher specific strength than ofpure Al foam, the new development focus[9—11]. Melt foaming process is one of the approaches tofabricate Al foam and Al alloy foam and their porestructure (pore diameter and porosity) has close rela-tionship with the thermal decompo… 相似文献
36.
37.
Smain Bousalem Claire Mangeney Mohamed M. Chehimi Teresa Basinska Beata Miksa Stanislaw Slomkowski 《Colloid and polymer science》2004,282(12):1301-1307
N-Succinimidyl ester functionalized polypyrrole-coated polystyrene latex particles (PSE-PPyNSE) were prepared by the in situ copolymerization of pyrrole and the active ester-functionalized pyrrole (pyrrole-NSE) in the presence of polystyrene latex particles. Polystyrene microspheres were prepared by emulsion polymerization (PSE) leading to particles having a diameter of 450 nm. These PSE particles were precoated with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) prior to the in situ copolymerization of pyrrole and pyrrole-NSE. The initial comonomer concentration fractions were 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25 for pyrrole and pyrrole-NSE, respectively. The PPy-coated PSE particles were characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, electrophoretic mobility and chemical composition. The study of morphology by means of scanning electron microscopy showed roughening of the underlying PSE particles owing to the addition of PPyNSE, the overlayer thickness of which was estimated to be around 7 nm. Moreover, loading PPyNSE overlayers resulted in a shift of the electrophoretic mobility from –5.31 m cm/V s to a very small but positive value (0.082–0.112 m cm/V s). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy permitted the detection of pyrrole-NSE repeat units at the surface indicating that pyrrole and pyrrole-NSE did indeed copolymerize. The PSE-PPyNSE particles were further evaluated as bioadsorbents of human serum albumin used as a test protein. For this study, PSE-PPyNSE50 particles, synthesized from a comonomer feed ratio of 50/50 in pyrrole/pyrrole-NSE, were used and were shown to attach efficiently human serum albumin macromolecules with a maximum amount of 0.2 mg m–2.
相似文献
Mohamed M. ChehimiEmail: |
38.
Yasuo Saegusa Takahiro Kato Hirotaka Oshiumi Shigeo Nakamura 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(7):1401-1406
Novel polyaryloxydiphenylsilanes with reduced viscosities of 0.31–0.65 dL/g were obtained by the melt polycondensation of dianilinodiphenylsilane with three bisphenols, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 3 (4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,3-trimethyl-5-indanol, and 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, at 200–320°C in vacuo. These polymers are all amorphous and readily soluble in a wide variety of organic solvents such as chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclic ethers, and polar aprotic solvents. Because of their bulky and/or rigid ring structures, polyaryloxydiphenylsilanes containing diphenylhexafluoropropane, phenylindane, and diphenylfluorene units in the main chain have high glass transition temperatures of 106, 112, and 172°C, respectively. They are thermally stable showing almost no weight loss up to 350°C in air. Colorless, transparent, but brittle films are obtained from these polymers by solution casting. Ultraviolet transmission is sharply cut off by these polyaryloxydiphenylsilane films at ca. 300 nm, and the cut-off wavelength depends on the bisphenols used. 相似文献
39.
考虑壁面滑移的Z-W流变模型及其应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了聚合物熔体在剪切溶场壁面滑移研究的成果,提出了Z-W模型的物理概念。该模型考虑了界面分子链和固体壁面间解吸-吸附而发生的滑移。界面分子链和内部分子链间解缠-重新缠结而发生的表观滑移以及变形摩擦滑移。在稳态简单剪切流运过程,模型可以化简为应力和应变的二次微分方程,说明了壁面滑移来源于Cohesive滑移和Adhesive滑移两部分,对于自激振荡相关的多重内振荡和多重外振荡进行了归纳,应用统一模型定性地解释了毛细管实验中剪切应力的非线性,瞬态自激振荡、滑-粘转换和鲨鱼皮等现象,在聚合物熔体振动剪切流动(LAOS)中,统一模型可以简化为杜芬方程,通过模拟发现,该模型可解释小应变振幅下振动剪切时的线性流变行为和在大振幅振动流动中的复杂非线性行为。非线性行为与熔体粘弹性以及近壁面界面层的性质有关,统一模型在特殊情况下还可以简化Joshi模型,结构网络模型,Hatzikiriakos或等效的Graham模型,可见,Z-W模型内内涵比较丰富,适用面较广,也从一个侧面说明该模型具有相当的合理性。 相似文献
40.
Functionalization of polymers by grafting monomeric species on to the backbone of molecular chains with the use of γ-radiation
has been used extensively. In this work methacrylic acid was grafted onto a commercial grade of polycaproamide (Nylon 6) by
preirradiating the polymer granules to 15 kGy at a rate of 1.0 kGy per hour and subsequently immersing these in a 10% aqueous
solution of methacrylic acid in the presence of small quantities of FeSO4 as homopolymerization inhibitor. The polymer was subsequently neutralized by mixing it with zinc acetylacetonate in a laboratory
scale melt mixing device. The acid-grafting polymer modification resulted in an increase in glass transition temperature,
while the addition of zinc acetylacetonate gave rise to two transitions: The lower transition corresponds to a miscible mixture
of free polyamide and acid-grafted polymer, both plasticized with undecomposed zinc compound, while the upper transition corresponds
to the zinc salt of the acid grafted polyamide. Through rheological measurements it was shown that both the acid-grafted polymer
and the derived zinc salt have a branched structure, possibly containing also some crosslinked domains. Large improvements
in solvent resistance were observed for both type of polymer modifications.
Received: 13 December 1996 Accepted: 10 February 1997 相似文献