Complementary kinetic and thermodynamic resolution of a chiral biaryl axis

The condensation of 2′-formylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid 4 with (S)-valinol proceeds under kinetic control to give a major product, (4bR,7S,aS)-6,7-dihydro-7-isopropyldibenz[c,e]oxazolo[3,2-a]azepin-9(4bH)-one 6a (84%), in which the biaryl axis has the (S)-configuration. Heating 6a at 140°C with a catalytic amount of acid gives rise to an equilibrium dominated by the diastereoisomeric (4bS,7S)-lactam 6b (6a:6b ratio 27:73), in which the biaryl unit has the (R)-configuration. The structures of both lactams were established by X-ray crystallography; no other diastereoisomers were obtained.     

High thermodynamic stability and extraordinary kinetic inertness of copper(II) complexes with 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,8-bis(methylphosphonic acid): example of a rare isomerism between kinetically inert penta- and hexacoordinated copper(II) complexes

In an aqueous solution at room temperature, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,8-bis(methylphosphonic acid) (H(4)L(1)) and Cu(I) (I) form a pentacoordinated (pc) complex, pc-[Cu(L(1))](2-), exhibiting conformation I of the cyclam ring. At high temperature, the complex isomerises to a hexacoordinated isomer, trans-O,O-[Cu(L(1))](2-), with a trans-III conformation of the cyclam ring. In pc-[Cu(L(1))](2-), four ring nitrogen atoms and one phosphonate oxygen atom are arranged around Cu(I) (I) in a structure that is half-way between a trigonal bipyramid and a tetragonal pyramid, with one phosphonic acid group uncoordinated. In the trans-O,O-[Cu(L(1))](2-) isomer, the nitrogen atoms form a plane and the phosphonic acid groups are in a mutually trans configuration. A structurally very similar ligand, 4-methyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,8-bis(methylphosphonic acid) (H(4)L(2)), forms an analogous pentacoordinated complex, pc-[Cu(L(2))](2-), at room temperature. However, the complex does not isomerise to the octahedral complex analogous to trans-O,O-[Cu(L(1))](2-). Because of the high thermodynamic stability of pc-[Cu(L(1))](2-), (logbeta=25.40(4), 25 degrees C, I=0.1 mol dm(-3) KNO(3)) and the formation of protonated species, Cu(I) (I) is fully complexed in acidic solution (-log [H(+)] approximately 3). Acid-assisted decomplexation of both of the isomers of [Cu(H(2)L(1))] takes place only after protonation of both uncoordinated oxygen atoms of each phosphonate moiety and at least one nitrogen atom of the cycle. The exceptional kinetic inertness of both isomers is illustrated by their half-lives tau(1/2)=19.7 min for pc-[Cu(H(2)L(1))] and tau(1/2) about seven months for trans-O,O-[Cu(H(2)L(1))] for decomplexation in 5 M HClO(4) at 25 degrees C. The mechanism of formation of pc-[Cu(L(1))](2-) is similar to those observed for other macrocyclic complexes.     

Chemoselective reduction of a lactam carbonyl group in the presence of a gem-dicarboxylate by sodium borohydride and iodine: a facile entry to N-aryl trisubstituted pyrroles

Several N-aryl γ-lactam gem dicarboxylates were chemoselectively reduced to cyclic amine diesters by using sodium borohydride-iodine system. The reduction in all cases was completed within 2.5 h after refluxing in THF. The cyclic amine products were isolated after aqueous (acidic) workup in good yields. Hydrolytic decarboxylation followed by dehydrogenation produced N-aryl carboethoxy pyrroles.     

新型大环醚的合成——1,7-N,N′双取代-1,7-二氮-4,10,13-三氧环十五烷的合成

我们曾报道1,10-N,N’-双取代-1,10-二氮-4,7,13,16-四氧环十八烷(1)及1,7-N,N’-双取代-1,7-二氮-4,10-二氧环十二烷(2)二类大环聚醚的合成及其对碱金属离子的络合性能。     

Synthesis,Characterization and Crystal Structure of an Unsymmetric Samarium(III) Cryptate

Abstract

The complex [Sm(H₃L)(NO₃)(H₂O)](NO₃)₂ · H₂O was synthesized by the (2+3) condensation of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with 2,6-diformyl-4-chlorophenol in the presence of Sm³⁺. Its crystal structure has been determined. In the complex the coordination number of Sm³⁺ is nine. A water molecule is encapsulated in the cryptate as a guest, confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry, thermal analysis and the X-ray crystal structure.     

新型环状聚(ε-己内酯-co-γ-三乙基硅氧基-ε-己内酯)的合成

设计合成了具有精确分子结构的聚合物对深入了解其结构与性能之间的关系起着至关重要的作用。研究了一种合成带有三乙基硅氧侧基的环状无规共聚酯的新方法。功能性单体γ-三乙基硅氧基-ε-己内酯(γ-Et3SiOεCL)和ε-己内酯(ε-CL)在环状引发剂2,2-二丁基-2-锡-1,3-二氧环庚烷(DSDOP)的作用下,进行活性开环聚合反应以制备活性环状无规共聚酯(LCP(εCLcoγEt3SiOεCL))前体,当单体完全转化后,以该活性环状前体作为大分子引发剂,引发反应性单体α-(1-丙烯酰氧乙基)-ε-己内酯(αAEεCL)进行嵌段聚合反应,合成了在活性中心附近带有不饱和双键的功能性环状嵌段共聚酯,即活性环状聚(ε-己内酯-co-γ-三乙基硅氧基-ε-己内酯)-b-(α-(1-丙烯酰氧乙基)-ε-己内酯)。最后该活性环状嵌段共聚酯在紫外光照射下,反应性单体结构单元中的双键发生分子内交联反应,从而制得稳定的不含有机锡的新型环状无规共聚酯cP(εCLcoγEt3SiOεCL)(Mn,NMR=28500)。采用SEC、1H NMR以及DSC等技术手段对聚合物的结构和性能进行表征。该方法的突出特点是能够高效地合成带有功能性侧基的高相对分子质量的环状无规共聚酯。     

Toxic metal complexes of macrocyclic cyclen molecule – synthesis,structure and complexing properties

Toxic metal (Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Ag⁺) complexes with the tetradentate macrocyclic ligand - cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane, [12]aneN₄, L) were prepared and studied in the solid state by IR, X-ray diffraction, elemental and thermal analysis. Diffraction results have yielded three molecular structures, [Cd([12]ane-κ⁴N^1,4,7,10)(NO₃)₂)] (1), [Hg([12]ane-κ⁴N^1,4,7,10)(NO₃-κ²O,O`)]NO₃ (2), [Pb₂([12]ane-κ⁴N^1,4,7,10)₂][Pb(NO₃)₆] (3) and one polymeric structure {[Ag₂([12]ane-κ³N^1,4,7)(μ₂-[12]aneN¹⁰)](NO₃)₂?2H₂O)}_n (4) featuring a unique coordination mode not observed before with cyclen as a ligand. The monodentate (1) and chelate (with small bite angle 50.3(3)°, (2) coordination modes of nitrate ligands were confirmed. Stereochemically active 6s² lone pair was suggested in 3 and DFT results confirmed no significant metal–metal covalent bond. The stability constants of the complexes with Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions were determined by potentiometric methods in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the structures of complexes in solution were observed by ¹H NMR. Both methods confirm similar cyclen complexing properties toward Zn²⁺ biometal and Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺ toxic metals.