Silyl-group functionalized organic additive for high voltage Ni-rich cathode material

To allow stable cycling of layered nickel-rich cathode material at high voltage, silyl-functionalized dimethoxydimethylsilane is proposed as a multi-functional additive. In contrast to typical functional additive, dimethoxydimethylsilane does not make artificial cathode-electrolyte interfaces by electrochemical oxidation because it is quite stable under anodic polarization. We find that dimethoxydimethylsilane mainly focuses on scavenging nucleophilic fluoride species that can be produced by electrolyte decomposition during cycling, leading to improving interfacial stability of both nickel-rich cathode and graphite anode. As a result, the cell cycled with dimethoxydimethylsilane-controlled electrolyte exhibits 65.7% of retention after 100 cycle, which is identified by systematic spectroscopic analyses for the cycled cell.     

Gas treatment protection of metallic lithium anode

The effects of different coating layers on lithium metal anode formed by reacting with different controlled atmospheres(argon,CO_2–O_2(2:1),N_2,and CO_2–O_2–N_2(2:1:3))have been investigated.The obtained XRD,second ion mass spectroscopy(SIMS),and scanning probe microscope(SPM)results demonstrate the formation of coating layers composed of Li_2CO_3,Li_3N,and the mixture of them on lithium tablets,respectively.The Li/Li symmetrical cell and Li/S cell are assembled to prove the advantages of the protected lithium tablet on electrochemical performance.The comparison of SEM and SIMS characterizations before/after cycles clarifies that an SEI-like composition formed on the lithium tablets could modulate the interfacial stabilization between the lithium foil and the ether electrolyte.     

LiVPO4F电子结构及锂离子扩散特性的理论研究

基于密度泛函理论第一性原理计算的方法研究了锂离子电池正极材料LiVPO4F的晶体结构、电子结构、磁性、插入电压与扩散特性.结果表明,P-O共价键的稳定性较强,在脱锂过程中LiVPO4F的晶体结构始终保持稳定, 体积变化率只有3;.费米能级附近的电子状态主要受V-3d轨道电子的影响,脱锂后体系带隙减小.体系脱锂前后都存在着自旋极化现象,脱锂后体系磁性减弱.LiVPO4F的平均插入电压为4.53 V,这与实验结果4.30 V比较吻合.Li比其他的原子有十分明显的向外扩散的趋势.     

MoO3的水热法制备、表征及储锂性能

以钼酸钠和水杨酸钠为原料,通过水热法合成了MoO3.借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对材料的结构和形貌进行表征,采用电化学工作站和充放电仪对电池的电化学性能进行测试.研究结果表明:在180 ℃下水热反应12 h制备得到六方相MoO3(h-MoO3)纳米块相较于在180 ℃下水热反应24 h制备得到正交相MoO3(α-MoO3)纳米片的电化学性能更佳.当h-MoO3 作为锂离子电池负极电极材料时,其首次放电比容量为2068.1 mAh/g.在电流密度为50 mA/g下循环50次后,其放电比容量仍然高达946.4 mAh/g,这归因于h-MoO3较小的电化学转移阻抗.     

Mechanics of high-capacity electrodes in lithium-ion batteries

Rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, play an important role in the emerging sustainable energy landscape. Mechanical degradation and resulting capacity fade in high-capacity electrode materials critically hinder their use in high-performance lithium-ion batteries. This paper presents an overview of recent advances in understanding the electrochemically-induced mechanical behavior of the electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Particular emphasis is placed on stress generation and facture in high-capacity anode materials such as silicon. Finally, we identify several important unresolved issues for future research.     

Synthesis of Monoclinic Li_(0.33)MnO_2 and Its Electrochemical Properties in Different Potential Windows

Li0.33MnO2 cathode material was synthesized by solid state reaction. The material showed a small coherent domain size about 10 nm determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the material were studied in different potential windows of 3.5―2.0 V and 4.3―2.0 V. An irreversible transformation to spinel phase was observed in the initial several cycles, which was more prominent on cycling at 4.3―2.0 V. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the Li+ diffusion coefficient of the material was about 2×10–9 cm2/s. Li0.33MnO2 showed a reversible discharge capacity of 140 and 200 mA·h/g in the potential windows of 3.5―2.0 V and 4.3―2.0 V, respectively. But the capacity retention at 4.3―2.0 V was poor due to the thicker spinel layer formed on the material surface.     

以X光吸收光谱分析能源材料行为特性(英文)

本文介绍利用X光吸收光谱技术分析能源材料,并以此分析技术,了解材料中目标吸收元素之价数、d轨域电子密度与局部环境变化,深究能源材料之材料物化特性,以藉此解释其电化学特性,甚至做进一步之性能提升.文中,分别以燃料电池电极之电化学纳米触媒与锂电池电极材料为例,说明X光吸收光谱技术之分析能力,并与材料之电化学特性建立关联.     

高性能硫/碳凝胶复合正极材料的制备及应用

以碳凝胶作导电骨架,合成硫/碳凝胶复合物.XRD、SEM等表征显示,该复合材料完全保持了碳凝胶的形貌,颗粒大小在10μm以下,硫吸附在碳凝胶内部空隙中呈无定形态,表现出良好的电化学性能.以0.1C放电,该材料首圈放电容量达到1311mAh/g.0.2C循环充放,首圈放电容量为1107.1mAh/g,30周充放电后,放电容量仍不低于800mAh/g.     

锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeSiO4/C的改性研究

采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法合成了Li2Fe1-xMnxSiO4/C(x=0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2)复合材料. 用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对材料的结构和形貌进行了表征. 通过恒流充放电对材料的电化学性能进行了测试. 结果表明, 在室温、1.5~4.8 V电压范围内, 于C/16倍率下进行充放电测试时, Li2Fe3/4Mn1/4SiO4/C具有较高的首次放电比容量(201.0 mA·h/g), 具有良好的电化学性能.     

聚萘的合成及其光电器件*

本文系统回顾和总结了化学方法制备聚萘的历史进程和研究成果, 包括上世纪六十年代的Lewis酸直接氧化萘单体缩聚法和最近的萘衍生物的Yamamoto法和Suzuki法。指出萘基格氏试剂中介法是高产率获得各种具有确定结构聚萘的有效方法;等离子体沉积法等可直接制备聚萘膜,从而避免了因聚萘的难溶、难熔而引起的加工成型问题;而Yamamoto法和Suzuki法则是合成可溶性聚萘衍生物的有效途径,且聚合物产物具有优异的荧光性能,荧光量子效率最高达0.96。对于萘在1,4- 和5,8-位同时链接形成的规整的一维石墨结构具有非常高的菲边缘碳和边缘碳密度,有望显示出比二维石墨材料更高的锂掺杂能力,另外其较强的蓝色荧光发射特性以及高温稳定性,聚萘在锂离子二次电池电极材料、聚合物发光二极管、耐高温材料等领域都将显示出诱人的应用前景。