The menace of insect pests is a topic of major concern throughout the world. Chemical pesticides are conventionally used to control these insect pests. However, the adverse effects of these synthetic pesticides, such as high toxicity from residues in food, contamination of water and the environment resulting in human health hazard and resistance of the pest to the pesticides have necessitated development of some nonconventional approaches of biological pest control. In this research, we have focused on a mathematical model of biological pest control using the sterile insect release technique. Unlike most of the existing modeling studies in this field that mainly deal with the pest population only, we have incorporated the crop population as a distinct dynamical equation together with the fertile and sterile insect pests. Local stability analysis is performed around the crop and fertile insect free axial equilibrium, the fertile‐insect‐free boundary equilibrium, the crop‐free boundary equilibrium and the equilibrium point of coexistence. From the study we have derived a number of thresholds for the SIRR (the main parameter for our study) that cause existence and or extinction of the crop population as well as the fertile insect pests. A global study of the model system using comparison arguments revealed existence of a global attractor for the system. Numerical simulations are done to support and augment analytical results. 相似文献
We show the existence of chaotic (in the sense of Devaney) polynomials on Banach spaces of q-summable sequences. Such polynomials P consist of composition of the backward shift with a certain fixed polynomial p of one complex variable on each coordinate. In general we also prove that P is chaotic in the sense of Auslander and Yorke if and only if 0 belongs to the Julia set of p. 相似文献
Many kinds of venomous principles modulate physiological responses of mammalian signal transduction systems, on which they act selectively as enhancers, inhibitors or some other kind of effectors. These toxins become useful tools for physiological research. We have employed and characterized paralyzing toxins from the venom of spiders, insects and scorpions with a limited supply. We have developed rapid and sensitive mass spectrometric technology and applied for the identification of these toxins. Venom profiles are screened by MALDI-TOF fingerprinting analysis prior to purification of venomous components, then marked target toxins of small molecular mass (1000–5000) are characterized directly by means of mass spectrometric techniques such as Frit-FAB MS/MS, CID/PSD-TOF MS, Capil.-HPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS etc. 相似文献
In the non-inertial coordinates attached to the model wing, the two-dimensional unsteady flow field triggered by the motion of the model wing, similar to the flapping of the insect wings, was numerically simulated. One of the advantages of our method is that it has avoided the difficulty related to the moving-boundary problem. Another advantage is that the model has three degrees of freedom and can be used to simulate arbitrary motions of a two-dimensional wing in plane only if the motion is known. Such flexibility allows us to study how insects control their flying. Our results show that there are two parameters that are possibly utilized by insects to control their flight: the phase difference between the wing translation and rotation, and the lateral amplitude of flapping along the direction perpendicular to the average flapping plane. 相似文献
A novel nanosystem based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles covered with carbosilane dendrons grafted on the external surface of the nanoparticles is reported. This system is able to transport single‐stranded oligonucleotide into cells, avoiding an electrostatic repulsion between the cell membrane and the negatively charged nucleic acids thanks to the cationic charge provided by the dendron coating under physiological conditions. Moreover, the presence of the highly ordered pore network inside the silica matrix would make possible to allocate other therapeutic agents within the mesopores with the aim of achieving a double delivery. First, carbosilane dendrons of second and third generation possessing ammonium or tertiary amine groups as peripheral functional groups were prepared. Hence, different strategies were tested in order to obtain their suitable grafting on the outer surface of the nanoparticles. As nucleic acid model, a single‐stranded DNA oligonucleotide tagged with a fluorescent Cy3 moiety was used to evaluate the DNA adsorption capacity. The hybrid material functionalised with the third generation of a neutral dendron showed excellent DNA binding properties. Finally, the cytotoxicity as well as the capability to deliver DNA into cells, was tested in vitro by using a human osteoblast‐like cell line, achieving good levels of internalisation of the vector DNA/carbosilane dendron‐functionalised material without affecting the cellular viability. 相似文献
The incorporation of cyclodextrins (CDs) to nonviral cationic polymer vectors is very attractive due to recent studies that report a clear improvement of their cytocompatibility and transfection efficiency. However, a systematic study on the influence of the CD derivatization is still lacking. In this work, the relevance of β‐CD permethylation has been addressed by preparing and evaluating two series of copolymers of the cationic N‐ethyl pyrrolidine methacrylamide (EPA) and styrenic units bearing pendant hydroxylated and permethylated β‐CDs (HCDSt and MeCDSt, respectively). For both cell lines, CDs permethylation shows a strong influence on plasmid DNA complexation, “in vitro” cytocompatibility and transfection efficiency of the resulting copolymers over two murine cell lines. While the incorporation of the hydroxylated CD moiety increased the cytotoxicity of the copolymers in comparison with their homopolycationic counterpart, the permethylated copolymers have shown full cytocompatibility as well as superior transfection efficiency than the controls. This behavior has been related to the different chemical nature of both units and tentatively to a different distribution of units along the polymeric chains. Cellular internalization analysis with fluorescent copolymers supports this behavior.