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991.
利用X衍射(300, 270, 250 K)和中子衍射(300, 260, 250, 240 K)研究D-氨酸单晶在静态的和动力学的变温过程中的结构特征以及考证Salam预言的由D到L构型转变的可能性. 实验发现丙氨酸晶体的空间群P212121对称性没有改变. 实验结果否定了构型相变的可能,但是发现在~250 K有一个微小的、连续的对称性破缺发生. 晶体分子振动产生的环电流模型可以用来解释D-和L-丙氨酸单晶直流磁化率和天然旋光角相反的现象, 与之相关的中子衍射数据进一步揭示了变温过程中αC-H(2), N-H(1), N-H(4), N-H(6) 键长的不同变化. 中子衍射还显示了质子移动所导致的动力学无序,来源于分子内氨基和羧基形成的氢键和分子间αC-H和氨基形成的氢键,从而产生的晶格扭曲和NH3+的扭转. 实验结果表明Salam预言相变不是传统意义的结构相变,而是由于温度效应导致了在相变点附近分子的宇称破缺能差(PVED)增大,然后通过氨基酸分子的隧道效应扩大了宇称破缺能差的影响,这一研究为生命现象中快速的均一手性形成提供了非线性机理的合理解释. 相似文献
992.
993.
在组成为15Li2O-15Nb2O5-70TeO2-0.1Er2O3-0.4Yb2O3(%, 摩尔分数)的碲酸盐玻璃基础上, 采用两步热处理法制备了透明的含纳米晶颗粒碲酸盐玻璃陶瓷. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明, 玻璃陶瓷中的晶体颗粒组成为Yb6Te5O19.2或Er6Te5O19.2, 晶粒尺寸约为55 nm. 根据Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Er^3+离子在基质玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的光谱参数Ωt(t=2, 4, 6)以及Er^3+:4I15/2→4I13/2跃迁自发辐射几率, 根据McCumber理论计算了Er^3+:4I13/2→4I15/2跃迁的发射截面. 测试了基质玻璃和玻璃陶瓷的拉曼光谱, 对比研究了铒离子在基质玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中1.5 μm处荧光和上转换光谱特性. 相似文献
994.
Different stationary phases were prepared by mixing a series of inorganic salts with dimethylsiloxane polymer (SE-30) and then tested by capillary gas chromatography. It was demonstrated that the polarity (as evaluated by measurement of Rohrschneider constants) of the mixed stationary phases, which is inferior or equal to that of a medium-polar OV-25 phases, reached even lower values than SE-30 alone. The influence of NaF, NaCl, NaBr, AgNO3, and other inorganic salts on the polarity of capillaries is reflected by a better resolution and shorter retention time of cis/trans isomers of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES) as well as positional isomers of triglycerides. 相似文献
995.
As an extention of previous reports, variables affecting the performance of columns modified by silicon deposition have been optimized. The aim of this work was to produce thermostable apolar glass capillary columns regardless of the glass type used and to maintain column performance under stressful conditions. The main parameters studied were the influence of glass type, leaching effects, and silicon layer thickness on column activity. Deactivation and stationary phase conditions were held constant. Both coated and uncoated columns were tested. The thickness of the silicon layer was found to be relatively unimportant. There was no difference whether soft glass or borosiiicate glass was used and leaching before silicon deposition did not influence column activity. Bare silicon surfaces showed considerable activity especially in respect to interactions with free acids and bases. There are indications that the surface consists of silicon oxide and other oxygenated forms of silicon rather than of the element. Treatment of the silicon layers with dilute hydrofluoric acid and the strict exclusion of traces of oxygen and water did not improve the situation. In spite of such specific interactions, silicon surfaces were easily deactivated by heat treatment with polysiloxanes. Silicon surfaces deactivated by baking with octamethyltetrasiloxane at 400°C are inert and temperature stable and show characteristics similar to persilylated surfaces. 相似文献
996.
997.
Junli Wang Dr. Qing Yang Prof. Zude Zhang Shouheng Sun Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(26):7916-7924
Transition‐metal phosphide nanowires were facilely synthesized by Ullmann‐type reactions between transition metals and triphenylphosphine in vacuum‐sealed tubes at 350–400 °C. The phase (stoichiometry) of the phosphide products is controllable by tuning the metal/PPh3 molar ratio and concentration, reaction temperature and time, and heating rate. Six classes of iron, cobalt, and nickel phosphide (Fe2P, FeP, Co2P, CoP, Ni2P, and NiP2) nanostructures were prepared to demonstrate the general applicability of this new method. The resulting phosphide nanostructures exhibit interesting phase‐ and composition‐dependent magnetic properties, and magnetic measurements suggested that the Co2P nanowires with anti‐PbCl2 structure show a ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition at 6 K, while the MnP‐structured CoP nanowires are paramagnetic with Curie–Weiss behavior. Moreover, GC‐MS analyses of organic byproducts of the reaction revealed that thermally generated phenyl radicals promoted the formation of transition‐metal phosphides under synthetic conditions. Our work offers a general method for preparing one‐dimensional nanoscale transition‐metal phosphides that are promising for magnetic and electronic applications. 相似文献
998.
Four transition metal(II) complexes with podophyllic acid hydrazide (HL) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis,
complexometric titration, thermal analysis, conductivity, IR, and 1H NMR. The complexes have the general formula ML2 · nH2O, where M = Zn, Cu, Co, and Ni, n = 2 or 0. Anti-tumor activities of podophyllotoxin, HL, ZnL2 · 2H2O, and NiL2 were tested by both the MTT and the SRB method. The results show that the activities of the complexes against the tumor cells
tested are superior to HL and the anti-tumor activity of NiL2 is even similar to that of podophyllotoxin. 相似文献
999.
X. -C. Lv Z. -C. Tan X. -H. Gao Q. Shi L. -X. Sun 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2009,95(2):387-392
A complex of neodymium perchloric acid coordinated with L-glutamic acid and imidazole, [Nd(Glu)(H2O)5(Im)3](ClO4)6·2H2O was synthesized and characterized by IR and elements analysis for the first time. The thermodynamic properties of the complex
were studied with an automatic adiabatic calorimeter and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Glass transition and phase
transition were discovered at 221.83 and 245.45 K, respectively. The glass transition was interpreted as a freezing-in phenomenon
of the reorientational motion of ClO4− ions and the phase transition was attributed to the orientational order/disorder process of ClO4− ions. The heat capacities of the complex were measured with the automatic adiabatic calorimeter and the thermodynamic functions
[H
T-H
298.15] and [S
T-S
298.15] were derived in the temperature range from 80 to 390 K with temperature interval of 5 K. Thermal decomposition behavior
of the complex in nitrogen atmosphere was studied by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC). 相似文献
1000.
Dongfang Zhang 《Journal of mathematical chemistry》2009,46(2):576-585
The electronic transitions and excited-state fragmentation of hydrogen iodide have been studied within the A-band continuum.
The extinction intensity for the excitations from the ground to the low-lying electronic states are derived by performing
the wave packet simulations of nuclear dynamics in this study. The quantum yields of the spin-excited I* product at the different photon energies are determined as well. The results suggest that the possibility of intersystem
crossing can be neglected. Employing the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), the four highest occupied and the
two lowest unoccupied orbitals of hydrogen iodide have been analyzed, and the transition to the state is found to be most probable in the first absorption band. 相似文献