广西经济增长、金融发展与城乡收入差距的实证研究

探讨了经济增长及金融发展与城乡收入差距之间互动影响,刻画了三者间的逻辑关系,并基于广西1990-2017年的统计数据,运用状态空间模型及卡尔曼滤波算法对三者间动态关系进行了实证分析.结果显示:经济增长对城乡收入差距呈现倒U型曲线形态,而金融发展则显示出具有不断缩小城乡收入差距的趋势.     

光照强度对缢蛏稚贝生长的影响

为考察缢蛏育苗过程中光强的控制幅度, 研究了不同光照强度对缢蛏稚贝生长的影响. 试验分别选择1mm和5mm不同附着基厚度和4组不同光照强度试验, 时间为10d, 平均光强分别为A: (12244±5290)lx、B: (3792±2105)lx、C: (380±145)lx、D: (14±11)lx(光暗比12h:12h). 当附着基厚度为1mm时, 初始大小(0.26±0.02)mm缢蛏稚贝在A、B、C、D组的生长大小和成活率分别为(1.17±0.11)mm和(72.2±3.9)%、(1.25±0.12)mm和(84.6±4.1)%、(1.55±0.13)mm和(89.7± 4.5)%, (1.32±0.11)mm和(82.1±3.6)%. C组缢蛏稚贝生长大小和成活率都最大, 各组差异显著. 当附着基厚度为5mm时, 缢蛏稚贝在A、B、C、D组的生长大小和成活率分别为(1.48±0.12)mm和(86.3±3.7)%、(1.52±0.13)mm和(89.6±3.9)%、(1.62±0.14)mm和(88.4±4.0)%, (1.41±0.11)mm和(84.3±3.9)%. C组缢蛏稚贝生长大小和成活率都最大, 但是各组没有显著差异. 当实验对象换成较大(1.45±0.16)mm缢蛏稚贝, 光照强度对于薄附着基内稚贝的生长的影响更为明显. 结果表明: 光照强度对缢蛏稚贝生长有明显影响, 稚贝生长过程中最适的光照强度为(380±145)lx, 高于或低于此光照范围, 稚贝的生长率都会受到不同程度的抑制; 适当增加附着基厚度有利于高光强下大规格稚贝的发育生长.     

基于变分法的经济演化路径的最优化分析

为研究在新常态下经济的可持续发展模式, 文中引入希克斯中性技术进步生产函数以模拟最优的可持续增长路径; 并基于固定端点利用变分法研究使整个社会效用最大化的技术进步、资本、劳动的最优运动路径, 得出分别为时间的三次、二次、一次函数. 实证过程中, 利用误差修正模型拟合发现, 我国20世纪90年代后经济发展轨迹与得出的最优路径极为相似, 社会总产出与技术、资本、劳动存在协整关系, 误差修正项系数显著非零, 符号为负; 同时也表明技术进步对经济可持续增长作用显著, 鼓励和支持技术创新才是维持经济平稳快速发展的关键.     

Modelling framework for mass-growth III: Isochoric growth

Mass-growth is usually perceived as a non-isochoric process, but classes of soft tissue that exhibit incompressible or nearly incompressible in vitro behaviour may have gone through growth stages which are isochoric or nearly isochoric. The present paper aims thus to complement and complete the non-isochoric mass-growth modelling framework presented in [1], [2] by presenting a relevant formulation for isochoric deformation processes that exhibit features of simultaneous elastic and plastic mass-growth. The refined modelling route that is followed is slightly different, and more general to that followed in [2], to which, however, is also applicable. Because mass density and stress levels are expected to increase faster than they would in analogous non-isochoric mass-growth situations, purely pseudo-elastic or purely pseudo-plastic stages of isochoric mass-growth are rather unlikely to alternate in the manner implied in [1] for their non-isochoric counterparts. Purely pseudo-elastic and purely pseudo-plastic isochoric mass-growth models can however still be obtained as particular cases of the present formulation. These issues as well as additional features that characterise the present model are detailed and clarified further through the complete, closed form solution of a particular, example problem application in which the mass density and the shape of the growing continuum are subjected to continuous time change.     

Kinetic study of complicated anti-solvent and cooling crystallization of disodium 5′-ribonucleotide

Disodium 5′-ribonucleotide, which is composed of disodium 5′-inosine (IMP) and disodium 5′-guanosine (GMP), is an important food additive. The lack of kinetic studies of it causes a lack of clarity in understanding the complicated multi-solute crystallization of IMP + GMP in ethanol-water. In this work, process analytical technology tools were used to obtain the thermodynamics and kinetic data from the experiments, the kinetic parameters of anti-solvent and cooling crystallization were investigated. The crystal form of IMP + GMP mixed crystal was determined, which was consistent with the IMP whether crystallized from pure water or ethanol-water. The effects of different anti-solvent addition rates and cooling rates on the metastable zone widths were studied, and the opposite effect on metastable zone width was found. The modified exponential empirical function was developed to correlate nucleation and growth kinetic equations under different conditions. The kinetic data were well fitted with adjusted correlation coefficient (adj-R² > 0.7), which is sufficient to provide a valid reference for process design and control.     

复合材料修补结构腐蚀扩展特性实验研究

为了研究腐蚀环境对复合材料修补结构疲劳特性的影响,开展以某型飞机加速环境谱为基础的预腐蚀试验,并采用递进式的试验方法分别完成对未修补未腐蚀、修补但未腐蚀、又修补又腐蚀的试样疲劳裂纹扩展试验。利用试验数据计算了复合材料修补构型、腐蚀环境对裂纹尖端应力强度因子影响的修正系数,并确定了通过试验验证的修补结构疲劳裂纹扩展修正模型。该模型预测腐蚀环境下修补结构的疲劳寿命与试验值一致。试验数据和预测模型可为海军飞机复合材料修补结构的损伤容限设计提供参考。     

-196 ℃奥氏体不锈钢母材与焊缝的动态断裂韧性

在-196 ℃对S30408奥氏体不锈钢的母材和焊缝进行了夏比摆锤冲击实验,采用改进的柔度变化率法得到了低温下不锈钢母材夏比试样的起裂点。结果表明,采用改进的柔度变化率法得到的结果比采用传统的柔度变化率法得到的结果更准确。根据实验得到的载荷-位移曲线,结合采用Schindler法和关键曲线法各自所得结果的优点,得到了不锈钢母材的动态裂纹扩展阻力曲线（动态J-R曲线）。依据不锈钢焊缝在低温动载下的载荷-位移曲线及其断裂特征,通过线弹性断裂力学计算获得其动态断裂韧性。     

Comparison between computational fluid dynamics,fluid–structure interaction and computational structural dynamics predictions of flow-induced wall mechanics in an anatomically realistic cerebral aneurysm model

Haemodynamically induced stress plays an important role in the progression and rupture of cerebral aneurysms. The current work describes computational fluid dynamics (CFD), fluid–structure interaction (FSI) and computational structural dynamics (CSD) simulations in an anatomically realistic model of a carotid artery with two saccular cerebral aneurysms in the ophthalmic region. The model was obtained from three-dimensional (3D) rotational angiographic imaging data. CFD and FSI were studied under a physiologically representative waveform of inflow. The arterial wall was assumed elastic or hyperelastic, as a 3D solid or as a shell depending on the type of modelling used. The flow was assumed to be laminar, non-Newtonian and incompressible. The CFD, FSI and CSD models were solved with the finite elements package ADINA. Predictions of velocity field and wall shear stress (WSS) on the aneurysms made using CFD and FSI were compared. The CSD model of the aneurysms using complete geometry was compared with isolated aneurysm models. Additionally, the effects of hypertensive pressure on CSD aneurysm models are also reported. The vortex structure, WSS, effective stress, strain and displacement of the aneurysm walls showed differences, depending on the type of modelling used.     

建设用地的扩张对我国非农经济增长贡献研究

土地要素对经济增长的贡献,由于其供给缺乏弹性而常被定量研究所忽略。文章通过分析土地要素对经济增长的作用,提出在定量研究土地要素的贡献时,应使用代表土地承载空间大小的建筑面积数据。文章构建了相对建筑面积估计模型,并使用资本和劳动力数据实际估算了我国建设用地相对建筑的面积,并利用超越对数生产函数形式实际估算了我国建设用地对非农经济增长的贡献。研究发现:我国28个省级单位建设用地面积扩大在2003-2008年对非农经济增长平均贡献率为2.88%,而代表土地利用强度的相对容积率的增长对经济增长的贡献率为8.79%。建设用地对非农经济增长的总贡献为11.81%。     

Viable solutions of differential inclusions on closed sets

This article studies the existence of viable solutions to the Cauchy problem u′ ∈ ? (t , u) for a.e. t∈ [0,1], u (0)=x ₀ ∈ K (a closed subset of R ^N ) where the nonlinearity ? satisfies a Wintner-type growth condition.