Bis(oxiranes) Containing Cyclooctane Core: Synthesis and Reactivity towards NaN3

Reactions of oxirane ring opening provide a powerful tool for regio- and stereoselective synthesis of polyfunctional and heterocyclic compounds, widely used in organic chemistry and drug design. Cyclooctane, alongside other medium-sized rings, is of interest as a novel molecular platform for the construction of target-oriented leads. Additionally, cyclooctane derivatives are well known to be prone to transannular reactions, which makes them a promising object in the search for novel approaches to polycyclic structures. In the present work, a series of cyclooctanediones was studied in Corey-Chaykovsky reactions, and novel spirocyclic bis(oxiranes) containing cyclooctane core, namely, 1,5-dioxadispiro[2.0.2.6]dodecane and 1,8-dioxadispiro[2.3.2.3]dodecane, were synthesized. Ring opening of the obtained bis(oxiranes) upon treatment with sodium azide was investigated, and it was found that the reaction path is determined by the reciprocal orientation of oxygen atoms in the oxirane moieties. Diastereomers of the bis(oxiranes) with cis-orientation underwent independent ring opening, supplying corresponding diazidodiols, while in the case of stereoisomers with trans-orientation, domino-like reactions occurred, including intramolecular nucleophilic attack and the formation of a novel three- or six-membered O-containing ring. Summarily, a straightforward approach to polyfunctional compounds containing cyclooctane or oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane cores, employing bis(oxiranes), was elaborated.     

MOR负载的自还原型双功能催化剂用于催化纤维素氢解制乙二醇的研究

以丝光沸石分子筛(MOR)为载体,以高温生物碳源分解产物H2或CO为还原剂,采用等体积浸渍法制备自还原型双功能催化剂Ni-W/MOR,不经过还原过程直接将其应用于纤维素水相氢解制备低碳乙二醇的研究。考察了催化剂的煅烧温度、活性金属含量配比对纤维素转化率和目标产物收率的影响。结果表明,催化剂的煅烧温度在773 K为宜;XRD表征结果说明,催化剂中活性金属结晶度和晶体的种类与催化剂的配比有关;TEM照片可直观地说明,采用上述方法制备的催化剂中活性金属在载体上具有较好的分散性,粒径均小于20 nm。当Ni、W含量分别为10%和15%,煅烧温度为773 K,反应条件为513 K、5.0 M Pa、2 h时低碳多元醇总收率为56.92%,其中,乙二醇收率为52.30%。     

自还原双功能催化剂催化木质纤维素生物质氢解制低碳多元醇的研究

利用生物碳源在煅烧过程中产生的还原性气体还原金属氧化物来制备自还原型双功能催化剂Ni-W/SBA-15,将其直接应用于催化木质纤维素生物质氢解制备低碳多元醇,省去了催化剂还原步骤。TG和XRD结果表明,制备过程中引入的蔗糖含量为3.0 g时,催化剂中被还原的活性金属含量最高;随着Ni含量的增加,镍粒子逐渐增大;W物种为非晶态。SEM和TEM分析表明,SBA-15均匀地负载Ni、W粒子,且粒径小、分散性好。在自还原型催化剂10%Ni-15%W/SBA-15催化作用下,在反应温度为240℃、氢压为5.0 MPa和反应时间为6 h的条件下,微晶纤维素完全转化,低碳多元醇的收率达68.14%;当以小麦秸秆粉作为反应物时,转化率为85.32%,低碳多元醇总收率为44.71%。     

Effect of polyol structure on the properties of the resultant magnetic polyurethane elastomer nanocomposites

In this study, two types of magnetic polyurethane (PU) elastomer nanocomposites using polycaprolactone (PCL) and polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) as polyols were synthesized by incorporating thiodiglycolic acid surface modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (TSM‐Fe₃O₄) into PU matrices through in situ polymerization method. TSM‐Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared using in situ coprecipitation method in alkali media and were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer, Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. The effects of PCL and PTMG polyols on the properties of the resultant PUs were studied. The morphology and dispersion of the nanoparticles in the magnetic nanocomposites were studied by Scanning Electron Microscope. It was observed that dispersion of nanoparticles in PTMG‐based magnetic nanocomposite was better than PCL‐based magnetic nanocomposite. Furthermore, the effect of polyol structure on thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposite was investigated by Thermogravimetric Analysis and Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis. A decrease in the thermal stability of magnetic nanocomposites was found compared to pure PUs. Furthermore, DMTA results showed that increase in glass transition temperature of PTMG‐based magnetic nanocomposite is higher than PCL‐based magnetic nanocomposite, which is attributed to better dispersion of TSM‐Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in PTMG‐based PU matrix. Additionally, magnetic nanocomposites exhibited a lower level of hydrophilicity compared to pure PUs. These observations were attributed to the hydrophobic behavior of TSM‐Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Moreover, study of fibroblast cells interaction with magnetic nanocomposites showed that the products can be a good candidate for biomedical application. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

杂多酸催化合成淀粉聚醚多元醇及其反应中间体稳定性

采用可溶性固体杂多酸做均相反应催化剂，两步反应使用一种催化剂，在中温、常压条件下，合成了产率较高的符合工业技术指标的淀粉聚醚多元醇，而且催化剂能得到95％以上的回收，简化了工艺过程，提高了产品质量，降低了成本，用元素分析、IR、^1HNMR和羟值的测定确定了产物的组成和相对分子质量，对中试实验进行了初步探索，得出最佳合成条件。     

A facile convergent route to dendritic polyols

The synthesis of monodisperse dendrimers triggers a great challenge to the synthetic chemistry. Here, we reported a facile convergent approach to the synthesis of the first generation, six-directional ether-bond polyols with better controlled structures and ease of purification.     

A robust new strategy for high-molecular-weight proteome research: A 2-hydroxyethyl agarose/polyacrylamide gel enhanced separation and ZnO-PMMA nanobeads assisted identification

A new mass spectrometry based analysis strategy has been established here for high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteome research. First, a 2-hydroxyethyl agarose/polyacrylamide (HEAG/PAM) electrophoresis gel was designed for the first time to realize an easy-handling separation method with high spatial resolution for HMW proteins, good reproducibility and mass spectrometry-compatible sliver staining. Second, ZnO-polymethyl methacrylate (ZnO-PMMA) nanobeads were applied here for enriching and desalting the peptides from the HMW proteins. Third, the peptides were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) with the presence of the ZnO-PMMA nanobeads, and their MS signals were enhanced markedly. The success rate of identification for HMW proteins was significantly increased due to high enriching efficiency and salt tolerance capability as well as signal enhancing capability of the ZnO-PMMA nanobeads. We believe that this analysis strategy will inspire and accelerate the HMW proteome studies.