Synthesis and Reactivity of a Neutral,Three‐Coordinate Platinum(II) Complex Featuring Terminal Amido Ligation

A crystallographically characterized three‐coordinate, formally 14 electron Pt^II complex 1 featuring terminal amido ligation is reported. Computational analysis revealed relatively weak π donation from the amide lone pair to platinum and supports a 14‐electron assignment for 1 . Stoichiometric reactivity studies confirmed the viability of net O? H and C? H addition across, as well as isonitrile insertion into, the terminal platinum–amido linkage of 1 .     

High spin/low spin phase transitions of a spin-crossover complex in the emulsion polymerization of trifluoroethylmethacrylate (TFEMA) using PVA as a protective colloid

We have studied the magnetic properties of an Fe(II) spin-crossover complex near its high spin/low spin (HS/LS) phase transition in the emulsion polymerization of trifluoroethylmethacrylate (TFEMA) using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a protective colloid, in comparison with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Morphological analysis was used to establish that the nanodispersed spin-crossover complex was incorporated into the cores of polymer particles covered with PVA shells. The obvious bi-stability of the HS/LS phase transition was considered by the identification of multiplet states such as the triplet (S = 1) and quintet (S = 2) states, and the paramagnetic state (S = 1/2), by noting a gradual shift of g-value anisotropy in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum at 5 K. This was thought to have arisen from the exchange interaction as a Jahn–Teller effect in the emulsion particles. Chemical modifications such as ligand substitution, and the nature of the central metal atom in the emulsion particle, especially influenced the HS/LS phase transition.     

Hydrogen-bonded Supramolecular Hydrogels Derived from 3,3',4,4'-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic Acid and Hydroxylpyridines

In this paper, four gelators (defined as G1 – G4 ) were prepared from 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid (BPTA) and para‐hydroxylpyridine or meta‐hydroxylpyridine at molar ratios 1:2 and 1:4 respectively, and characterized by ¹H NMR, IR, UV‐Vis spectra and elemental analysis. Due to the amphiphilic features, all the gelators were able to gel water via cooling their aqueous solution under different stimulations. The structure of the assembling fibers and the macroscopic properties of the gels were investigated by multiple techniques. The results indicated that the minimum gelator concentration (MGC) increased by the order of G1 , G2 , G3 and G4 , while the gel‐to‐sol dissociation temperature (T_gel) decreased by the same order, which were explained from the assembling structures of the gels.     

含时密度泛函理论研究低带隙的中性和带电的交替共聚芴的光学特性

用含时的密度泛函（TD—DFT）方法研究了低带隙的中性和带电的交替共聚芴Green 1）,该化合物是由烷染取代芴和（1,2,5-噻吩基-3,4-硫重氮基）喹喔啉噻吩（T—TDQ—T）单元交替重复组成,对他们的激发态特性用二维（2D）和三维（3D）实空间分析方法做了进一步分析．对于中性的Green 1,分别得到其带隙、键能、激子结合能和核驰豫能．用3D跃迁密度方法对中性和带电的Green 1的跃迁偶极矩进行比较可显示出跃迁偶极矩的取向和强度;用3D电荷差异密度方法显示出激发后的中性和带电的Green 1电荷重新分布和比较,用2D实空间分析方法（跃迁密度矩阵）来研究中性和带电的Green 1处于激发态时的电子空穴相干性．中性Green 1的激发态特性分别用TD—DFT和ZINDO两种方法进行了计算,比较得出电子-电子相互作用（在TD—DFT中）对激发态性质的重要影响．     

低温苯甲醇醇解法制备高活性锐钛矿型纳米晶TiO2光催化剂

 以TiCl4 为钛源,采用低温苯甲醇醇解法制备了不同粒径及晶相组成的大表面TiO2纳米晶,利用X射线衍射、热重-差热分析、透射电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和N2物理吸附等方法考察了焙烧温度和焙烧时间对其晶相组成、晶粒尺寸、比表面积及孔体积等微结构性质的影响,并以苯酚的光催化降解为模型反应评价了样品的光催化活性. 结果表明,未经任何热处理的TiO2样品即为锐钛矿晶相,控制焙烧温度及焙烧时间可进一步调控样品的粒径、比表面积、晶相结构及表面氧缺位浓度. 经400 ℃焙烧3 h制备的纳米晶TiO2具有最佳的光催化活性,其活性比商用Degussa P-25 TiO2更高.     

不同晶体结构MnO2纳米催化剂低温NH3-SCR性能研究

为了探究催化剂的结构和催化活性的关系,采用水热法制备了四种不同晶体结构的MnO₂纳米催化剂（α-MnO₂、β-MnO₂、γ-MnO₂和δ-MnO₂）,并考察了其低温NH₃-SCR活性。结果表明,不同晶体结构催化剂的活性不同,依次为γ-MnO₂ > α-MnO₂ > β-MnO₂ > δ-MnO₂,γ-MnO₂表现出最高的催化活性,NO_x转化率在150-260℃超过90%。随后,通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、N₂吸附-脱附、热重（TG）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、程序升温还原（H₂-TPR）及吡啶吸附红外光谱（Py-FTIR）等表征手段对催化剂的结构和性质进行分析。结果表明,α-MnO₂和β-MnO₂为纳米棒,γ-MnO₂和δ-MnO₂为纳米针,催化剂的比表面积并不是影响低温NH₃-SCR活性的主导因素。γ-MnO₂具有适宜的孔道结构、较强的氧化还原能力、丰富的化学氧含量和Lewis酸酸性位点,是其具有最高低温NH₃-SCR活性的原因。     

Modeling the Synthesis of Butyl Methacrylate Macromonomer by Sequential ATRP‐CCTP

The atom transfer radical polymerization of butyl methacrylate mediated by Cu(I)Br/N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine in anisole at 70 °C with the subsequent addition of bis(difluoroboryldiphenylglyoximato)cobalt(II) after 2 h is modeled using Predici software, to gain additional insight to the system used experimentally to produce macromonomer chains with narrow dispersity. The mechanistic model, using kinetic coefficients from the literature and activation and deactivation rate coefficients estimated from this work, provides a good representation of experimental results. The simulations demonstrate that the time (conversion) at which cobalt chain transfer agent is added to the system is critical to control the number‐average molar mass of the final product and also confirm that chains of higher length in the final product are more likely to be nonfunctionalized, in agreement with experimental observations. The model predicts the production of a significant fraction of macromonomer oligomers with lengths of 1–3 units, also consistent with experiments.     

Melt grafting of polymethyl methacrylate onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by reactive extrusion: Model compound approach

The grafting of poly(methylmethacrylate) onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by in situ radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate is a process where the side reactions are difficult to characterize. To increase the understanding of both the nature and the extent of such reactions, products resulting from the same chemical system, where polymer is replaced by squalane and/or pentadecane, are analyzed. The influence of the temperature, the nature of peroxides (used as radicals generators) and the monomer concentration are investigated toward the chain length of the grafts. The resulting grafted PMMA and PMMA homopolymer are qualitatively analyzed by MALDI‐TOF spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5215–5226, 2007     

On the impact of anisotropic mesh adaptation on computational wind engineering

This paper addresses the critical issue of the accuracy of CFD predictions for wind engineering. Flows around the Silsoe Cube, a high‐rise building (the Jin Mao Tower), and a low‐rise large‐span building (the Pudong International Airport) are computed with the Navier–Stokes solver FENSAP and compared with measurements. Computations are carried out for two wind directions, by solving the steady‐state ensemble‐averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the Spalart–Allmaras one‐equation turbulence model. Pressure coefficients compare well with wind tunnel experiments and the accuracy of the flow solutions is further improved via an automatic mesh adaptation that dynamically places grid points where the flow physics require them, while keeping the number of unknowns and solution time substantially at the same level. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.