An unusual new reaction of α-olefins with magnesiumn-alkyl derivatives catalyzed by Cp2ZrCl2

The reaction of organomagnesium compounds (OMC) containing alkyl radicals of normal structure with -olefins, resulting in the formation of alkenylorganomagnesium compounds and accompanied by hydride transfer was discovered and systematically investigated. A scheme providing for the formation of zirconacyclopentane complexes was proposed for the mechanism of the reaction.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1187–1196, May, 1992.     

机械球磨与反应烧结合成Sr2CeO4发光体的研究

Sr₂CeO₄ phosphor was synthesized by mechanical milling and reactive sintering in this work. The solid state reaction of SrCO₃and CeO₂ (2∶1) started at about 850 ℃ and completed at 1 000 ℃ for about 4 h. Two types of formation mechanism of Sr₂CeO₄ were proposed. When the starting powder mixture was fired above 1 000 ℃, the unstable intermediate phase SrCeO₃was developed, which then reacted with SrCO₃to form the final product Sr₂CeO₄, however, SrCO₃and CeO₂ converted directly to Sr₂CeO₄ at a lower temperature. The XRD results showed the crystal structure of Sr₂CeO₄ was orthorhombic. The emission spectra displayed a broad band with maximum at about 465 nm. The mechanical milling of starting power mixture and the sintering temperature had no effect on this emission spectra.     

Design considerations and an example of application of an in-house made TG-MS interface

The design, the abilities and a characteristic application of an in-house made interface for combining thermogravimetry (TG) with mass spectrometry (MS) are presented. The TG-MS interface consists mainly of three co-axial tubes. The position of the intermediate tube was determined after calculation of the temperature profile at the TG furnace exit tube. The inner tube position was determined taking into consideration its protection against condensation of heavy molecules and the time delay for the transfer of the evolved gases. This interface allows either continuous sampling and transferring of the evolved gases from the TG to the MS or repetitive introduction of short sampling pulses of TG evolved gases to MS. The interface is capable of coupling various commercial instruments. In the present work two configurations of this interface are demonstrated. Finally an example of application of this interface on forest fuel pyrolysis is presented. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

AM1法研究乙烯与环己－1，3－二烯热加成反应

用ＡＭ１方法（采用非限制的Ｈａｒｔｒｅｅ－ＦｏｃｋＵＨＦ计算）研究乙烯与环己－１，３－二烯的热Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应。结果表明反应是放热的且存在两条竞争的路径；协同反应的活化能以及双自由反应速度控制步骤的活化能分别为１１２．６６７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和７８．４０６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

中性载体阳离子电极膜电化学的计算机数字模拟

对中性载体阳离子电极膜3种可能的传输模式进行了数字模拟,研究了淌度、浓度、配合物稳定常数以及阴离子亲脂性对电极电位响应的影响。模拟结果对于廓清这类电极响应机理,解释有关实验现象及指导新电极设计提供了有用的信息。     

硝酸氯冰溶胶水解反应过程的计算模拟

用二级微扰(MP2)和密度泛函理论(B3LYP),辅以不同的基组,对硝酸氯在冰表面上水解反应的机理进行了理论计算研究.根据关键部位化学键的松弛效应和关键原子的电荷分布,对冰表面催化的原因进行了深入分析.水分子一方面作为桥,辅助分子间质子发生迁移;另一方面作为连续介质,通过偶极相互作用加快硝酸氯的水解过程.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Tetrathiotungstate

The synthesis, characterization and thermal decomposition mechanism of cetyltrimethyl ammonium tetrathiotungstate （CTriMATT） were studied herein. The as-synthesized CTriMATT was characterized by Elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR）, Ultraviolet visible （UV-Vis） spectra. The results showed that the as-synthesized CTriMATT had high purity and good crystallinity. The introduction of alkyl groups induced a shift of the stretching vibration band of W-S bond to lower wavenumber, while it had no influence on the position of WS4^2-. Thermogravimetric analysis （TG）, differential thermal analysis （DTA） and in situ XRD characterizations revealed that CTriMATT began to decompose at 423 K in nitrogen and was converted to WS2 eventually. In addition, the decomposition product of CTriMATT at 673 K in nitrogen was characterized by N2 adsorption （BET） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results demonstrated that WS2 with higher specific surface area, and pore volume could be obtained from the thermal decomposition of CTriMATT in nitrogen.     

2，6－二氨基吡啶与苦基氯的反应历程研究

对２，６－二氨基吡啶与苦基氯的反应历程进行了研究。通过二氨基吡啶与几种多硝基卤代苯的反应、溶剂效应、ＮａＦ的促进作用和紫外光谱吸收，证实该反应属于芳香族亲核取代反应类型，按加成－消除历程进行，反应过渡态涉及一个Ｍｃｉｓｅｎｈｅｉｍｅｒ络合物。     

Investigation of gas chromatographic interaction mechanism on permethylated cyclodextrins by molecular modelling

Summary The capillary gas chromatographic retention behavior of -pinene and tricyclene has been investigated on stationary phases of different polarities. On all but one of the columns employed, tricyclene eluted before -pinene; only permethylated -cyclodextrins dissolved in moderately polar polisiloxanes gave a reversed elution order. The intermolecular interactions which caused the unexpected retention behavior were investigated in detail, applying methods of computer simulation. To achieve this, we have developed a calculation algorithm on the basis of molecular mechanical optimizations and programmed it in a macro. This makes it possible to systematically investigate a given configuration space in which all the possible interactions can take place. It was shown that permethylated -cyclodextrin as host molecule for both guest molecules offers an optimum cavity size. As a result the number of energetically favorable contacts between host and guest molecules as well as the strength of the interactions in this stationary phase were larger. As a consequence the elution order, normally only influenced by the vapor pressure of the compounds at a given temperature, was changed. Nonspecific interactions played an especially important role for these kinds of substances.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of potassium molybdenum oxide bronzes: structure-inheriting solid-state route to blue bronze and dissolution/deposition route to red bronze

The hydrothermal syntheses of the alkali metal molybdenum bronzes from starting solids (H_xMoO₃) with structural affinities to the desired products were investigated. Single-phase potassium blue and red bronzes were prepared by the hydrothermal treatments at around 430 K, and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and SEM. The formation processes of these two bronzes during the hydrothermal treatments were found to differ. The blue bronze was formed by a structure-inheriting solid-state route from H_xMoO₃ with x<0.3, whereas the red bronze was formed for x>0.3 through a solution dissolution/deposition route via the formation of MoO₃+MoO₂.