Catalyst Kinetics Analytical Method Study of Ruthenium

Color reactions are used to determine ruthenium utilizing spectrophotometer, but the process need high temperature, long time pyrogenation and miscellaneous extraction and it contaminates the enviroment. As the sensitive degree and simple apparatus of catalyst kinetics analytical method, it was extensively attentcd. The fundmental principle means to determinn a certain chemistry reaction rate accelerated by homogeneous catalyst and determine substantial content using the function of the numerical value of of its and the catalyst concentration. Color acid double azo-reagents (chloro-phosphor group, arsenic group and carboxylic acid group) are sensitive color reagent determining uranium and thorium of lanthanon, but the report is few that it is used to determine ruthenium. Since 1990s, the author studied that the ruthenium was possessed evident catalysis to the fade reaction of oxidant (KIO4, KBrO3) oxidating color acid double azo-reagent in acitidy medium and provided the catalyst kinetics analytical method to determine trace ruthenium.sensitive degree was increased 1 ～2 amount than color reaction. The reaction as:The original concentration of color acid double azo-reagents is A. The instantaneous absorbency after t reaction time is At. In homogeneous catalyst reaction: log(A0/At) = KCRu3+t. Reaction time t is invarible, so log(A0/At) = K' CRu3+t.Color acid double azo-reagents, such as: chlor-azochlorphosphor(CPA-TC),bromic-azochlorphosphor (CPA-TB), DBS-azochlorphosphor(DBS-CPA), DBC-azochlorphosphor (DBC-CPA), DBOK-azochlorpho sphor (DBOK-CPA), p-iodineazochlorphosphor(CPA-PI),p-acetylazochlorphosphor (CPA-PA), azochlorpho sphorⅢ(CPAⅢ), chlor-azoarsenic (TC-AsA),bromic-azoarsenic (TB-AsA), DBS-azoarsenic(DCS-AsA), DCS-azoarsenic(DCS-AsA),azoarsenicⅢ(AsAⅢ), bromicnityrlazoarsenic (DBN-AsA), P-acetylcarboxy lazo-p,P-acetylcarboxylazo, were utilized in catalyst kinetics system. The author obtains the satisfactory results that color acid double azo-rea gents was utilized to determine ruthenium of noble metal mine.     

The attenuation of electromagnetic waves due to atmospheric fog

The propagation of EM waves through atmospheric fog is reviewed across the spectrum from microwave to optical frequencies. Analytical approaches are considered including Mie computation, and the results compared with published experimental results. Further measurements are called for to clarify discrepancies.     

浅析722型分光光度计的正确使用与维护

详细介绍了722型分光光度计的正确使用与维护方法,以及仪器使用中常见故障现象、产生原因及排除方法,并提出了减除仪器因素误差的措施及其在化学分析测量中的作用.     

利用连续流动分析仪测定水溶肥料硝态氮的方法研究

探讨了利用连续流动分析仪测定水溶肥料中的硝态氮的方法。选择含腐植酸、有机、微量元素、大量元素等4类水溶肥料样品,采用水振荡浸提试样,利用连续流动分析仪对浸提液中硝态氮的含量进行测定,并与紫外分光光度计测定数据进行对比,探讨利用连续流动分析仪测定化学肥料中硝态氮含量可行性。结果表明,流动分析仪法的方法检出限为0.008 g/kg;加标回收率在93.2%~101%;测定结果的相对标准偏差在1.7%~8.3%;所得数据与紫外分光光度计测定结果对比分析,t检验结果表明两种方法无显著差异;两种方法测定数据之间拟合方程为y=0.9782x+0.0768,R²=0.9966。结果表明,连续流动分析仪测试速度快,试剂消耗量少,精密度和准确度满足要求,可用于水溶肥料硝态氮含量的分析测定。     

Estimation of Adsorption Capacity for Dissociating and Non Dissociating Aromatic Compounds on Activated Carbon with Different Models

The process of adsorption of two dissociating and two non-dissociating aromatic compounds from dilute aqueous solutions on an untreated commercially available activated carbon (B.D.H.) was investigated systematically. All adsorption experiments were carried out in pH controlled aqueous solutions. The experimental isotherms were fitted into four different models (Langmuir homogenous Models, Langmuir binary Model, Langmuir-Freundlich single model and Langmuir-Freundlich double model). Variation of the model parameters with the solution pH was studied and used to gain further insight into the adsorption process. The relationship between the model parameters and the solution pH and pK_a was used to predict the adsorption capacity in molecular and ionic form of solutes in other solution.A relationship was sought to predict the effect of pH on the adsorption systems and for estimating the maximum adsorption capacity of carbon at any pH where the solute is ionized reasonably well.N₂ and CO₂ adsorption were used to characterize the carbon. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurement was used for surface elemental analysis of the activated carbon.     

中红外光谱技术应用于蜂蜜掺假预判的研究

由于蜂蜜蜜种多,成分复杂,加之蜂蜜掺假方式繁多,采用传统的方式很难对蜂蜜进行快速准确的鉴别。通过对国内多个地区的蜂蜜进行调研,采集来自全国20个省份多个蜜种的蜂蜜,利用中红外光谱仪对样品进行光谱扫描,采用主成分分析和聚类分析的方法,利用化学计量软件进行模型的建立。该识别模型不仅能较准确地判别蜂蜜是否掺假(准确率为95.36%),还能对添加量在10%以上的掺假方式进行预判,判别准确率为97.78%,符合判别模型的建立要求。利用中红外光谱技术对蜂蜜掺假进行鉴别的方法有效、可行。     

新试剂二(2，4-二硝基苯肼)缩乙二醛的合成及应用-废水中溴化十六烷基三甲铵的测定

合成了新试剂二 (2 ,4-二硝基苯肼 )缩乙二醛 (GDPH) ,在氢氧化钠碱性介质中 ,该试剂与十六烷基三甲铵 (CTMAB)形成 1∶ 2的深蓝色离子缔合物。该缔合物的 λmax位于 630 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 3.6× 1 0 4 L· mol-1· cm-1,CTMAB的含量在 0～ 1 0 0 mg· L-1范围内符合比尔定律。使用此体系和高灵敏手持式光度计进行废水中 CTMAB的现场测定。     

基于分光光度计的食用油折射率实验研究

为获取不同食用油的光学色散特异性,须研究其折射率随波长变化特征.忽略光的散射影响后,建立了一种用于分光光度计的新双层载玻片模型,用此载玻片分别盛载菜籽油、芝麻油、餐厨废弃油、掺伪菜籽油、掺伪芝麻油,实验获取380～1500 nm的透射光谱,进而研究了5种油品的折射率随波长变化特征.研究结果表明5种油品的折射率随波长的变...     

721型分光光度计的常见故障及排除

介绍721型分光光度计常见的光源故障、电表故障、仪器不稳定故障，以及故障排除方法。