催化褪色光度法测定痕量铁--Fe(Ⅲ)+亚甲基蓝+过氧化氢体系

研究了在硫酸介质中,微量铁(Ⅲ)催化过氧化氢氧化亚甲基蓝的褪色反应,建立了测定痕量铁方法.灵敏度为8.0×10-8g/mL,线性范围为0～1.000 0g/mL,用于自来水中铁的测定,结果与实际接近,相对标准偏差为0.67%.     

溶剂热法制备Ag/TiO2纳米材料及其光催化性能

以乙醇为溶剂, 钛酸四丁酯为前驱体, 用溶剂热法制备了Ag表面修饰的负载型纳米二氧化钛光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、N₂吸附-脱附(BET)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱等技术对其进行了系统的表征, 以亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液的脱色降解为模型反应, 考察了不同Ag含量样品的光催化性能. 结果表明: 用溶剂热法制备的样品中TiO₂皆为锐钛矿相, 金属Ag颗粒沉积在TiO₂表面, 粒径为2 nm左右, 比表面积较溶胶凝胶法制备的样品大大增加, 最高可达151.44 m²·g^-1; UV-Vis光谱和光催化实验表明: Ag修饰使TiO₂对光的吸收能力大大增强, 吸收带边红移至可见光区, 亚甲基蓝在该复合材料上的光催化降解反应遵循一级反应动力学模型; 溶剂热法制备样品的光催化性能明显好于溶胶凝胶法制备的样品, 在紫外光和可见光下, Ag摩尔分数为5%的样品表现出最佳的光催化活性.     

溶剂热法制备Ag/TiO2纳米材料及其光催化性能

以乙醇为溶剂, 钛酸四丁酯为前驱体, 用溶剂热法制备了Ag表面修饰的负载型纳米二氧化钛光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、N₂吸附-脱附(BET)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱等技术对其进行了系统的表征, 以亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液的脱色降解为模型反应, 考察了不同Ag含量样品的光催化性能. 结果表明: 用溶剂热法制备的样品中TiO₂皆为锐钛矿相, 金属Ag颗粒沉积在TiO₂表面, 粒径为2 nm左右, 比表面积较溶胶凝胶法制备的样品大大增加, 最高可达151.44 m²·g^-1; UV-Vis光谱和光催化实验表明: Ag修饰使TiO₂对光的吸收能力大大增强, 吸收带边红移至可见光区, 亚甲基蓝在该复合材料上的光催化降解反应遵循一级反应动力学模型; 溶剂热法制备样品的光催化性能明显好于溶胶凝胶法制备的样品, 在紫外光和可见光下, Ag摩尔分数为5%的样品表现出最佳的光催化活性.     

表面增强拉曼光谱研究吸附态的变化

测量了吡啶分子在电化学处理的银表面和亚甲基蓝分子在硝酸刻蚀银表面的表面增强拉曼光谱（ＳＥＲＳ）．对ＳＥＲＳ谱线的分析结果表明，吡啶分子在较低的表面吸附分子密度时倾向于平躺方式；而在较高的表面分子密度时，则倾向于向垂直吸附态转化．亚甲基蓝分子在较低浓度时主要是平躺吸附，随Ｃｌ－浓度的增加，亚甲基蓝从“平躺”吸附态转向“站立”吸附态．     

Development of a novel nitrite amperometric sensor based on poly(toluidine blue) film electrode

A novel sensor for the determination of nitrite anion () was fabricated by electrodeposition of toluidine blue. The sensor exhibited good catalytic activity toward the electrochemical oxidation of nitrite. Amperometry was carried out to determine the concentration of . A linear response in the range from 1.0×10⁻⁷ to 1.52×10⁻⁵ M with a substantially low detection limit of 5×10⁻⁸ M (S/N=3) was obtained. The proposed sensor had a feature of high sensitivity of 4.7×10⁵ μA M⁻¹ cm⁻². The possible interference from several common ions was tested. This sensor was applied to the amperometric determination of nitrite in food samples, and the results were consistent with those obtained with the standard spectrophotometric procedure.     

高效毛细管电泳法分析蓝色签字笔字迹色痕种类及相对形成时间

选用毛细管区带电泳分离模式,对13种市售蓝色签字笔样品字迹色痕进行了分析。当电压为15 kV、柱温为25 ℃时,以0.03 mol/L 四硼酸钠水溶液(外加10%(体积分数)的甲醇)为缓冲液,所有样品都可以得到良好的区分;依据紫外区检测结果,样品可以分为三大类、五小类;依据可见区检测结果,样品可以分为四类;两种分析结果相结合有助于增大不同样品之间的区分度;选择3种样品进行暗处保存老化制样,根据字迹中色料成分相对含量的变化,对字迹的相对形成时间进行了初步探讨。研究还发现纸张类型对于上述研究结果无影响。     

水热法制备纳米ZnS的光催化性能研究

采用水热法制备了结晶良好的ZnS纳米粒子,通过XRD、FT-IR、TEM、UV-Vis DRS等手段对所合成的ZnS粉体的结构、粒度和理化性能进行表征,并以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,评价了ZnS粉体在紫外光和可见光下的光催化性能。研究结果表明,水热法制备的纳米ZnS为典型的六方晶系,粒径大致为10～20 nm,不论是在紫外光或可见光下对亚甲基蓝均具有优异的脱色率,呈现出良好的光催化性能。     

无 氧 条 件 下ＴｉＯ２ 薄 膜 界 面 光 催 化 反 应 的ＸＰＳ 研 究

设计利用X射线光电子能谱仪的高真空系统作为无氧条件下光催化反应和分析的场所,研究真空无氧环境和大气有氧环境中紫外光激发TiO2薄膜表面的光催化反应,并对无氧条件下TiO2薄膜降解亚甲基蓝进行初步探索.结果表明,在大气有氧和真空无氧条件下TiO2薄膜经紫外光照后,表面的化学组成和化学状态均发生了变化;在有氧环境中TiO2薄膜表面氧含量增加,而在无氧环境中TiO2薄膜表面氧含量减少.TiO2薄膜表面的吸附氧是维持无氧条件下光催化反应的重要原因,增加薄膜表面吸附氧的含量能提高TiO2薄膜在无氧环境中的催化活性.此外,无氧条件下TiO2薄膜降解亚甲基蓝光催化反应过程中,亚甲基蓝分子只是脱去了某个含氮的基团,生成了中间产物,而并没有完全降解.     

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的聚亚甲基蓝/单壁碳纳米管修饰电极差分脉冲伏安法检测

研究了聚亚甲基蓝/单壁碳纳米管修饰电极的制备、电化学性质,采用差分脉冲伏安法成功应用于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)的测定.在实验条件下,该修饰电极对NADH氧化具有很好的电催化作用,NADH浓度在2.0～500靘oL/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.6 靘ol/L,结果令人满意.     

Facile preparation of hierarchically porous carbon using diatomite as both template and catalyst and methylene blue adsorption of carbon products

Hierarchically porous carbons were prepared using a facile preparation method in which diatomite was utilized as both template and catalyst. The porous structures of the carbon products and their formation mechanisms were investigated. The macroporosity and microporosity of the diatomite-templated carbons were derived from replication of diatom shell and structure-reconfiguration of the carbon film, respectively. The macroporosity of carbons was strongly dependent on the original morphology of the diatomite template. The macroporous structure composed of carbon plates connected by the pillar- and tube-like macropores resulted from the replication of the central and edge pores of the diatom shells with disk-shaped morphology, respectively. And another macroporous carbon tubes were also replicated from canoe-shaped diatom shells. The acidity of diatomite dramatically affected the porosity of the carbons, more acid sites of diatomite template resulted in higher surface area and pore volume of the carbon products. The diatomite-templated carbons exhibited higher adsorption capacity for methylene blue than the commercial activated carbon (CAC), although the specific surface area was much smaller than that of CAC, due to the hierarchical porosity of diatomite-templated carbons. And the carbons were readily reclaimed and regenerated.