有机过氧化物的热自燃性小药量评价法

有机过氧化物的热自燃性小药量评价法;有机过氧化物;热自燃危险性;自加速分解温度;微量量热仪     

高能激光能量计溯源问题研究北大核心

由于高能激光能量计标定过程中没有标准的能量测量装置和标准的激光源,无法采用常规方法对其进行标校。提出了一种利用现有小能量计从低到高逐级多次传递不确定度的方法,以及一种利用能量等效原理对激光能量计进行标校的方法。不确定度传递法方法简单,但环节较多导致不确定度较大。等效标定法包括电标法和光标法,电标法对设计要求较高,但求解过程相对简单。光标法工程实现难度要低得多,但必须事先对灯组余热及热损失进行测算。等效法的三个条件与误差大小关系紧密,在结构设计中必须严格考虑,它是提高测量准确性的根本,其次要尽量减少不确定度传递的中间环节,最后需要对误差项进行科学分析和测定,在此基础上对这些项进行相应的修正和补偿。     

Undercooling and solidification of germanium melts studied by differential scanning calorimeter

~~Undercooling and solidification of germanium melts studied by differential scanning calorimeter~~     

Novel Process Applications Using PHI-TEC II Adiabatic Calorimeter

This paper presents several applications of the PHI-TEC II that are not commonly associated with adiabatic calorimeters but which have proved to be extremely valuable. These include simulation of a deep oil well for enhanced oil recovery, isothermal calorimetry of a semibatch reaction, catalyst research using flow through reactors (both plug flow and CSTR) with controlled feeds of high pressure liquid and gas.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Novel flame retardants containing cyclodextrin nanosponges and phosphorus compounds to enhance EVA combustion properties

A novel flame retardant intumescent system, aimed to improve the fire stability of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), has been prepared by melt blending of the copolymer and a complex of cyclodextrin nanosponge-phosphorus compounds. As compared to traditional systems, this complex, stable in processing conditions, has the advantage that nanosponges act as both carbon sources and foam forming agents while the phosphorus compounds are able to directly generate phosphoric acid in situ. In this context, cyclodextrin nanosponges undergo dehydration in presence of the acid source, generating water vapour and char, and thus protecting the copolymer against combustion. Different acid sources have been investigated in order to reach the optimum interaction with the nanosponges. Raman measurements and thermogravimetric analyses have shown that the cavities of nanosponges entrapped the phosphorus derivatives forming stable complexes at the temperature of EVA processing. Different amounts of these complexes (5, 10 and 15 wt.%) have been added to EVA via melt blending and their flame retardancy properties measured by UL94 test and cone calorimetry. Strongly modified burning kinetics, as compared to the behaviour of the neat copolymer, have been found by UL94 test: V2 classification has been achieved for every formulation regardless of the type and the amount of complex used. EVA combustion behaviour by cone calorimetry has also been significantly affected: the heat release rate decreased dramatically down to ca. 20% in the presence of these new additives.     

DSC and Rheometry Investigations of Crude Oils

Thermal characteristics and rheological behaviour of eight crude oils covered a wide range of fluid composition and properties were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and viscometry. Wax appearance temperatures (WAT) of crude oils were determined by DSC and viscometry. Good agreement is obtained between the results. The dynamic viscosity in the Newtonian temperature range of the crude oils (above 30°C) generally obeyed a simple first-order Arrhenius type of temperature dependence. Activation energies of flow in the non-Newtonian range are not uniquely defined. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

准稳态法测量液体比热容的实验研究

建立了准稳态量热计,通过测量纯水和正庚烷的比热容,对量热器进行了检验。比热容的测量结果与文献标准值比较,最大偏差不超过1.0％,表明量热器具有较高的精度和稳定性。在此基础上测量了含氧燃料添加剂碳酸二甲酯及可作为蓄热介质石腊的比热容,为混合燃料的设计和空调余热利用提供基础数据。     

精密滴定热量计的研制

介绍一种精密滴定热量计,阐述热量计的设计原理,并对其结构进行了详细的阐述。热量计有效反应体积为100mL,恒温槽控温精度为±0.001 K,测温灵敏度为5×10~(-5)K,加样精度为0.5μL。用THAM对仪器进行了标定,测得溶解热为—47567±76J·mol~(-1),与文献值吻合。     

电阻不等条件下测量液体比热容的正确方法

在“电流量热器法测液体比热容”的实验中,一些教科书提出的解决加热电阻不等问题的方法存在着不妥之处,本文对此作了修正.