多偏振飞秒激光制备彩色铁

采用四个不同偏振方向的线偏振和圆偏振态飞秒激光扫描处理金属铁表面来制备不同的彩色铁。从不同角度观察被处理区域时,线偏振扫描处理的彩色区域呈现不同的色彩,而圆偏振扫描处理的区域没有明显的颜色变化。扫描电子显微镜图片显示,线偏振激光扫描处理金属铁表面形成了nm量级的激光诱导周期表面结构,其方向始终与激光偏振方向垂直;圆偏振激光扫描处理金属铁表面形成的条纹结构不明显且有大量的纳米颗粒结构。     

Quantitative nanoscopic impedance measurements on silver-ion conducting glasses using atomic force microscopy combined with impedance spectroscopy

Nanoscopic impedance measurements were carried out on silver ion conducting glasses by coupling an impedance spectrometer with an atomic force microscope. When ac voltages were applied to a conducting AFM tip being in contact with the glass surface, silver nanoparticles were formed during the cathodic half cycle, which were not completely reoxidized in the anodic half cycle. We describe two protocols allowing for a controlled particle growth. The electrochemical oxidation/reduction processes led to low tip/sample interfacial impedances, and the formed silver particles acted as nanoelectrodes sensing the spreading resistance of the glass below the particles. We made a quantitative check of the spreading resistance formula under the assumption that spreading of the electric field is governed by the lateral diameter of the particles and found good agreement between the mean value of the local conductivities obtained at different tip positions and the macroscopic conductivity.     

Effect of Fe-doping on the structural,morphological and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion process

The effect of Fe-doping on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by simple solution combustion process are reported. The powder XRD pattern indicates that the Fe-doped ZnO samples exhibit primary and secondary phases. The primary phase indicates the hexagonal wurtzite structure with the average crystalline size of around 25–50 nm and the secondary phase is associated with the face centered cubic structure of magnetite iron oxide. The elemental composition of pure and Fe-doped samples are evaluvated by EDX. The results of FE-SEM and HR-TEM cleary show that particles morphology have changed with respect to the incorporation of doping agent and particles are in aggregating nature. The vibrational properties of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are investigated by Raman scattering technique and it exhibits that the influence of Fe-doping significantly modify the lattice vibrational characteristics in ZnO sites. The optical properties of the Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles are carried out by UV–vis absorption and PL spectra. The results of PL spectra show the near-band edge related emission as well as strong blue emissions in the Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles.     

Preparation of Ultrafine Colloidal Gold Particles using a Bioactive Molecule

Synthesis of nanometer-sized particles with new physical properties is an area of tremendous interest. In metal particles, the changes in size modify the electron density in the particles, which shifts the plasmon band. The most significant size effects occur when the particles are ultrafine (size is <10 nm). Thus the synthesis of ultrafine metal particles is enormously important to exploit their unique and selective application. Here we report a novel method for the synthesis of ultrafine gold particles in the size range of 0.5–3 nm using dopamine hydrochloride (dhc), an important neurotransmitter. This is the first time where such an important bioactive molecule like dhc has been used as a reagent for the transformation of Au(III) to Au(0). The synthesis is carried out, for the first time, either in simple aqueous or in a nonionic micellar (for example Triton X-100 (TX-100)) medium. The gold sol has a beautiful yellow–brown color showing _max at 470 nm. The appearance of the absorption peak at substantially shorter wavelength (usually gold sol absorbs at 520 nm) indicates that the particles are very small. The method discussed here is very simple, reproducible and does not involve any reagent, which contains 'P' or 'S' atoms. Also in this case no polymer or dendrimer or thiol-related stabilizer is used. The effects of different parameters (such as the presence or absence of O₂, temperature, TX-100 concentration and dhc concentration) on the formation of ultrafine gold particles are discussed. The effects of 3-mercapto propionic acid and pyridine on the ultrafine gold sol are also studied and compared with those on photochemically prepared gold sol. It is observed that 3-mercapto propionic acid dampens the plasmon absorption at 470 nm of ultrafine gold particles. Pyridine, on the other hand, has no effect on the particles.     

Sonochemical synthesis of carbon supported Sn nanoparticles and its electrochemical application

A sonochemical approach was employed to prepare Vulcan carbon XC-72R supported by Sn nanoparticles at room temperature in the presence of ethylene glycol. The reduction of metallic Sn ion and ethylene glycol takes place and in turn the glycolate ion as formed acts as a stabilizing agent. Transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have illustrated that the metallic Sn nanoparticles are successfully embedded on the carbon. The significantly observed reduction over potential for oxygen reduction reaction displays a higher catalytic activity of carbon supported by Sn nanoparticles due to the large surface area of the modified electrode.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定砂金中金,银

本文研究了用王水溶解砂金样品，在１％王水介质中，使银生成氯化银沉淀与金定量分离。滤液控制１％王水介质用以测定金。沉淀用５％热硫有脲溶解，控制为１％硫脲介质用以测定银。利用本方法测定了砂金样品中金和银得到了满意结果。金的回收率为９９．６％－１００．８％，银的回收率为９７．２－９９．２％。     

Collision-induced fragmentation and neutralization of methanol cluster cations

This contribution addresses the inelastic interaction of positively charged molecular cluster ions with a solid surface at kinetic energies up to 30 eV/molecule. We report experimental results on the scattering of mass-selected, protonated methanol cluster cations (CH₃OH)_nH⁺, n = 4-32, off a diamond-coated silicon surface. In particular we provide fragment size distributions of methanol cluster ions following their impact on the target, as well as surface-induced neutralization probabilities of methanol cluster ions as a function of the size and the kinetic energy of the parent clusters. Received 30 November 2000     

Stress state of silver nanoparticles embedded in a silicate glass matrix investigated by HREM and EXAFS spectroscopy

Ag particles of 3.9 and 5.1 nm mean size in silicate glasses were produced by ion exchange and subsequent annealing at 480 and 600 ^°C. These thermal treatments may induce stresses in matrix and particles in addition to the well known effect of surface atoms because of the thermal expansion mismatch of both materials. Structural characterisation of the particles by high-resolution electron microscopy revealed a size-dependent lattice dilatation quite opposite to the so far observed lattice contraction of similar metal/glass composites. This result, confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ag K-edge, is discussed in terms of an Ag-Ag bond length increase near the particle surface. The temperature-dependent EXAFS spectra (10-300 K) indicate an increased thermal expansion coefficient of the particles with an increased mean particle size calculated on the basis of an anharmonic Einstein model. With that the bond length increase can be explained. The results can be interpreted by a combination of both the particle size effects and the influence of the surrounding matrix. Received 30 November 2000     

掺杂香豆素6的杂化纳米颗粒的制备及荧光性能研究(英文)

采用一种再沉淀-封装法制备了掺杂香豆素6(C6)的杂化荧光纳米颗粒,并通过SEM和DLS对其进行了形貌和粒径大小表征。在450 nm光激发下,制备的C6掺杂纳米颗粒表现出绿色荧光。通过比较光致发光光谱随掺杂浓度的变化,得出C6掺杂纳米颗粒的浓度猝灭是因为分子间能量转移而非C6分子聚集所致。另外,由于所选聚合物基质材料PS和PMMA分子结构的区别,导致PS-基质和PMMA-基质的纳米颗粒的光谱形状不同。C 6分子在PS-基质的纳米颗粒中处于两种不同的微环境,所以发射峰较宽;PMMA是线性分子,PMMA-基质的纳米颗粒中只存在一种局域环境,所以发射峰较窄。高的掺杂浓度会超过纳米颗粒对C6分子的负载能力,从而导致C6分子在水溶液中聚集。     

Interplay between out-of-plane magnetic plasmon and lattice resonance for modified resonance lineshape and near-field enhancement in double nanoparticles array

Two-dimensional double nanoparticle （DNP） arrays are demonstrated theoretically, supporting the interaction between out-of-plane magnetic plasmons and in-plane lattice resonances, which can be achieved by tuning the nanoparticle height or the array period due to the height-dependent magnetic resonance and the periodicity-dependent lattice resonance. The interplay between the two plasmon modes can lead to a remarkable change in resonance lineshape and an improvement on magnetic field enhancement. Simultaneous electric field and magnetic field enhancement can be obtained in the gap region between neighboring particles at two resonance frequencies as the interplay occurs, which presents “open” cavities as electromagnetic field hot spots for potential applications on detection and sensing. The results not only offer an attractive way to tune the optical responses of plasmonic nanostructure, but also provide further insight into the plasmon interactions in periodic nanostructure or metamaterials comprising multiple elements.