Iridium-Catalyzed Oxidant-Free Dehydrogenative CH Bond Functionalization: Selective Preparation of N-Arylpiperidines through Tandem Hydrogen Transfers

Relay to the finish: The atom-economical tandem hydrogen autotransfer catalyzed by iridium(III) has been efficiently applied for the preparation of N-arylpiperidines starting from easily accessible anilines, diols, and aldehydes. This protocol is also compatible with the use of diethyl carbonate as an ecofriendly solvent.     

介孔氧化铝负载Ni-Co氧化物催化剂上丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯

以非离子型三嵌段共聚物作为模板剂, 异丙醇铝为氧化铝的前驱物, 采用一锅法合成了一系列介孔氧化铝负载镍氧化物、钴氧化物以及镍-钴双金属氧化物催化剂, 并以介孔氧化铝为载体, 采用浸渍法制备了负载Ni-Co 氧化物催化剂. 采用N₂吸附-脱附、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、H₂程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)以及激光拉曼光谱(LRS)等技术对催化剂的结构与性质进行表征, 并考察了催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢反应性能. 结果表明: 一锅法制备的各催化剂均有大的比表面积和规整的孔道结构, 且负载的金属氧化物高度分散; 而浸渍法制备的催化剂, 其载体的介孔结构被破坏并有Co₃O₄晶相生成. 在考察的催化剂中, 一锅法合成的介孔氧化铝负载Ni-Co 氧化物催化剂表现出最佳的丙烷氧化脱氢性能. 在450 °C、C₃H₈:O₂:N₂的摩尔比为1:1:4和空速(GHSV)为10000 mL·g^-1·h^-1条件下, 该催化剂上丙烯产率为10.3%, 远高于浸渍法制备的催化剂上所获得的丙烯产率(2.4%). 关联催化剂表征和反应结果, 讨论了催化剂结构与性能之间的关系.     

A REINVESTIGATION OF THE ACTION OF NITRIC OXIDE ON DIMETHYLZINC AND DIMETHYLCADMIUM

Abstract

The reactions of the dimethylmetals, Me₂ M (M = Zn, Cd), with nitric oxide have been reinvestigated. Two moles of NO are taken up per mole of dimethylmetal in each case. Infrared, laser Raman and mass spectral data indicate that the Me₂M. 2NO adducts are best formulated as MeM[O.N(NO)Me] rather than Me₂M.M[O.N(NO)Me]₂ as had been suggested earlier. On hydrolysis, the methyl(N-methyl-N-nitrosohydroxylamine)metal(II) complexes apparently disproportionate to yield M[O.N(NO)Me]₂ and M(OH)₂.     

Synthetic scope of alcohol transfer dehydrogenation catalyzed by Cu/Al2O3: a new metallic catalyst with unusual selectivity

A method for the anaerobic oxidation of a wide series of alcohols including cyclohexanols and steroidal alcohols, has been set up. It relies on a transfer dehydrogenation reaction from the substrate alcohol to styrene catalyzed by a heterogeneous, reusable copper catalyst under very mild liquid-phase experimental conditions (90 degrees C, N(2)) and shows unusual selectivity. Thus, the method is selective for the oxidation of secondary and allylic alcohols even in the presence of unprotected primary and benzylic alcohols. Electronic effects and the choice of the hydrogen acceptor account for the selectivity observed.     

K助剂对Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3催化剂上C16正构烷烃脱氢反应的影响

 以络合真空浸渍法制备了 Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3 催化剂. 采用吡啶吸附红外光谱、CO脉冲吸附、程序升温还原、热重及程序升温氧化等手段对催化剂进行了表征, 研究了 K 助剂对 Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3 催化剂结构及其催化 C16 正烷烃临氢脱氢反应性能的影响. 结果表明, K 的引入减弱了 SnOx 和 Al2O3 间的相互作用, 促进了 Pt 对 SnOx 的还原, 并导致催化剂的脱氢反应活性降低. K 的加入还减少了强酸中心数目, 一方面减少了催化剂酸性位上的副反应, 提高了产物选择性; 另一方面提高了催化剂的抗积炭能力, 催化剂稳定性有所改善. 但过量的 K 助剂减弱了催化剂的金属位-酸性位的协同作用, 使得催化剂活性和稳定性均有所降低.     

SBA-15 负载 β-Mg2V2O7 催化剂的制备及其催化丙烷选择氧化脱氢的性能

 以 MgO 修饰的 SBA-15 为载体, 采用浸渍法制备了负载 β-Mg2V2O7 催化剂, 并运用 X 射线衍射、拉曼光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和 H2 程序升温还原等技术对催化剂 V 中心的结构和还原性能进行了表征. 结果表明, β-Mg2V2O7 具有与 α-Mg2V2O7 相同的结构单元, 但其催化丙烷氧化脱氢 (ODH) 反应的初始活性和初始选择性均低于后者. 与体相 β-Mg2V2O7 相比, 负载的 β-Mg2V2O7 上 V 中心分散度以及丙烷 ODH 反应活性和选择性更高, 520 oC 时丙烷 ODH 反应的初始活性提高了约 20 倍, 丙烯初始选择性也从体相的 88.3% 提高到 94.1%, 接近于 α-Mg2V2O7 (94.6%), 并且在 20% 的丙烷转化率时也表现出相似的规律. 这与表征催化剂选择性的两个本征动力学参数 k1/k2 (丙烷初级 ODH 和燃烧反应速率常数之比) 和 k3/k1 (次级丙烯燃烧和初级丙烷 ODH 反应速率常数之比) 反映出的规律一致. 这些对体相和负载的 Mg2V2O7 催化剂催化丙烷 ODH 反应本征特性的认识将有助于设计合成更高效的 Mg-V-O 催化剂, 如基于 α-Mg2V2O7 结构的高分散催化剂, 以获得更高的丙烷 ODH 反应活性和选择性.     

Production of 1,3-Butadiene From C4 Raffinate-3 Through Oxidative Dehydrogenation of n-Butene Over Bismuth Molybdate Catalysts

Recent progress on the bismuth molybdate catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene was reported in this review. A number of bismuth molybdate catalysts, including pure bismuth molybdates (α-Bi₂Mo₃O₁₂, β-Bi₂Mo₂O₉, and γ-Bi₂MoO₆) and multicomponent bismuth molybdates, were prepared by a co-precipitation method for use in the production of 1,3-butadiene from C₄ raffinate-3 through oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. It was observed that multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst was more efficient than pure bismuth molybdate catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. Various experimental measurements such as temperature-programmed reoxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and O₂-temperature-programmed desorption analyses were carried out to elucidate the different catalytic activity of bismuth molybdate catalysts. It was revealed that a bismuth molybdate catalyst with a higher oxygen mobility showed a better catalytic performance in terms of conversion of n-butene and yield for 1,3-butadiene. We have successfully demonstrated from experimental findings that oxygen mobility of bismuth molybdate catalyst played a key role in determining the catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene.     

β-Alkylation through Dehydrogenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols and Secondary Alcohols Catalyzed by Thioether-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ruthenium Complexes

A catalytic system for the direct β-alkylation of secondary alcohol with primary alcohol has been investigated. In this work, a series of cationic Ru(II)(η⁶-p-cymene) complexes with thioether-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (imidazole-based 1 a – l and benzimidazole-based 2 a – e ) have been successfully synthesized and evaluated as catalysts. This investigation shows that modifications in the ligand moiety (thioether group and/or NHC core) have a strong effect on both selectivity and reactivity. Imidazole-based complex 1 c , with only 1 mol % of catalyst loading, displayed the best catalytic activity as well as the highest selectivity for the β-alcohol up to 98 : 2 for this tandem borrowing hydrogen/aldol methodology. Applied to a wide range of substrates, β-alkylated secondary alcohols have been obtained in moderate yields, but generally with complete conversion and very high selectivity.