Platinum‐Promoted Ga/Al2O3 as Highly Active,Selective, and Stable Catalyst for the Dehydrogenation of Propane

A novel catalyst material for the selective dehydrogenation of propane is presented. The catalyst consists of 1000 ppm Pt, 3 wt % Ga, and 0.25 wt % K supported on alumina. We observed a synergy between Ga and Pt, resulting in a highly active and stable catalyst. Additionally, we propose a bifunctional active phase, in which coordinately unsaturated Ga³⁺ species are the active species and where Pt functions as a promoter.     

Mechanism of Host–Guest Complex Formation and Identification of Intermediates through NMR Titration and Diffusion NMR Spectroscopy

The formation of host–guest (H‐G) complexes between 1,8‐bis[(diethylgallanyl)ethynyl]anthracene (H) and the N‐heterocycles pyridine and pyrimidine (G) was studied in solution using a combination of NMR titration and diffusion NMR experiments. For the latter, diffusion coefficients of potential host–guest structures in solution were compared with those of tailor‐made reference compounds of similar shape (synthesized and characterized by NMR, HRMS, and in part XRD). Highly dynamic behavior was observed in both cases, but with different host–guest species and equilibria. With increasing concentrations of the pyridine guest, the equilibrium H₂?H₂κ¹‐G₁?HG₂ is observed (in the second step a host dimer coordinates one guest molecule); for pyrimidine the equilibrium H₂→H₁κ²‐G₁?HG₂ is observed (the formation of a 1:1 aggregate is the second step).     

Tetracyanoquinodimethane Reduction by Complexed Guanidinyl‐Functionalized Aromatic Compounds

In this work, we report on the reduction of tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with dicationic complexes of guanidinyl‐functionalized aromatic (GFA) electron donors. In contrast to reduction with free GFAs, milder reduction conditions were achieved, and this led to semiconducting materials with extended TCNQ π stacking. The charge on the TCNQ units was estimated from the structural data obtained by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and from IR spectroscopic data. The electrical conductivity was studied and the activation energy of the semiconducting materials was estimated from the temperature dependence of the conductivity.     

中空核壳结构Ni1.2Co0.8P@N-C钠离子电池负极材料的制备及拉曼研究

本文设计制备了一种新型的氮掺杂碳包覆镍钴双金属磷化物中空核壳结构纳米立方体(Ni_1.2Co_0.8P@N-C)作为钠离子电池负极材料. 该材料以镍钴类普鲁士蓝(PBA)纳米粒子为模板,先后经水热法、磷化法和高温碳化处理后合成. 将其作为活性材料应用在钠离子电池中,该材料展现出优异的循环稳定性,当以100 mA·g^-1的电流密度循环至200圈时,该材料的库仑效率保持在99.3%. 进一步通过对不同电位下Ni_1.2Co_0.8P@N-C材料中的氮掺杂碳进行原位拉曼光谱测试,结果显示钠离子在氮掺杂的碳壳中的脱嵌行为具有较大程度的可逆性,研究结果对钠离子电池充放电过程的后续电化学研究提供了有价值的信息.     

ZIF-67 derived carbon wrapped discontinuous CoxP nanotube as anode material in high-performance Li-ion battery

Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) are prospective anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacities and low redox voltages. Herein, we report a template directing method to develop a tube-sheath hybrid composing of cobalt phosphide particles encapsulated in metal organic frameworks (MOFs) derived N-doped carbon sheaths (Co_xP@NC). The utilization of directing template leads to a homogenous distribution of the subsequently formed cobalt phosphide particles, restrains the aggregation of cobalt phosphides, and thus results in the superb rate capability and cyclability. Contributable to the integrated merits of the interior downsized cobalt phosphide particles and the outer ZIF-67 derived porous carbon sheath, the volume expansion during cycling is effectively suppressed. The Co_xP@NC hybrid shows superb electrochemical performance as anode material for LIB, with good reversible capacity of 928 mAh·g^?1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^?1, and high stability of 526 mAh·g^?1 after 600 cycles at 1.0 A g^?1. This work provides a route for rational design of MOF derived carbon-based anode material for LIB, which could also be applied as a promising platform in diverse field.     

Atomic Layer Deposition of Cobalt Phosphide for Efficient Water Splitting

Transition‐metal phosphides (TMP) prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are reported for the first time. Ultrathin Co‐P films were deposited by using PH₃ plasma as the phosphorus source and an extra H₂ plasma step to remove excess P in the growing films. The optimized ALD process proceeded by self‐limited layer‐by‐layer growth, and the deposited Co‐P films were highly pure and smooth. The Co‐P films deposited via ALD exhibited better electrochemical and photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities than similar Co‐P films prepared by the traditional post‐phosphorization method. Moreover, the deposition of ultrathin Co‐P films on periodic trenches was demonstrated, which highlights the broad and promising potential application of this ALD process for a conformal coating of TMP films on complex three‐dimensional (3D) architectures.     

氧化镓纳米材料的制备及其在光电探测方面的应用研究进展

近年来,半导体的纳米材料凭借其奇特的介观物理特性,成为当前研究的热点,特别是纳米金属氧化物。氧化镓纳米材料具备优异的光电、气敏、耐压且低损耗等特性,为材料学、电子学和化学等多个研究领域带来了新的机遇。本文概述了氧化镓纳米结构的制备方法,并展望了其在光电探测方面的应用。     

由非晶态Ni-P低温制备Ni2P催化剂及其对二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫的催化性能

 以非晶态Ni-P合金为前驱体,在低温下通过PH3处理制备了Ni2P/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、 透射电镜(TEM)、 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、 N2吸附和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)进行了表征,以二苯并噻吩为探针,在小型连续流动固定床反应器上考察了催化剂的加氢脱硫性能. XRD结果表明,在200～300 ℃范围内前驱体都可以完全转化为Ni2P, 随着磷化温度的升高,晶体结构变得越来越完整. TEM观察发现, Ni-P粒子和Ni2P粒子的平均尺寸都在40～50 nm, 并且都能够高分散在SiO2-Al2O3载体上. XPS结果表明,不论是非负载还是SiO2-Al2O3负载的Ni2P, 表层主要为Ni2P和钝化层Ni3(PO4)2. Ni2P/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂在实验范围内表现出很好的二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫性能.     

Er3Pd7P4 — Kristallstrukturbestimmung und Extended Hückel Rechnungen

Er₃Pd₇P₄ — Crystal Structure Determination and Extended Hückel Calculations Er₃Pd₇P₄ was prepared by heating the elements (1050°C) and investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray methods. The compound crystallizes in a new structure (C2/m; a = 15.180(3) Å, b = 3.955(1) Å, c = 9.320(1) Å, β = 125,65(1)°; Z = 2) with a three-dimensional framework of Pd and P atoms and with Er atoms in the holes. The Pd atoms are surrounded tetrahedrally, trigonally or linearly by P atoms, which are coordinated by nine metal atoms in the form of a tricapped trigonal prism. Therefore the atomic arrangement of Er₃Pd₇P₄ is related to the structures of ternary transition metal phosphides with a metal: phosphorus ratio of 2:1. Band calculations using the Extended Hückel method show strong covalent Pd? P bonds and weak bonding interactions between Pd atoms with Pd? Pd distances shorter than 2.9 Å.     

TiO2-Al2O3载体的制备及Ni2P/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂上的同时加氢脱硫和加氢脱氮反应

 以溶胶-凝胶法制备的 TiO2-Al2O3 复合氧化物为载体, 采用浸渍法制备了 Ni2P/TiO2-Al2O3 催化剂, 并用 X 射线衍射、N2 吸附脱附、红外和 X 射线光电子能谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征, 考察了载体中 TiO2 含量、焙烧温度及其制备方法对 Ni2P/TiO2-Al2O3 催化剂上同时进行噻吩加氢脱硫和吡啶加氢脱氮反应的影响. 结果表明, 以 Ni/P 摩尔比为 1/2 的前驱体制备的催化剂表面仅出现 Ni2P 物相; 当载体中 TiO2 的含量为 80%, 焙烧温度为 550 oC 时, Ni2P/TiO2-Al2O3 催化剂上加氢脱硫和加氢脱氮的活性最高. 在 360 oC, 3.0 MPa, 氢/油体积比 500, 液时体积空速 2.0 h?1 的条件下, 噻吩和吡啶转化率分别为 61.3%和 64.4%.