铁酸镍纳米微粒的固相合成及其催化性能

微波辐射;乙苯脱氢;铁酸镍纳米微粒的固相合成及其催化性能     

异丁烷脱氢V2O5/γ-Al2O3催化剂的研究

五氧化二钒;异丁烷脱氢V2O5/γ-Al2O3催化剂的研究     

Theoretical study of reactions between MH (M=B,Al) and the H2S molecule

Reaction mechanisms between MH (M=B, Al) and the H₂S molecule have been theoretically studied. The G3 ab initio and DFT calculations demonstrate that only one stable addition complex (HM:SH₂, M=B, Al) can be formed, and that, starting from the addition complex (HM:SH₂) two parallel reaction channels have been found: one is an addition reaction to give H₂MSH via the three‐membered ring transition state (TS), and the other is a dehydrogenation reaction to give MSH+H₂ via the four‐membered ring TS. Thermodynamics and Eyring transition state theory (TST) with the Wigner correction are also used to compute the thermodynamic functions, the equilibrium constants, A factors, and the rate constants of these reaction channels at 300–1500 K. The calculated results predict that the product H₂BSH in the system of BH+H₂S and the product AlSH+H₂ in the system of AlH+H₂S will be mainly observed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2001     

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene over Barium Promoted Ni-Mo-O Catalyst

Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene was investigated over Ba- promoted Ni_0.9MoO₄ catalysts (molar ratio of Ba/Mo: 1%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%). The selectivity for propene increases with the increasing number of basic sites on the catalyst, and molybdenum ions play an important role in propane activation. No significant deactivation of the 6% Ba- Ni_0.9MoO₄ and Ni_0.9MoO₄ at 773 K for 80 h and for 40 h, respectively, appeared, indicating that the 6% Ba- Ni_0.9MoO₄ has great advantage over the Ni_0.9MoO₄. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ透氧膜反应器在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中的应用

工业上一般采用丙烷热裂解脱氢反应生产丙烯. 该反应通常在高温(＞700 ℃)下进行,催化剂容易积碳. 而且,由于反应受到热力学平衡的限制,丙烯的选择性也不很高. 近年来,以廉价空气和丙烷为原料的丙烷氧化脱氢(PODH)反应为丙烯的生产提供了另外一条途径,且已引起广泛的关注. 在PODH反应中,一般认为晶格氧(O2-)参与丙烷的选择氧化,而其它氧物种(O-,O-2等)导致丙烷的完全氧化[1]. 钙钛矿结构的混合导体透氧膜是同时具有氧离子导电性和电子导电性的一类材料. 在高温下,当膜两侧存在氧浓度梯度时,氧以氧离子的形式通过氧缺陷进行传导,同时以电子的反向传输来完成传输回路[2]. 这种透氧机理使得混合导体透氧膜在理论上对烷烃氧化反应具有一定的催化活性. 作为膜反应器材料,这类混合导体透氧膜已成功地应用于甲烷部分氧化(POM)反应[3]. 但迄今为止,还没有文献报道这种膜反应器在PODH反应中的应用. 组成为Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ的钙钛矿膜材料是本研究组开发的一类具有高透氧量、高稳定性的新型透氧膜材料. 本文尝试将该材料制备的膜反应器用于PODH反应,同时研究了PODH反应对膜透氧量的影响.     

微波法研制CaO/NaY强碱性沸石催化新材料

 通过微波辐射可以将CaO分散在NaY沸石上而形成强碱位,高温活化后其碱强度可达到H－＝27．0,成为具有超强碱性的催化新材料．CaO／NaY具有耐水冲刷性,能克服通常负载型固体碱在水中易流失的弱点．     

Efficient synthesis of substituted pyrroles through iron-mediated oxidation reaction of 3-methylenehexane-2,5-dione with primary amines

An efficient route has been developed for the synthesis of multiple substituted pyrrole derivatives from the readily available agents through iron-mediated oxidative aromatization process in good to excellent yields. This method is well tolerated with a diverse broad range of substrates and a complementary approach to currently available synthetic methods.     

Cu2-MnO_x高效催化1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉氧化脱氢芳构化

采用新型无模板草酸盐路线制备了系列不同Cu含量的MnO_x催化剂(MnO_x、Cu1-MnO_x、Cu2-MnO_x、Cu3-MnO_x、Cu4-MnO_x、Cu2-450及Cu2-550),并应用于1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉(THQL)氧化脱氢芳构化。通过热重和热流分析(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、N2物理吸附-脱附、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱(EDS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、原子吸收光谱(AAS)手段对催化剂进行表征。结果显示在这七种锰氧化物中,Cu2-MnO_x具有高比表面积、增大的介孔平均孔径、较低的还原温度、最高的Mn~(3+)含量和吸附氧含量,最高的Mn~(3+)/Mn~(4+)。Cu2-MnO_x在温和的反应条件下,以廉价的空气为氧化剂、无碱添加剂的情况下对THQL芳构化转化率和喹啉(QL)选择性分别达99.1%、97.2%。催化剂套用五次后转化率还可达95.8%,选择性随着套用次数增加略有降低,这可能是Cu元素的流失所致。催化剂无定型结构、Mn~(3+)和吸附氧含量,Mn~(3+)/Mn~(4+)、晶格氧的流动性及CuO和MnO_x的协同作用是高催化活性的关键因素。     

乙苯脱氢与逆水煤气变换偶合反应的铁/活性炭催化剂研究

 研究了活性炭负载的Fe催化剂在乙苯脱氢与逆水煤气变换偶合反应中的催化活性,考察了催化剂中的铁物相,添加Li,Na和K等碱金属以及CO2对催化活性的影响. 实验表明, Fe3O4可能是偶合反应的活性相. 在CO2气氛中,适当还原度的、经碱金属元素调变后的Fe/AC的催化活性较好,苯乙烯的选择性明显提高. 以NH3和CO2为探针分子,运用微分吸附量热技术表征了催化剂的表面酸碱性质. 结果表明,活性炭表面具有较多的弱酸位. 担载铁后,NH3的起始吸附热为96 kJ/mol, 吸附饱和覆盖度为112 μmol/g, 说明Fe/AC表面具有酸性; CO2的起始吸附热为72 kJ/mol, 吸附饱和覆盖度为7 μmol/g, 表明催化剂表面也有少量的碱位. 碱金属元素的加入减弱了Fe/AC催化剂表面上的酸强度,同时产生了一定量的碱性位,因而显著提高了苯乙烯的选择性. CO2的作用是及时除去脱氢反应产生的H2, 促进乙苯脱氢生成苯乙烯,并抑制乙苯的加氢裂解.     

负载型氧化镍催化剂上的乙烷氧化脱氢TiO2对Al2O3载体的改性作用

自从丁烷取代苯制顺厅烯二酸酐工业化以来,低碳烷烃的选择氧化越来越受到重视.