全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1270篇 |
免费 | 84篇 |
国内免费 | 170篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1154篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 26篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
数学 | 33篇 |
物理学 | 287篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 108篇 |
2021年 | 84篇 |
2020年 | 79篇 |
2019年 | 55篇 |
2018年 | 71篇 |
2017年 | 70篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 60篇 |
2014年 | 63篇 |
2013年 | 93篇 |
2012年 | 59篇 |
2011年 | 73篇 |
2010年 | 55篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 55篇 |
2005年 | 57篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 47篇 |
2002年 | 46篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1524条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
傅里叶变换拉曼光谱对芦竹碱木质素的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
芦竹作为一种多年生的能源植物,具有广阔的开发利用前景。以傅里叶变换拉曼光谱技术对苯醇抽提前后芦竹原料、磨木木质素以及不同碱处理时间获得的碱木质素进行了无损分析。研究结果表明,原料中苯醇抽出物的存在会降低芦竹拉曼特征峰的强度,但不产生新的拉曼特征峰。芦竹磨木木质素的拉曼光谱图表明芦竹木质素为SGH型木质素。相比于木材磨木木质素,芦竹磨木木质素在1 173cm-1处的特征峰更强。通过对羟基肉桂酸标准物的拉曼光谱分析,进一步证实了该特征峰可能由草类原料中的羟基肉桂酸引起。此外,碱木质素拉曼光谱分析结果表明,碱处理40min获得的木质素中羟基肉桂酸特征峰最强,松柏醛/芥子醛特征峰最弱,而松柏醇/芥子醇的特征峰几乎消失。可见,该碱木质素中酚酸含量最高,潜在的抗氧化性最好,利用价值最高。二维异核单量子碳氢相关谱进一步验证了所得结果,证实了傅里叶变换拉曼光谱技术可作为一种安全、快速、准确、无损的分析手段鉴定木质素结构。 相似文献
12.
Mesoporous silica coatings were synthesized on dense liquid silica-coated magnetite particles using cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CTAC) as molecular templates, followed by sol-gel process. A specific surface area of the synthesized particles as high as 150 m2/g was obtained. After functionalization with mercapto-propyl-trimethoxy-silane (MPTS) through silanation reaction, the particles exhibited high affinity of mercury in aqueous solutions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), zeta potential measurement, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were used to characterize the synthesis processes, surface functionalization, and mercury adsorption on the synthesized magnetite particles. The loading capacity of the particles for mercury was determined to be as high as 14 mg/g at pH 2. A unique feature of strong magnetism of the synthesized nanocomposite particles makes the subsequent separation of the magnetic sorbents from complex multiphase suspensions convenient and effective. 相似文献
13.
14.
Insun Park Kirill Efimenko Johan Sjöblom 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3):318-327
We have developed a simple, robust, and efficient technology utilizing cheap and recoverable materials based on commercially available silicone elastomer networks for removing organic solvents and crude oil from waters. Hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of silicone elastomers endow poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) with the capacity to absorb a large variety of organics, including benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E), and xylene (X), commonly referred to as BTEX, and also crude oils, while at the same time enabling the organic “sponges” to float on waters, which facilitates straightforward handling. We developed a method for generating PDMS particles with variable sizes (ranging from hundreds nanometers to few millimeters) by drop-wise depositing siloxane/cross-linker mixtures into warm water, a process which leads to the cross-linking of the PDMS components. We have tested the capability of the PDMS particles to remove toluene and benzene from water. We also performed similar experiments by utilizing PDMS sheets. In both instances we observed a rapid sorption of the organic phase into PDMS; the amount of absorbed organic solvent depended on the concentration in water and the total mass (volume) of PDMS and did not depend on the geometry of the PDMS “sponge.” In addition, we have examined the uptake of toluene and benzene from toluene/benzene (T/B) mixtures dissolved in water. Our results indicate that the amount of benzene absorbed from the T/B mixtures into PDMS increases relative to the uptake from pure benzene/water solutions. This behavior is associated with toluene acting as a “surfactant” that effectively replaces the more unfavorable PDMS/B contacts with less costly T/B ones. Finally, a simple experiment demonstrates qualitatively that PDMS is also capable of removing crude oils from oil-contaminated waters. 相似文献
15.
Dr. Dayton G. Kizzire Dr. Valerie García-Negrón Dr. David P. Harper Dr. David J. Keffer 《ChemistryOpen》2022,11(2):e202100220
Carbonized lignin has been proposed as a sustainable and domestic source of activated, amorphous, graphitic, and nanostructured carbon for many industrial applications as the structure can be tuned through processing conditions. However, the inherent variability of lignin and its complex physicochemical structure resulting from feedstock and pulping selection make the Process-Structure-Property-Performance (PSPP) relationships hard to define. In this work, radial distribution functions (RDFs) from synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering of lignin-based carbon composites (LBCCs) are investigated using the Hierarchical Decomposition of the Radial Distribution Function (HDRDF) modelling method to characterize the local atomic environment and develop quantitative PSPP relationships. PSPP relationships for LBCCs defined by this work include crystallite size dependence on lignin feedstock as well as increasing crystalline volume fraction, nanoscale composite density, and crystallite size with increasing reduction temperature. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Dye removal,antibacterial properties,and morphological behavior of hydroxyapatite doped with Pd ions
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(12):8626-8637
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) containing different contents of palladium (Pd) ions were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The structural and morphological properties of the as-synthesized compositions were investigated using XRD and FESEM. The c/a increased from 0.728 to 0.733 with the lowest and highest contributions of Pd(II), respectively. Furthermore, the morphological features were investigated using FESEM. It was illustrated that Pd-HAP was formed as agglomerated as rod shapes with dimensions in the range of 63.4–110.3 nm for no Pd additions, and the size was reduced reaching 43.4–70.5 nm for the highest Pd contribution. Besides, the maximum height of the roughness (Rt) grew from 183.6 up to 236.5 nm for the lowest and highest Pd(II). Besides, the obtained specific surface area was around 28.3, 42.0, and 63.4 m2/g for 0.0Pd-HAP, 0.6Pd-HAP, and 1.0Pd-HAP, respectively. The antibacterial activity was examined against both Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and it obvious that the activity was enhanced upon Pd content. The inhibition zone was increased from no sensitivity reaching 4.3 ± 0.9 and 4.5 ± 0.8 mm for no Pd and the highest one, respectively. The removal efficiency of dyes was examined for methylene blue (MB) and it was shown that after 120 min of irradiation, the removal efficiency reached around 86.4% for the highest contribution of Pd. The pseudo-first-order constant (Kapp) increased from 0.0032 to 0.0179 min−1. The recyclability of Pd-HAP denoted that removal efficiency decreased to 5.65, 8.14, 6.24, 8.76, and 10.2% for different contents of Pd(II) after 6 cycles. 相似文献
19.
碱木素的近红外光谱吸收机理的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过碱木素模型物对醌、邻醌和香兰素的溶液在800~900 nm的近红外光谱波段内的吸收谱图的对比发现,对醌和邻醌在此波段产生较强的吸收,而香兰素基本上没有吸收,证明了碱木素的醌型结构在800~900 nm波段内产生特征吸收。对银杏和夹竹桃磨木木素碱处理前后的溶液在800~900 nm波段内的吸光度的差别分析,发现夹竹桃的磨木木素的吸光度的相对变化更大,这是由于夹竹桃磨木木素经碱处理后产生了更多的醌型结构。这也是在硫酸盐法蒸煮过程中在800~900 nm波段内阔叶材的蒸煮液吸光度大于针叶材的蒸煮液吸光度的主要原因。 相似文献
20.
光助Fenton试剂氧化降解染料直接耐晒黑G的研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
文章研究了影响Fenton试剂氧化降解持久性有机污染物直接耐晒黑G的因素,如光源的选择、初始pH值、H2O2的用量、Fe2+的用量、阳离子交换树脂载体的引入等,通过研究确定了各因素的优化条件。研究结果表明:太阳光照能有效的促进直接耐晒黑G染料的降解脱色,大大缩短反应时间;引入阳离子交换树脂后,可增强Fenton氧化反应的活性,降解效果更好。 相似文献