超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定银杏叶提取物及其制剂中银杏酸

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱测定银杏叶提取物及其制剂中银杏酸的方法。采用Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18色谱柱(50 mm×3.0 mm, 2.7 μ m),以甲醇-1%冰醋酸溶液(90 : 10, v/v)为流动相,在电喷雾离子化负离子模式下,以多反应监测方式(MRM)检测。银杏酸C13 : 0、C15 : 1、C17 : 1在2~200 μ g/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999;在5、20和100 μ g/L加标水平下的平均加样回收率为86.3%~114.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.5%~13.6%;检出限为0.003~0.08 μ g/g,定量限为0.01~0.19 μ g/g。本方法已应用于实际样品的测定。     

双定性双定量相似度法评价银杏达莫注射液的高效液相色谱指纹图谱

建立了色谱指纹图谱的双定性双定量相似度评价法,并应用于银杏达莫注射液的高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹图谱的评价。采用反相HPLC,以芦丁为参照物峰,确定了41个共有峰,建立了银杏达莫注射液的对照指纹图谱。以双定性相似度S和S′、双定量相似度C和P评价银杏达莫注射液的HPLC指纹图谱,分别考察在大峰缺失和小峰缺失两种情况下,4个相似度指标的变化特征。S能反映化学成分的分布比例,受大峰影响严重,无法反映小峰的丢失; S′对所有指纹峰等权,反映小峰缺失灵敏,二者构成双定性相似度。C能反映样品共有峰的总体含量,但受大峰影响严重,无法反映小峰的缺失; P对所有峰积分值等权,能较好地反映小峰的变动,二者构成双定量相似度。因此,由S与S′、C与P构成的双定性双定量相似度法能同时监测大峰和小峰的变动与缺失,能准确地解决色谱指纹图谱的宏观定性和定量评价问题。同时还提出了方向余弦作为对照指纹图谱的特征指纹的概念和分解相似度的概念,以此考察了各指纹峰对相似度贡献的大小及其在不同程度缺失时4种相似度的变化情况。所建立的HPLC对照指纹图谱可用于银杏达莫注射液的质量控制。     

Target profiling of flavonol glycosides in the extract of Ginkgo biloba leaf and their pharmacokinetics in rat plasma by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

The extract of Ginkgo biloba leaf is a popular herbal product or dietary supplement in the world to treat various diseases, and flavonol glycosides are considered as the main bioactive constituents. In this study, 37 flavonol glycosides were rapidly screened out by precursor ion scanning in positive ion mode with production ions at m/z 287.05, 303.05, and 317.06. Subsequently, a reliable and sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry approach was established and validated to quantify the 20 prototype flavonol glycosides in rat plasma. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R² ≥ 0.9894) over the corresponding concentration range. The precision, accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability were also satisfactory. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of prototype flavonol glycosides in rat after oral administration of the extract of G. biloba leaf. As a result, the T_max of flavonol glycosides was short at 0.11–0.60 h. Quercetin-3-O-(2“,6″-di-O-rhamnosyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-(2′',6′'-di-O-rhamnosyl)-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin- 3-O-glucosyl-(1-2)-O-rhamnoside, and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside presented relatively high systemic exposure levels with AUC_0-∞ > 500 μg h/L and C_max > 100 μg/L. This study would provide the valuable information for further scientific research and clinical application of the extract of G. biloba leaf.     

银杏黄酮苷的不同提取精制方法比较

探讨了溶剂萃取和树脂吸附精制银杏黄酮苷的机理，比较了溶剂萃取法和树脂吸附法提取精制银杏叶中黄酮苷的方法．结果表明，树脂吸附精制银杏黄酮苷优于溶剂萃取精制．溶剂萃取和树脂吸附精制的提取物，其总黄酮苷含量分别为２８．１４％和３５．１１％，产率分别为１．９０％和１．６７％．     

槲皮素与桑色素ESI-MS裂解行为的比较分析

运用量子化学方法辅助解析并比较槲皮素与桑色素在电喷雾离子阱质谱(ESI-MS)负离子模式下的裂解行为。依据密度泛函理论(Density functional theory,DFT),在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平,对槲皮素与桑色素的分子空间构型进行优化,确定稳定的几何构型与去质子化位点,在RB3LYP/6-31+G(2d,2p)水平,计算相对碎裂电压下的二级质谱中碎片离子处于稳定状态时的能量,通过比较准分子离子稳定构型并结合基组重叠误差(Basis set superposition error,BSSE)校正后的键解离能(Bond dissociation energy,BDE),推导了质谱碎裂过程。结果显示:槲皮素的稳定构型为A,B,C环处于同一平面,桑色素上的2'-OH使得B环与AC环之间翻转一定角度,二面角D(1,2,1',6')为-134.662 4°。槲皮素与桑色素的质谱裂解过程主要通过C环跨环裂解产生,且具有多种开裂方式,开裂先后顺序为:1,2开裂、0,2开裂、1,3开裂、1,4开裂与0,4开裂,分别生成碎片离子1,2A-,0,2A-,1,3A-,1,4A-与0,4A-,并逐步进行后续裂解,而2'-OH的存在促进了桑色素的裂解。该研究为进一步揭示黄酮醇类化合物的质谱裂解规律提供了理论依据。     

7-羟基黄酮醇和7-羟基黄烷酮及其衍生物的合成

从2-羟基-4-甲氧甲氧基苯乙酮和3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛出发,通过醛酮缩合、环化、Algar-Flynn-Oyamada反应、脱保护基、异戊烯基化反应等步骤,合成了5个未见文献报道的7-羟基黄酮醇和7-羟基黄烷酮及其衍生物,总收率22%~36%。其结构经1HNMR,13CNMR,IR和MS确证。     

薄层扫描法测定银杏外种皮中白果酸含量

报道了一种简单、灵敏、准确测定银杏外种皮中白果酸含量的方法——薄层色谱扫描法。线性范围为1．0～5．0μg／点，纯品的相对标准偏差为1．29％(n=6)，平均回收率为99．7%，方法简便、重现性好。     

Chemical Components of Helicia nilagirica Beed.I.Structure of Three New Flavonol Glycosides

Helicia nilagirica Beed. belongs to the plant of Proteaceae family. The seeds of the plant is for treatment of insomnia and neurasthenia in Jingpo nationality in Yunnan Province1. Helicid and helicidol were isolated from the seeds of the plant2,3, and the helicid was recorded in the Yunnan Pharmacopoea at the 1987 edition. The chemical constituents of the leaves of this plant has not been reported yet in the literature. This paper is concerning the study of the chemical component of the…     

山奈甲黄素-3,7-二-O-多取代黄酮苷的串联质谱研究

利用电喷雾串联质谱研究了几种从狗枣猕猴桃叶中提取得到的糖基取代山奈甲黄素的碎裂规律. 结果表明, 由于碎裂规律不同, 3,7-二-O-取代山奈甲黄素能够和3-O或者7-O单取代山奈甲黄素区分: 单取代山奈甲黄素主要失去取代糖基生成黄酮苷元的碎片, 而3,7-二-O-取代黄酮主要失去某一处取代糖基生成相应的碎片离子([ ]^－和[ ]^－), 而难观察到所有取代糖基都失去的黄酮苷元碎片离子. 并且由于[ ]^－和[ ]^－离子的进一步碎裂方式不同, 很容易将其区分开, 从而确定不同糖基的取代位置.     

A novel dimeric flavonol glycoside from Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum

A novel dimeric flavonol glycoside, Cynanflavoside A (1), together with six analogues, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), and quercetin-3-O-galactoside (7) were isolated from the n-butyl alcohol extract of Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum. Their structures were determined spectroscopically and compared with previously reported spectral data. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-complementary activity in vitro, and only compound 5 exhibited anti-complement effects with CH₅₀ value of 0.33 mM.