Paramagnetic surface active ionic liquids: synthesis,properties, and applications

Paramagnetic surface active ionic liquids (PMSAILs) classify task-specific ionic liquids with magnetic properties by incorporating metal into the cationic or anionic part of the ionic liquid. Paramagnetic ionic liquids had long-chain either in cations or anions and showed excellent surface activity and magnetic properties without any need for the magnetic nanoparticles. These PMSAILs have inherent unique ionic liquid properties and self-assembled into various nano-aggregates such as micelles, vesicles, rod-like micelles, and etc., by modification in the structure of cations or anions. PMSAILs provide stimuli-responsive properties, which is one of the essential aspects of targeted applications. The appropriate functional tunability of anions and cations in PMSAILs leads to various multifaceted chemical and biological applications. A new emerging trend in PMSAIL research is hybridization with flexible materials. This review will mainly deal with the synthesis, characterization, and brief history of PMSAILs and their potential advantages in the various applications in micellar catalysis, purification and separation of biomolecules, compaction and decompaction of DNA, drug delivery, and other biomedical applications.     

固载化离子液体富集-流动注射分光光度法测定废水中痕量汞

以表面浸渍固载有疏水性室温离子液体—1-己基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐(1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate,[C₆mim]PF₆)的Amberlite XAD-7大孔树脂为固相萃取微柱的吸附剂,建立了微柱在线富集和流动注射-分光光度法测定废水中痕量游离态汞的新方法。在酸性介质中和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,Hg2+与双硫腙反应生成红色的中性配合物可被微柱有效地定量富集。在优化的实验条件下,方法的线性范围为0.35～50 μg·L-1 Hg2+,检出限为0.067 μg·L-1 Hg2+。进样体积为50 mL时,Hg2+的富集因数为25倍。对环境水质汞标准样品(GSBZ50016-90)和加标废水样品的测定,回收率在99%～103%。     

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on ionic liquid in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of bisphenol A in water

A method termed dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-variable wavelength detection (HPLC-VWD) was developed. DLLME-HPLC-VWD is a method for determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in water samples. In this microextraction method, several parameters such as extraction solvent volume, sample volume, disperser solvent, ionic strength, pH, and disperser volume were optimised with the aid of interactive orthogonal array and a mixed level experiment design. First, an orthogonal array design was used to screen the significant variables for the optimisation. Second, the significant factors were optimised by using a mixed level experiment. Under the optimised extraction conditions (extraction solvent: ionic liquid [C₆MIM][PF₆], 60 µL; dispersive solvent: methanol, 0.4 mL; and pH = 4.0), the performance of the established method was evaluated. The response linearity of the method was observed in a range of 0.002–1.0 mg L^?1 (three orders of magnitude) with correlation coefficient (R ²) of 0.9999. The repeatability of this method was 4.2–5.3% for three different BPA levels and the enrichment factors were above 180. The extraction recovery was about 50% for the three different concentrations with 3.4–6.4% of RSD. Limit of detection of the method was 0.40 µg L^?1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. In addition, the relative recovery of sample of Songhua River, tap water and barrel-drain water at different spiked concentration levels was ranged 95.8–103.0%, 92.6–98.6% and 87.2–95.3%, respectively. Compared with other extraction technologies, there have been the following advantages of quick, easy operation, and time-saving for the present method.     

Nanofluorides

The present review article covers major aspects of inorganic chemistry of nanofluorides, including methods of their synthesis (thermolysis of the precursors, co-precipitation from solutions, reversed micelle technique, hydro- and solvo-thermal techniques, sol–gel method, etc.), nanochemical effects (enhanced chemical activity, self-organization and self-assembly, non-classical mechanism of the single crystal growth, synthesis of non-equilibrium phases), targeted preparation of 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures, surface modification of the nanoparticles, fluoride nanocomposites (glass- and nano-ceramics) as well as applications of nanofluorides.     

离子液体顶空液相微萃取富集苯系物

以水不互溶的离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑的六氟磷酸盐作为顶空液相微萃取的萃取剂,能够从水溶液中有效地萃取苯系物。当萃取时间为30min时,富集倍数在19～50之间。