消化性溃疡急性出血120例处理体会

消化性溃疡最常见的并发症是出血，总结了消化性溃疡并急性出血住院病例１２０例处理体会，采用内镜下止血治疗，效果良好。     

柑桔溃疡菌的共振散射光谱

研究了柑桔溃疡菌的共振散射光谱,在330、425、465和695 nm产生四个共振散射峰.当激发波长为330 nm （9.09×1014 Hz）时,溃疡菌溶液在330 nm（9.09×1014 Hz）、660 nm（1/2×9.09×1014 Hz）和990 nm（1/3×9.09×1014 Hz）分别产生一共振散射峰和1/2、1/3两个分频散射峰;当激发波长为465 nm（6.45×1014 Hz）时,在456 nm(6.45×1014 Hz)和930 nm(1/2×6.45×1014 Hz)分别产生一个共振散射峰和一个1/2分频射峰; 当激发波长为930 nm(3.23×1014 Hz)时,在930 nm (3.23×1014 Hz)、620 nm(3/2×3.23×1014 Hz)、465 nm(2×3.23×1014 Hz) 和310 nm (3×3.23×1014 Hz)分别产生一个共振散射峰,一个3/2分频共振散射峰,一个2倍频共振散射峰和一个3倍频共振散射峰.柑桔溃疡菌是一种非线性散射光学介质.分频散射和倍频散射峰与共振散射峰具有相似的散射行为.     

Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy with Immune‐Adjuvant Liposomal Complexes for Effective Gastric Cancer Therapy

A diagnosis and therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer is developed herein by combining thermosensitive liposomal (TSL)‐based photothermal/photodynamics therapy (PTT/PDT) with chemotherapy and adjuvant immunotherapy. IR820, a photothermal agent, paclitaxel (PTX), an antitumor drug, and imiquimod (R837), a Toll‐like‐receptor‐7 agonist, are coencapsulated into a TSL drug delivery system. These formed PTX‐R837‐IR820@TSL complexes exhibit excellent optical properties, good dispersibility, and stability. Under NIR light irradiation, the measurement of singlet oxygen production and thermal efficiency indicate promising potential of PTX‐R837‐IR820@TSL complexes for PTT and PDT. Confocal microscopy and small animal NIR imaging demonstrate tumor targeting ability of the liposomal complexes to gastric cancer cells. In vitro cell viability assays and in vivo animal experiments show prominent antitumor efficiency of PTX‐R837‐IR820@TSL complexes upon NIR light irradiation. This excellent therapeutic efficacy is attributed to the simultaneous chemotherapy and PTT/PDT. Furthermore, the liposomal complexes under NIR irradiation would ablate tumors to generate a pool of tumor‐associated antigens, which is able to promote strong antitumor immune responses in the presence of those R837‐containing liposomal complexes acted as adjuvant. These results indicate that the multifunctional liposomal complexes could realize a remarkable synergistic therapeutic outcome in gastric carcinoma.     

养殖大黄鱼溃疡病的病原菌及其防治药物

研究了浙江省沿海网箱养殖大黄鱼溃疡病病原菌的生物学特性、对化学药物和中草药的敏感性及其胞外产物活性等．从症状典型的网箱养殖患病大黄鱼体内分离到1株可疑细菌824-1,经人工感染试验证实为是引起该病的病原菌．经鉴定,菌株824-1为溶藻弧茵（Vibrio alginolyticus）．利用杯碟法研究了其胞外产物的性质,结果表明：其胞外产物具有淀粉酶、明胶酶、酪蛋白酶、卵磷脂酶、脂酶和几丁质酶活性以及溶血活性,其中以淀粉酶、明胶酶和酪蛋白酶的活性最强,但没有脲酶活性．检测了18种化学药物和15种中草药对病原菌的抑菌作用．结果表明,复方新诺明和庆大霉素等2种化学药物和石榴皮、地榆、五味子、大黄等4种中草药的抑菌能力最强,可作为防治该病的有效药物。     

利用线性结构方程式模型分析胃癌患者生存质量的影响因素

本文应用因子分析和线性结构方程式模型分析和探讨胃癌患者生存质量的影响因素。结果表明癌症患者的生理状态对心理状态有显著影响 ,对癌症患者的生存质量有影响的因素有 :病情、存活时间、年龄、手术情况、性别、营养状况。     

新型2,6-二取代嘌呤衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以2,6-二氯嘌呤为原料,对其2-位和6-位进行结构修饰,合成了8个新型2,6-二胺嘌呤类衍生物(3a~3h),其结构经¹H NMR, IR和MS（ESI）表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3h对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明: 3a, 3b, 3c, 3g具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其中3c（IC₅₀ 65.01 μmol·L^-1）对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的抑制作用最强。     

Raman spectroscopic investigations on the interactions of gastric cancer cells with 5-fluorouracil

To study the efficacy and side effects of antitumor drug by the method of Raman spectroscopy, the cancerous (SGC-7901) and normal (GES-1) gastric cells were treated with 0, 25-, 100-, and 200-mg/L 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) for 24 h, respectively, then Raman spectra of cells were recorded. The excitation wavelength was 514.5 nm and the Raman spectra in the region of 500 - 1800 cm-1 were recorded. For the gastric cancer cells, as the concentration of 5-Fu increases, the band at 1094 cm-1 attributed to the symmetric stretching vibration mode of PO2- in the DNA backbone gradually decreases, and the intensity ratio of the band at 1315 cm-1 to that at 1340 cm-1 (I1315/I1340) shows the ascending trend, and the ratio of the band area at 1655 cm-1 to that at 1450 cm-1 (A1655/A1450) shows the slight ascending trend. For the normal gastric cells, these peaks also appear changes, however, the changes are weaker than those for the cancer cells. In SGC-7901 cells, 5-Fu can interfere with the DNA synthesis and result in the reduction of the DNA content. Besides, it can affect the unsaturation degree of the hydrocarbon chains and alter the external environment of guanine and adenine residues in cancer cells. The changes of Raman spectra for normal gastric cells reveal the side effect of 5-Fu.     

Phosphoproteomic analysis identifies activated MET-axis PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK in lapatinib-resistant cancer cell line

Lapatinib, a dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) tyrosine kinases, has shown promising results as a growth inhibitor of HER2-positive cancer cells in vitro. However, similar to other EGFR-targeting drugs, acquired resistance to lapatinib by HER2-positive cancer cells remains a major clinical challenge. To elucidate resistance mechanisms to EGFR/HER2-targeting agents, we performed a systematic quantitative comparison of the phosphoproteome of lapatinib-resistant (LR) human gastric cancer cells (SNU216-LR) versus parental cells (SNU216) using a titanium dioxide (TiO₂) phosphopeptide enrichment method and analysis with a Q-Exactive hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Biological network analysis of differentially expressed phosphoproteins revealed apparent constitutive activation of the MET-axis phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/α-serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways in SNU216-LR. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in SNU216-LR also leads to cell cycle arrest, confirming the biological network analysis. Lapatinib sensitivity was restored when cells were treated with several molecular targeting agents in combination with lapatinib. Thus, by integrating phosphoproteomic data, protein networks and effects of signaling pathway modulation on cell proliferation, we found that SNU216-LR maintains constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways in a MET-dependent manner. These findings suggest that pathway activation is a key compensatory intracellular phospho-signaling event that may govern gastric cancer cell resistance to drug treatment.     

A ring-closing metathesis (RCM)-based approach to mycolactones A/B

The total synthesis of the mycobacterial toxins mycolactones A/B ( 1 a / b ) has been accomplished based on a strategy built around the construction of the mycolactone core through ring‐closing metathesis. By employing the Grubbs second‐generation catalyst, the 12‐membered core macrocycle of mycolactones, with a functionalized C2 handle attached to C11, was obtained in 60–80 % yield. The C‐linked upper side chain (comprising C12–C20) was completed by a highly efficient modified Suzuki coupling between C13 and C14, while the attachment of the C5‐O‐linked polyunsaturated acyl side chain was achieved by Yamaguchi esterification. Surprisingly, a diene containing a simple isopropyl group attached to C11 could not be induced to undergo ring‐closing metathesis. By employing fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques, the synthetic mycolactones A/B ( 1 a / b ) were demonstrated to display similar apoptosis‐inducing and cytopathic effects as mycolactones A/B extracted from Mycobacterium ulcerans. In contrast, a simplified analogue with truncated upper and lower side chains was found to be inactive.