结肠酶特异响应性两亲高分子载体的合成和表征

合成了一种可在结肠部位被特异酶解的两亲性嵌段高分子,由聚丙交酯(PLA)疏水嵌段和聚乙二醇(PEG)亲水嵌段组成,两者通过5,5′-偶氮二水杨酸(OLZ)偶联,其中的偶氮键可被结肠部位的偶氮还原酶特异酶解.利用FTIR、NMR和GPC等方法表征了共聚物的结构,并通过透射电镜(TEM)和动态光散射(DLS)等方法研究了该高分子载体在水溶液中的组装行为.结果表明MPEG-OLZ-b-PLA可在水介质中形成尺寸在30nm左右的球形胶束,并在大鼠全盲肠提取液中被特异性酶解。     

Critical Value and Control of Complexation of Polylactide Blends Using Optical Purity

On the basis of the stereocomplex formation between poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-lactide) (PDLA), the stereocomplexation-induced surface properties of enantimeric polylactide blends were inverstigated by electron spectrometer for chemical analysis (ESCA) and contact angle measurements as a function of a degree of complexation. The complexation of blends was controlled by using the stereochemical polylactides (stPLAs) with percent D repeat unit contents (optical purity) of 100, 98, 95, 90, and 85%. The PLLA-b-poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS)-b-PLLA triblock copolymer, instead of PLLA was used as a surface probe material because of the high surface segregation of PDMS blocks. From ESCA measurements, the surface segregation of PDMS of PLLA-b-PDMS-b-PLLA/stPLA blends with ≤10% optical impurity was rapidly decreased with a degree of complexation. However, the uncomplexed blends >10% optical impurity showed that the surface segregation of PDMS was nearly that of PLLA-b-PDMS-b-PLLA. Similar behaviors were observed in the contact angle measurements. These results indicate that 10% optical impurity is a critical value at which the complex formation and the surface properties of the PLLA-b-PDMS-b-PLLA/stPLA blends can be controlled.     

PLA大分子单体接枝NVP共聚物的合成与性能

制备了末端为双键的功能化聚乳酸大分子单体(PLA-HEMA),并以此大分子单体与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)进行自由基溶液共聚,合成了具有亲水性PVP-PHEMA主链和疏水性PLA支链的接枝共聚物。用FT-IR1、H-NMR、GPC、DSC、表面接触角测定研究了共聚物的结构与性能。结果表明:共聚物为非晶聚合物;NVP的摩尔投料量对共聚物的性能有显著影响,随NVP投料量增大,共聚物的分子量有所下降,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)增大;由于亲水性PVP和PHEMA链段的引入,共聚物的亲水性优于相应的线型聚乳酸材料。     

关于扩展PLA逻辑综合能力的若干技术

本文提出了克服PLA固定容量的限制,扩展逻辑综合能力的两种技术:一是在改用带二位译码器PLA的情况下,减少函数乘积项的算法;二是将逻辑函数修改技术用于PLA的逻辑综合技术。     

Fiber spinning behavior of a 3-hydroxybutyrate/3-hydroxyhexanoate copolymer

The fiber spinning behavior of a poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) copolymer resin containing 11.3 mol% hexanoate copolymer (H11) was studied to determine its usefulness in fiber based applications, such as nonwovens. Monocomponent fibers were spun initially, but it was found they would not solidify in the spinline. Bicomponent (sheath/core) fibers were melt spun using a H11 core and a polylactic acid (PLA), as well as a polyethylene succinate (PES) sheath. The spinning results showed that H11 levels up to 30wt% could be incorporated with stable spinning. The incorporation of H11 was found to be limited due to the slow crystallization kinetics of the H11 in the spinline. The neat and bicomoponent fibers were found to have tensile strengths similar to polypropylene. The PES based fiber compositions were found to have elongation-at-break values similar to PP. Neat H11 copolymer fibers were found to be readily biodegradable at 25°C under aerobic conditions.     

Graft Polymerization of Acryloyloxystarch with Poly (D, L-lactide) Macromonomer——A Potential Drug Delivery Carrier for Oral Administration

Starch is the second largest natural biopolymer. Its unique biodegradable and biocompatible properties make it be increasingly applied to the field of biomedicine. As one kind of polysaccharide, starch is easily degraded into small organic molecules by amylase in the alimentary canal. The fact that the activity of amylase is restrained in the high acid environment in stomach provides an opportunity to prepare an intestinal-specific delivery carrier with     

Latest advances in zwitterionic structures modified dialysis membranes

End-stage renal diseases are affecting many patients and as a result, demand to receive dialysis service is growing annually. Morbidity and mortality rates are reported to be higher in comparison with healthy humans. The reason is reported to be the hemoincompatiblity of blood purification membranes, which hinders patients’ lives. Activation of different immune systems in the body, in case of blood-membrane interaction, results in several side effects, of which cardiovascular shocks have been mentioned to be a major one. Efforts to solve this issue have resulted in different generations of dialysis membranes. Zwitterionic immobilized membranes are the latest (third) generation, which owns a higher degree of hemocompatiblity with more stability of immobilized structures. This critical review intends to cover recent efforts conducted over the zwitterionization of polymeric membrane surfaces with the goal of improving hemocompatibility. Different aspects of third-generation membranes are discussed for a better understanding of the current gap and gathering the knowledge to further develop the field. Accordingly, this critical survey provides an in-depth understanding of blood purification membranes zwitterionization for paving the way for the optimum enhancement of hemodialysis membrane hemocompatibility.     

聚乳酸/聚氨酯共混体系相容性研究

采用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)作为改性剂来增韧聚乳酸(PLA),通过溶度参数法、聚合物混合焓变法预测了TPU和PLA的相容性,并且通过稀溶液粘度法、动态热机械分析(DMA)及扫描电镜(SEM)对两者相容性进行表征,结果显示PLA和TPU为部分相容体系.共混溶液的粘度与组成含量的变化呈非线性关系;PLA/TPU共混膜的...     

聚乳酸/肝素缓释微囊复合材料组织相容性研究

研究了三种不同包覆材料的肝素微胶囊／聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料的组织相容性。结果表明，随着胶囊中壳聚糖浓度的增大，肝素的释放速率变慢。皮肤刺激、皮内刺激、热原、全身急性毒性和细胞培养等试验表明，制备的复合材料在生物学评价试验中均呈阴性反应，材料无明显毒性，材料中不存在潜在致敏性物质，所含热原含量符合生物体的要求。由此表明，肝素缓释微胶囊／PLA复合材料符合三维多孔材料的要求，且具有优良的组织相容性。     

生物可降解聚乳酸的改性及其应用研究进展

综述了近年来国内外关于生物可降解材料聚乳酸(PLA)通过共聚、共混、增塑和复合等方法得到聚乳酸改性材料的研究进展,以及对其在生物医学领域、纺织领域和包装领域中的应用作了广泛而深入的总结和评述,并预示了聚乳酸材料的研究开发前景。