全文获取类型
收费全文 | 14573篇 |
免费 | 2817篇 |
国内免费 | 2602篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 9286篇 |
晶体学 | 320篇 |
力学 | 1684篇 |
综合类 | 134篇 |
数学 | 732篇 |
物理学 | 7836篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 37篇 |
2023年 | 186篇 |
2022年 | 510篇 |
2021年 | 500篇 |
2020年 | 697篇 |
2019年 | 631篇 |
2018年 | 593篇 |
2017年 | 707篇 |
2016年 | 807篇 |
2015年 | 639篇 |
2014年 | 817篇 |
2013年 | 1318篇 |
2012年 | 1029篇 |
2011年 | 1114篇 |
2010年 | 919篇 |
2009年 | 883篇 |
2008年 | 917篇 |
2007年 | 925篇 |
2006年 | 889篇 |
2005年 | 815篇 |
2004年 | 733篇 |
2003年 | 631篇 |
2002年 | 638篇 |
2001年 | 528篇 |
2000年 | 435篇 |
1999年 | 334篇 |
1998年 | 288篇 |
1997年 | 235篇 |
1996年 | 206篇 |
1995年 | 179篇 |
1994年 | 154篇 |
1993年 | 106篇 |
1992年 | 103篇 |
1991年 | 73篇 |
1990年 | 63篇 |
1989年 | 49篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 41篇 |
1985年 | 38篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1957年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
D. N. Dybtsev M. P. Yutkin E. V. Peresypkina A. V. Virovets Y. Hasegawa H. Nishihara V. P. Fedin 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2007,56(9):1782-1786
The reaction of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3btc, trimesic acid) in DMF at 100 °C afforded the coordination polymer [Co3(dmf)6(btc)(Hbtc)(H2btc)]··9H2O (1) (dmf is N,N′-dimethylformamide, DMF). According to the X-ray diffraction study, the metal-organic coordination polymer is composed of
planar honeycomb (6,3) networks, in which the organic benzenetricarboxylate anions and the inorganic Co2+ cations play a role of three-connected nodes. Disordered water molecules are intercalated between the layers. A study of
the magnetic properties showed the presence of a weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the Co2+ ions (S = 3/2).
Dedicated to Academician G. A. Abakumov on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1719–1723, September, 2007. 相似文献
82.
P. Etienne J. Denape J. Y. Paris J. Phalippou R. Sempere 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1996,6(3):287-297
Transparent plastics are not scratch resistant. The damage leads to a loss of optical properties. Coatings prepared using either tetraethoxysilane or colloidal silica particles embedded in glymo is a way to avoid these disadvantages. Tribological experiments are carried out to better understand the surface modification due to a sliding friction. It is shown that the wear track is not directly related to usual mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and the hardness of the coating. The different stages leading to material loss are discussed in term of particle removal and debris circulation (accumulation or elimination) through the friction track. The mechanical properties of the film combined with the film to substrate adhesion are expected to play an important role as it can be deduced from results obtained as a function of the coating composition. 相似文献
83.
A scratch-resistant single-layer antireflective coating by a low temperature sol-gel route 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A novel quarterwave-thick narrow-bandwidth antireflective coating has been developed for both plastic and vitreous substrates by a sol-gel route. This coating has revealed pronounced scratch- and climatic-resistance under adverse conditions. The single-layer coating consists basically of a composite material made of silica as the discontinuous phase and of a polytetrafluoroethylene-derived (Teflon1) organic polymer as the continuous phase. This leads to fluorine-containing colloidal silica product, or a so-called Flucosil coating. The coating is applied by spinning or dipping from specific solutions at room temperature followed by a mild and short heat treatment. In addition to remarkable abrasion and environmental resistance properties, such coatings have displayed excellent laser-induced damage threshold levels, surpassing uncoated substrates.We hope such a product might open new perspectives concerning household articles, architectural optical thin-films, ophthalmic uses, and so on. 相似文献
84.
The effects of radiofrequency (RF) (1–4) and magnetic fields (5–9) on the behavior of aqueous solutions and suspensions have been a popular subject in recent years. The mechanism of the magnetic “water memory” effect, though, is still largely unknown (5). In this work, we present evidence that the primary “receptor” of the electromagnetic radiation is a gas/liquid interface. Gas can be either already present in water or produced by the effects of electromagnetic fields. Perturbed gas/liquid interfaces require hours to equilibrate. Certain RF and magnetic signals also produce reactive oxygen and hydrogen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen, atomic hydrogen). The perturbed gas/liquid interface modifies the hydrogen bonding networks in water and also the hydration of ions and interfaces. Careful outgassing removes all of the effects of the electromagnetic fields, including the magnetic memory effect. The amplitude of the applied field influences the observed effects. Different amplitudes of RF radiation perturb the interfacial water in different ways and consequently affect the behavior of colloids and ions in specific manners. For instance, the bulk and template precipitation of calcium carbonate, zeta potentials of suspended colloids, rate of dissolution of colloidal silica, and attachment of colloidal silica to metal surfaces are modified in specific ways with the low amplitude or high amplitude RF treatments described in this paper. The solubility/diffusivity of gas species is also modified in a different manner, and it is probably at the core of the specificity of the RF amplitude effects. 相似文献
85.
86.
J. P. Doumerc J. M. Cocciantelli J. C. Grenier M. Pouchard P. Hagenmuller 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》1993,619(4):748-752
Magnetic susceptibility of V2O5 and of the α-, ?-, δ- and γ-LixV2O5 bronzes prepared either at high or at room temperature has been measured between liquid helium and ambient temperature. The results are representative of the localized character of the V4+ ion d-electron and, for high enough x-values, of the existence of antiferromagnetic interactions in a low dimensional system. The intrachain exchange integral J has been determined using the Bonner/Fischer model for Heisenberg chains with S = 1/2 spin. It is larger for the γ- than for the δ-phase. This result as well as the occurrence of long range ordering below TN ≈ 130 K in the γ-phase may be ascribed to ordering of V4+ and V5+ ions in the former bronze and to the random distribution of V4+ ions in the latter one. 相似文献
87.
复合Fe2O3纳米粒子的高分子微球的结构表征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
近年来,复合有机、无机粒子的高分子微球及其特殊性质越来越引起人们的兴趣与关注[1].获得有机、无机复合微球的方法很多,如在无机粒子存在下的乳液或无皂乳液聚会[2,3],通过可聚合的表面活性剂在粒子表面形成胶囊化层[4]以及共沉淀法等[5].这些无机粒子包括氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铝及氧化硅等.Haga等[6]增发现包覆在聚合物粒子中的CdS与其本体的光电性质不同;单分散的聚合物微球可以在基片上被组装成二维乃至三维有序的结构[7].这为信息存储、立体印刷等领域提供了新途径.因此,将无机粒子与聚合物复合成为功能化粒子是一项有… 相似文献
88.
89.
合成和表征了一种新的Schiff碱配合物MnL(ClO4)*3H2O(1)(其中L为n(水杨醛)∶n(二乙撑三胺)=1∶1缩合而成的Schiff碱).1与FeSO4*7H2O和K3[Fe(ox)3]*3H2O(ox=oxalate)进一步反应,生成了双金属层状配位聚合物{[MnL][FeⅡFeⅢ(ox)3]*1.5H2O}∞(2).IR和Mssbauer谱测定结果表明,2具有二维层状结构,其阴离子层由[FeⅡFeⅢ(ox)3]-单元构成.变温磁化率(5K~100K)测试结果表明,2中的自旋载体之间存在反铁磁交换作用.5K时的磁滞现象表明2在低温时可能存在铁磁有序,这可能是亚铁磁或自旋倾斜造成的. 相似文献
90.
Valentina Domenici Carlo Alberto Veracini Katalin Fodor-Csorba Giacomo Prampolini Ivo Cacelli Andrjia Lebar Bostjan Zalar 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(16):2321-2330
The orientational properties of the banana-shaped liquid crystal 4-chloro-1,3-phenylenebis{4-[4'-(10-undecenyloxy)]benzoyloxy} benzoate (ClPbis11BB) are reported in the nematic phase under the effect of an external magnetic field. A new hypothesis, which states that the central ring of the aromatic core is oriented perpendicularly to the external magnetic field, is proposed. In support of this hypothesis, a series of studies based on (2)H NMR spectroscopy, both in the bulk and in solution, are discussed. (2)H NMR measurements on three selectively deuterium-labelled isotopomers are presented, together with DFT results from B3LYP/cc-pvDz calculations performed on the aromatic core. The rather flat shape of the investigated intramolecular energy surface allows for several different conformations to be populated, the computed magnetic susceptibilities of which are consistent with the proposed hypothesis of peculiar orientation of banana-shaped molecules. Moreover, the orientation of the magnetic susceptibility tensor is shown to be strongly dependent on the internal conformation of the banana-shaped molecules. 相似文献