基于灰色关联模型的新能源汽车产业竞争力评价研究

新能源汽车产业已经成为汽车产业未来发展方向;而提高产业竞争力,能够有效降低新能源汽车产业运营费用,增进企业效益.在相关文献研究的基础上,构建了6个一级指标和28个二级指标的新能源汽车产业竞争力评价体系;借鉴灰色关联评价模型对广东省、福建省和湖北省新能源汽车产业竞争力的相关数据展开了实证研究.研究结果表明,与福建省与湖北省的情况相比,广东省新能源汽车产业的支持力度出现了较大变化,政策的推动对产业竞争力的提升和市场的扩大起到了极大的促进作用.     

基于解释结构模型的大学生就业能力因子分析——以工业工程专业为例

运用调查法从用人单位和应届大学毕业生两个视角提取20个就业能力因子,发现不同视角下,就业能力因子存在较大差异.构建大学生就业能力因子解释结构模型,结果显示,20个因子可分为4层,一些处于模型底层的因子没有得到大学生足够的重视,这也是导致应急式的大学生就业能力培养模式和用人单位招聘困境的根本原因.注重"循序渐进"的提高、强化"专业技术"和"个性心理"两个方面核心能力的培养、用人单位介入培养过程是提升大学生就业能力的有效途径.     

Synergizing Off-Target Predictions for In Silico Insights of CENH3 Knockout in Cannabis through CRISPR/Cas

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas-mediated genome editing system has recently been used for haploid production in plants. Haploid induction using the CRISPR/Cas system represents an attractive approach in cannabis, an economically important industrial, recreational, and medicinal plant. However, the CRISPR system requires the design of precise (on-target) single-guide RNA (sgRNA). Therefore, it is essential to predict off-target activity of the designed sgRNAs to avoid unexpected outcomes. The current study is aimed to assess the predictive ability of three machine learning (ML) algorithms (radial basis function (RBF), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF)) alongside the ensemble-bagging (E-B) strategy by synergizing MIT and cutting frequency determination (CFD) scores to predict sgRNA off-target activity through in silico targeting a histone H3-like centromeric protein, HTR12, in cannabis. The RF algorithm exhibited the highest precision, recall, and F-measure compared to all the tested individual algorithms with values of 0.61, 0.64, and 0.62, respectively. We then used the RF algorithm as a meta-classifier for the E-B method, which led to an increased precision with an F-measure of 0.62 and 0.66, respectively. The E-B algorithm had the highest area under the precision recall curves (AUC-PRC; 0.74) and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC-ROC; 0.71), displaying the success of using E-B as one of the common ensemble strategies. This study constitutes a foundational resource of utilizing ML models to predict gRNA off-target activities in cannabis.     

Biocatalysis: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications

Biocatalysis has found numerous applications in various fields as an alternative to chemical catalysis. The use of enzymes in organic synthesis, especially to make chiral compounds for pharmaceuticals as well for the flavors and fragrance industry, are the most prominent examples. In addition, biocatalysts are used on a large scale to make specialty and even bulk chemicals. This review intends to give illustrative examples in this field with a special focus on scalable chemical production using enzymes. It also discusses the opportunities and limitations of enzymatic syntheses using distinct examples and provides an outlook on emerging enzyme classes.     

基于相关性原理起重机负载电机监测系统设计

对起重机负载电机进行了研究,采用西门子公司的S7-200 SMART PLC采集负载电机的机械振动信号,通过工业Wi-Fi无线模块以无线数据包的形式将采集的数据汇总到上位机LabVIEW监测平台。上位机的LabVIEW监测平台对电动机振动信号进行相关性和频谱分析,将实时振动数据频谱信号和已知常见负载电机的轴承外圈故障、轴承内环故障和滚子故障三种典型的故障状态频谱信号进行相关性运算,得到实时信号与已知状态的相关系数;提出了以相关系数作为故障诊断判定阈值的方法进行故障诊断,实现了对起重机状态进行监测以及监控信息发布。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定辛菌胺危险废物工业盐中9种重金属元素

采用王水消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）对辛菌胺生产工艺中产生的危险废物工业盐中9种重金属元素Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr、Be、Ba、As、Ni 同时进行测定。研究了固液比、提取时间、提取温度等对样品重金属浸出浓度的影响,并通过高盐基体同重金属元素一起建立标准曲线以消除基体干扰。9种重金属在各自的检测范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,方法的检出限为0.0001～0.03 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为 0.20%～1.84%,样品加标回收率为 93.0%～104.6%,废盐中杂质元素含量均未超过GB 5085.3-2007中浸出毒性危害成分浓度限值。该方法操作简便,测定快速、结果准确并且检出限低,满足测定要求,适用于高盐危险废物中9种重金属元素的浸出毒性分析测定。     

工业含铬废水的络合萃取处理工艺研究

采用络合萃取法处理工业含铬废水,考察了起始pH、流速和接触时间等对络合萃取处理效果的影响,探讨了铬盐生产废水和电镀废水的处理工艺。结果表明;在废水起始pH为1.0-2.0时,络合萃取法能方便、快速、有效地去除废水中的六价铬。络合萃取．碱沉淀法适用于六价铬含量远大于三价铬含量的电镀废水的处理,氧化．络合萃取法可用于三价铬含量较高的电镀废水的处理。采用两级处理能使高浓度铬盐生产废水的出水达到国家排放标准。     

Cell Wall Composition of Hemp Shiv Determined by Physical and Chemical Approaches

The use of agricultural by-products in the building engineering realm has led to an increase in insulation characteristics of biobased materials and a decrease in environmental impact. The understanding of cell wall structure is possible by the study of interactions of chemical compounds, themselves determined by common techniques like Van Soest (VS). In this study, a global method is investigated to characterise the cell wall of hemp shiv. The cell wall molecules were, at first, isolated by fractionation of biomass and then analysed by physical and chemical analysis (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, Elementary Analysis, Dynamic Sorption Vapor and Infra-Red). This global method is an experimental way to characterise plant cell wall molecules of fractions by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis following by a mathematical method to have a detailed estimation of the cell wall composition and the interactions between plant macromolecules. The analyzed hemp shiv presents proportions of 2.5 ± 0.6% of water, 4.4 ± 0.2% of pectins, 42.6 ± 1.0% (Hemicellulose–Cellulose), 18.4 ± 1.6% (Cellulose–Hemicellulose), 29.0 ± 0.8% (Lignin–Cellulose) and 2.0 ± 0.4% of linked lignin.     

Polish Varieties of Industrial Hemp and Their Utilisation in the Efficient Production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol

Nowadays, more and more attention is paid to the development and the intensification of the use of renewable energy sources. Hemp might be an alternative plant for bioenergy production. In this paper, four varieties of Polish industrial hemp (Białobrzeskie, Tygra, Henola, and Rajan) were investigated in order to determine which of them are the most advantageous raw materials for the effective production of bioethanol. At the beginning, physical and chemical pretreatment of hemp biomass was carried out. It was found that the most effective is the alkaline treatment with 2% NaOH, and the biomasses of the two varieties were selected for next stages of research: Tygra and Rajan. Hemp biomass before and after pretreatment was analyzed by FTIR and SEM, which confirmed the effectiveness of the pretreatment. Next, an enzymatic hydrolysis process was carried out on the previously selected parameters using the response surface methodology. Subsequently, the two approaches were analyzed: separated hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. For Tygra biomass in the SHF process, the ethanol concentration was 10.5 g∙L⁻¹ (3.04 m³·ha⁻¹), and for Rajan biomass at the SSF process, the ethanol concentration was 7.5 g∙L⁻¹ (2.23 m³·ha⁻¹). In conclusion, the biomass of Polish varieties of hemp, i.e., Tygra and Rajan, was found to be an interesting and promising raw material for bioethanol production.     

Laser computed tomography of opaque industrial products measured by coherent detection imaging method

The coherent detection imaging method with a low-power He–Ne laser as the source is used to obtain transillumination laser computed tomographic and two-dimensional (2D) images of opaque industrial products such as fluorescent lamps and electric light bulbs. This method is principally based on the optical heterodyne detection technique that has the highest sensitivity along with excellent selectivity in terms of coherence, polarization and high directionality. Structures of the filament and electrode enclosed in the opaque glass were clearly identified with submillimeter resolution.