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91.
Santosh B. Rahane Andrew T. Metters S. Michael Kilbey II 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(7):1586-1593
A kinetic model developed to investigate surface‐initiated photoiniferter‐mediated photopolymerization (SI‐PMP) and parameterized using experimental thickness data from SI‐PMP of methyl methacrylate is used to examine chain extension by reinitiation. Specifically, the effects of light intensity, concentration of an added deactivator, tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TED), and initial photoiniferter (PI) concentration on the reinitiation ability of surface‐tethered PMMA layers is examined in detail. The simulations show that while increases in [TED] and decreases in light intensity affect overall rates of PMMA layer growth in a similar fashion, their effect on reinitiation ability of PMMA layers is significantly different: reinitiation ability increases with increasing [TED] but it is not improved by decreases in light intensity. Simulations also suggest that polymer layers synthesized in the presence of TED have a greater tendency to form surface‐tethered block copolymers upon reinitiation compared with polymer layers synthesized without TED and at lower light intensity. While both [PI] and [TED] affect the reinitiation ability, the effect of [TED] on reinitiation ability is identical at a given [TED]/[PI] ratio for all PI and TED concentrations tested. These findings obtained from the rate‐based model are instrumental in delineating strategies for creating tethered block copolymer layers or mixed brushes by SI‐PMP. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1586–1593, 2010 相似文献
92.
目的 对比受试者在平地常速行走过程中,不同鞋底厚度的运动鞋对高中生的步态参数产生的影响,受试者穿着不同鞋底厚度的运动鞋进行训练,探究鞋底厚度对高中生下肢爆发力的影响。方法 以24名在校的男性高中生为研究对象,随机分成4组,穿着鞋底厚度为0、1、2、3 cm的运动鞋在平地上行走并测试步态参数,穿着上述4种不同鞋底厚度的运动鞋经过为期8周的体育专项课训练后测试立定跳远和下蹲跳的动力学指标,并对步态参数和下蹲跳的动力学指标采用单因素方差分析进行统计分析。结果 运动鞋鞋底厚度在1~3 cm区内受试者的步态周期更大,步长、步周长、步速和步频均小于穿着鞋底厚度0 cm的运动鞋的受试者,鞋底厚度0 cm组的步速和步频均最快分别为(1.42±0.08) m/s、(1.75±0.03) m, 3 cm鞋底的运动鞋的步速和步频均最慢分别为(1.13±0.02) m/s、(1.49±0.04) m,过8周训练后,穿3 cm厚度的运动鞋实验后对立定跳远成绩的增幅达到0.14 m,增幅最大,下蹲跳的动力学指标的提升效果显著高于鞋底厚度0 cm组。结论 运动员穿着平底运动鞋在平地行走时更为稳定,能够降低运动中的风险,穿着厚底运动鞋在训练过程中激活了更多的肌肉纤维,对提升运动员下肢爆发力的效果更为显著,穿着鞋底厚度0 cm的运动鞋对运动员的提升效果无明显优势。 相似文献
93.
针对学生学习目标达成度低、思辨与创新意识不够、解决复杂问题能力不强等“痛点”问题,结合课程本身难度大的特点,对金属有机化学课程实施创新教学探索。以“新工科”建设为指导,以学生为中心,以核心素养培养为目标进行课程改革与实践探索:基于金属有机化学课程核心素养的要求,建构了以“明·思·辨”为必备品质和解决金属有机化学复杂问题为关键能力的目标体系,建构了承载教学目标的分层/分阶段的教学内容,并开发了丰富多元的资源体系;建构了以能力为导向的线上线下、课内课外混合式教学模式;建立了以教学目标为导向的多元评价体系。教学创新与实践探索达成了预期的目标,收到了良好的教学效果。 相似文献
94.
双元创新是企业在激烈竞争的市场环境中保持领先的关键,是企业持续发展和壮大的重要驱动力。本文以高管团队行为整合、双元创新、组织能力和批判性反思为自变量、因变量、中介变量和调节变量,以209家高新技术企业为实证研究样本,通过理论分析与实证研究,揭示了高管团队行为整合对双元创新的影响,以及组织能力的中介作用和批判性反思的调节作用。研究结果表明:高管团队行为整合对双元创新有显著的正向作用,适应能力仅在高管团队行为整合与突破性创新之间起完全中介作用,协调能力在高管团队与双元创新之间起部分中介作用。批判性反思在高管团队行为整合与双元创新之间起正向调节作用。本研究丰富了双元创新理论研究,从高管团队行为整合视角入手,探究了双元创新的可实现性。实证结果为双元创新的可实现性提供了证据支持,也为企业高管实施双元创新提供了理论指导。 相似文献
95.
Lamination Design Optimization for Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites of Variable Thicknesses北大核心CSCD
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由于具备高的比强度、比刚度,利用连续纤维增强复合材料代替传统金属材料以实现结构轻量化正受到设计者们的广泛关注。然而,结构的复杂性给复合材料的铺层设计与优化带来了很大的挑战。针对航空用复合材料铺层设计约束多的问题,通过逐步构建设计变量准确表达结构的铺层信息。基于经典遗传算法框架,结合各设计变量特点,定义了铺层优化算法中的遗传算子,通过引入“修复”策略保证了每一代解都能满足设计约束,分布在可行域区间内。最后利用精英保留策略提高了算法的局部寻优能力,可以降低复杂复合材料结构铺层设计的计算成本。通过解决经典benchmark问题并与已有优化结果的比较,验证了前述铺层优化算法的全局、局部寻优能力,为工程实际中的复合材料铺层设计优化提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
96.
97.
通过3,3′-((乙烷-1,2-二基双(2-甲基吡啶杂氮二基)双(亚甲基))双(2-羟基-5-甲基苯甲醛)与2-羟基-1,3-丙二胺的缩合反应得到一种具有双吡啶悬臂的双核锰配合物。通过X射线单晶衍射确定了该配合物结构,结果显示其分子式为[Mn2(C37H43N6O6)]·(ClO4)2。该配合物属于单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.096 50(19) nm, b=1.419 5(3) nm, c=3.109 4(5) nm, β=108.153(5)°。进一步分析表明两个二价锰离子分别与(Namine)2(Nimine)2O3和(Nimine)2O4体系配位,它们与配位原子形成的几何构型分别是十面体和扭曲的八面体。两个中心锰离子距离为0.331 6 nm,由酚氧原子和醋酸根共同桥联。另外,本文也利用伏安法和黏度法对该配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的结合能力进行研究,实验结果表明它们之间的结合方式为弱的插入作用。 相似文献
98.
选择柔性热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为原料制备实验试样。基于面心立方层级结构,改变结构的直梁样式、间距,并将蜂窝结构层引入结构中,通过实验和有限元分析,研究层级结构在准静态加载下的变形模式和吸能特性。实验结果与有限元分析得到的载荷-位移曲线吻合较好。结果表明:与初始面心立方层级结构相比,增大直梁的振幅,调整直梁间距为2 mm,即增加塑性铰个数时,又或将蜂窝结构层引入层级结构,可以大幅提高层级结构的能量吸收性能;减小间距、增多塑性铰数目对改善层级结构吸能能力的效果最优;D-1构型与M-1构型相比,比吸能提高了46%;调整塑性铰位置时,层级结构会发生屈曲,不利于层级结构的能量吸收;与M-1构型相比,D-2和D-3构型的比吸能分别降低了27%和34%。
相似文献99.
Indah Raya Supat Chupradit Mustafa M Kadhim Mustafa Z Mahmoud Abduladheem Turki Jalil Aravindhan Surendar Sukaina Tuama Ghafel Yasser Fakri Mustafa Alexander N Bochvar 《中国物理 B》2022,31(1):16401-016401
This work aimed to tune the comprehensive properties of Fe-P-C-based amorphous system through investigating the role of microalloying process on the crystallization behavior,glass forming ability(GFA),soft magnetic features,and mechanical properties.Considering minor addition of elements into the system,it was found that the simultaneous microalloying of Ni and Co leads to the highest GFA,which was due to the optimization of compositional heterogeneity and creation of near-eutectic composition.Moreover,the FeCoNiCuPC amorphous alloy exhibited the best anelastic/viscoplastic behavior under the nanoindentation test,which was owing to the intensified structural fluctuations in the system.However,the improved plasticity by the extra Cu addition comes at the expense of magnetic properties,so that the saturation magnetization of this alloying system is significantly decreased compared to the FeCoPC amorphous alloy with the highest soft magnetic properties.In total,the results indicated that a combination of added elemental constitutes,i.e.,Fe69Co5Ni5Cu1P13C7 composition,provides an optimized state for the comprehensive properties in the alloying system. 相似文献
100.
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the most promising alternatives to traditional fossil energy because of their advantages of low production cost, facile structure, relatively low environmental impact, relatively high photoelectronic absorption efficiency, and overall high efficiency. In addition, several studies on sensitizers as vital components have been conducted over the last three decades. Compared to metal dyes, metal-free organic dyes have been considered as promising candidates because of their simple fabrication, multiple structures, high molar absorption coefficients, easily tunable properties, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we systematically investigated the optoelectronic properties of six metal-free organic donor-acceptor dyes (RD1–6) derived from the known dye R6 by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT methods. Cell performance parameters were discussed, including the geometrical and electronic structures, absorption spectrum, adsorption energy, light harvesting efficiency (LHE) curve, predictive short circuit current density (JscPred.), predictive open circuit voltage (VocPred.), and theoretical power conversion efficiency (PCE). Results revealed that all the designed dyes exhibited high theoretical PCE. In particular, dyes RD1, 2, and 4–6 showed greater conjugations, and dyes RD1–3 had smaller energy gaps than those of the reference dye. In addition, dyes RD1–3, 5, and 6 exhibited better light harvesting capacities that covered the entire visible region and extended to the near-infrared region with obviously red-shift maximum absorption wavelengths (λmax), wider LHE curves, and higher JscPred. as compared to the reference dye. It was critical that dyes RD1 and 2 not only have greater conjugations and narrow band gaps but also good light harvesting capacities with more than 56-nm red-shift maximum absorption wavelengths and broadened LHE curves than those of the reference dye. Notably, mainly because of an average increment of 12.0% of JscPred., a remarkable increment of the theoretical power conversion efficiency was observed from 12.6% for dye R6 to 14.1% for dyes RD1 and 2. Thus, dyes RD1 and 2 exhibited superior cell performances and could be promising sensitizer candidates for highly efficient DSSCs. These results could be used to guide effective synthetic efforts in the discovery of efficient metal-free organic dye sensitizers in DSSCs. 相似文献