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151.
In the view of the Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (DKD) , a certifying body for reference materials can be considered to be a calibration laboratory. Therefore, accreditation of calibration laboratories in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 is the most appropriate way to establish confidence in certificates for reference materials. If necessary, the criteria of ISO/IEC 17025 can be tailored to specific cases. There is no need to provide any new kind of reference-material specific accreditation. However, in view of the variety of reference materials and the practice existing in other countries, accreditation of testing laboratories and product certification bodies may optionally be acceptable as long as the same stringent principles with respect to traceability and measurement uncertainty are applied. Such accreditations but not accreditations of reference material producers (ISO Guide 34) are also covered by existing international mutual recognition arrangements (MRA). 相似文献
152.
A large amount of inedible plant material, generated as a result of plant growth in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System
(CELSS), should be pretreated and converted into forms that can be recycled on earth as well as in space. The main portion
of the inedible biomass is lignocellulosic material. Enzymatic hydrolysis of this cellulose would provide sugars for many
other uses by recycling carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen through formation of carbon dioxide, heat, and sugars, which
are potential foodstuffs. To obtain monosaccharides from cellulose, the protective effect of lignin should be removed. White-rot
fungi degrade lignin more extensively and rapidly than other microorganisms.Pleurotus ostreatus degrades lignin effectively, and produces edible and flavorful mushrooms that increase the quality and nutritional value
of the diet. This mushroom is also capable of metabolizing hemicellulose, thereby providing a food use of this pentose containing
polysaccharide. This study presents the current knowledge of physiology and biochemistry of primary and secondary metabolisms
of basidiomycetes, and degradation mechanism of lignin. A better understanding of the ligninolytic activity of white-rot fungi
will impact the CELSS Program by providing insights on how edible fungi might be used to recycle the inedible portions of
the crops. 相似文献
153.
TiO2/Eu-MCM纳米超分子材料的组装和光催化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用有机相-水相界面共沉淀溶胶支持自组装方法制备粒径为15 nm、孔径为8 nm的分子筛Eu-MCM, 它拥有734 m2/g的比表面积和1.49 cm3/g的比孔容. 把TiO2组装到Eu-MCM的孔道中, 组装成TiO2/Eu-MCM纳米复合材料. XRD, RAMAN和选区电子衍射花样分析表明纳米复合材料中的TiO2为锐钛型. TiO2/Eu-MCM的发光表现为Eu3+离子的特征光谱, 激发峰分别为342 (5L10), 358 (5L9), 378 (5L7), 390 (5L6), 411 (5D3), 462 (5D2)和524 (5D1) nm; 发射峰为579, 592, 613, 653和701 nm, 归属于5D0→7FJ (J=0, 1, 2, 3, 4)组态间的跃迁. 纳米复合材料的发光强度都要比Eu-MCM的发光强, 其中43%TiO2/Eu-MCM的发光最强. 荧光和紫外漫反射结果表明客体TiO2对主体分子筛存在能量传递效应. 在微弱的紫外灯光照射下, TiO2/Eu-MCM纳米复合材料对苯酚的光催化氧化性能和其发光强度具有一定的相关性. 29%TiO2/Eu-MCM的纳米复合材料拥有的比表面积、孔容和孔径分别为204 m2/g, 0.24 cm3/g和4.7 nm. 29%TiO2/Eu- MCM对苯酚具有68%的最高光催化氧化产率和85%催化氧化选择性. 相似文献
154.
Nb 掺杂LiFePO4/C 的一步固相合成及电化学性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用固相法一步合成了Nb掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料, 研究了Nb掺杂量对材料电化学性能的影响. 结果表明, Nb掺杂后LiFePO4/C复合材料的电化学性能明显提高. 在0.5C、1C和2C充放电倍率下, 名义成分为Li0.96Nb0.008FePO4/C正极材料的比容量分别为161、148和132 mAh•g−1, 已达到实用化水平. 阻抗谱和循环伏安特性测试显示, Nb掺杂有效地降低了复合材料电极的阻抗和极化, 说明Nb掺杂的主要作用是提高了LiFePO4的电子电导率. 相似文献
155.
The use of (certified) reference materials and quality control materials can form a suitable basis for evaluating measurement uncertainty of routine measurements. In particular when these materials are used for quality control purposes, it is not always evident how the quality control data can be used in the uncertainty budget of a routine measurement. Current guidance documents on the evaluation of measurement uncertainty and the use of reference materials treat this subject only in part, or in very generic terms. ISO/REMCO has established a new working group that will provide practical guidance and examples on how to use quality control data in the evaluation of measurement uncertainty. A short introduction to the subject is given.
相似文献
Adriaan M. H. van der VeenEmail: Phone: +31-15-2691733Fax: +31-15-2691670 |
156.
应用高能球磨法制备Mg-x%Mg1.8La0.2Ni(x=10、20和30)纳米复合储氢材料.X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)测试表明,该复合材料具有纳米晶和非晶态混合结构的性质,吸氢温度降低,较好的吸放氢动力学性能,在423K,2.5MPa氢压的条件下,50s内即可达到最大吸氢量. 相似文献
157.
T. Nagai K. Sakai T. Asaka A. Yamazaki Y. Matsui 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2006,179(6):1898-1903
The crystal structure of our newly discovered Sr-Co-O phase is investigated in detail through high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) techniques. Electron diffraction (ED) measurement together with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis show that an ampoule-synthesized sample contains an unknown Sr-Co-O ternary phase with monoclinic symmetry and the cation ratio of Sr/Co=1. From HREM images a layered structure with a regular stacking of a CdI2-type CoO2 sheet and a rock-salt-type Sr2O2 double-layered block is observed, which confirms that the phase is the parent of the more complex “misfit-layered (ML)” cobalt oxides of [MmA2Om+2]qCoO2 with the formula of [Sr2O2]qCoO2, i.e. m=0. It is revealed that the misfit parameter q is 0.5, i.e. the two sublattices of the CoO2 sheet and the Sr2O2 block coexist to form a commensurate composite structure. We propose a structural model with monoclinic P21/m symmetry, which is supported by simulations of ED patterns and HREM images based on dynamical diffraction theory. 相似文献
158.
159.
H. X. Zong C. J. Cong L. N. Wang G. H. Guo Q. Y. Liu K. L. Zhang 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2007,11(2):195-200
Yttrium-doped lithium manganese oxide (LiMn0.98Y0.02O2) was prepared by ion exchange of lithium for sodium in NaMn0.98Y0.02O2 precursors obtained by using rheological phase reaction method. This material had small particle size, which was composed of grain size of about 100 nm. Especially, LiMn0.98Y0.02O2 delivered the initial discharge capacity of about 191 mA h g−1 at room temperature when cycled between 2.0 and 4.4 V vs Li/Li+. Moreover, it showed an excellent cycling behavior, its specific capacity remained above 173 mA h g−1 after 20 cycles, and the material did not transform into spinel structure during the electrochemical cycling according to the cyclic voltammograms and X-ray powder diffraction. The electrochemical results revealed that the doping of Y3+ improved the performance of LiMnO2 considerably. 相似文献
160.
Yasuhiro Ono Ryuji IshikawaYuzuru Miyazaki Yoshinobu IshiiYukio Morii Tsuyoshi Kajitani 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2002,166(1):177-181
The layered oxide thermoelectric material β-Na0.67CoO2 has been studied by powder neutron diffraction, electric and magnetic measurements. This compound includes an edge-sharing CoO6 slab and a highly vacant Na+ sheet in a unit cell (space group symmetry C2/m, a=4.9023(4) Å, b=2.8280(2) Å, c=5.7198(6) Å and β=105.964(6)° at 300 K). The evaluated formal valence of cobalt ion, +3.33(1), is ascribed to the coexistence of Co3+ and Co4+ in the ratio 2:1. Polycrystalline β-Na0.67CoO2, a p-type thermoelectric material, exhibits metallic behavior of the electric resistivity below 300 K. The Curie-Weiss-type magnetic susceptibility indicates antiferromagnetic interactions between magnetic cobalt ions in the edge-sharing CoO6 slab. 相似文献