全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1643篇 |
免费 | 80篇 |
国内免费 | 221篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1728篇 |
晶体学 | 14篇 |
力学 | 26篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
数学 | 12篇 |
物理学 | 157篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 19篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 57篇 |
2015年 | 44篇 |
2014年 | 44篇 |
2013年 | 150篇 |
2012年 | 92篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 68篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 89篇 |
2007年 | 107篇 |
2006年 | 103篇 |
2005年 | 99篇 |
2004年 | 108篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 69篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 62篇 |
1999年 | 56篇 |
1998年 | 58篇 |
1997年 | 38篇 |
1996年 | 37篇 |
1995年 | 40篇 |
1994年 | 35篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 33篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1944条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Atactic polystyrene, both side group and main chain deuterated, was investigated by inelastic neutron scattering in a wide temperature range around the glass transition from 2 to 450 K. In the glass the Boson peak position is only very weakly influenced by the deuteration of the phenyl group. In the neighborhood of the glass transition temperatureT
g we find a fast relaxation process similar to other glasses. The onset of the fast relaxation in polystyrene, however, is observed already at temperaturesT
g — 200 K. Results from partially deuterated polystyrene suggest a change of the phenyl ring dynamics already far belowT
g. 相似文献
102.
Dr. S. Sasaki 《Colloid and polymer science》1985,263(11):935-940
The theoretical equations for friction coefficients of spheres having sticky or hairy surfaces are presented. In the present treatment, the sticky surface is represented by a higher viscosity of fluid in the surface layer and the hairy surface is assumed to have a porous structure. The friction coefficients are given as functions of the thickness of the surface layer, the fluid viscosity in the surface layer and the segmental density of hairy chains. 相似文献
103.
I. H. Harding 《Colloid and polymer science》1985,263(1):58-66
Amphoteric polystyrene latex colloids were prepared by the emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of styrene. Two co-monomers, methacrylic acid (MA) (anionic) and dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate (DMAM) (cationic) were used to promote the amphoteric nature of the resultant surfaces. Parameters such as particle size and the isoelectric point (IEP) were measured as a function of polymerization recipe. Particle size decreased with increasing initiator concentration according to the equation: log [d
w]=–0.67 log [I] + 0.316 whered
w is the weight average particle diameter andI is the concentration of initiator (potassium persulphate).The particle size also decreased with increasing temperature, increasing pH and addition of surfactant. Particle size was unaffected by the methacrylic acid content. The isoelectric point pH was decreased on decreasing initiator concentration and on increasing methacrylic acid content.The polymerization pathway was deduced to involve the cationic DMAM during the initiation phase and to involve the anionic MA as well as styrene, during the growth stage. A full polymerization pathway involving the formation of oligomeric DMAM micelles was postulated. 相似文献
104.
Tadahiro Wakui Johannes Smid 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1985,3(2):197-208
The binding constants,K
N, of sodium and potassium 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate (ANS) and of sodium 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (DNS) to benzo-18-crown-6 bound to a 2% cross-linked polystyrene network (RN18C6) were measured spectrophotometrically in dioxane and the results compared with those obtained for picrate salts. The network RN18C6 was then used to measure in dioxane and toluene by a competition method the equilibrium constant,K, of the reaction A–M+N+CrA–M+Cr+N.A–M+N denotes the ionic solute (ANS, DNS, methyl orange or picrate salt) bound to the network RN18C6 (N) and A–M+Cr is the solute bound to a soluble ligand Cr, where Cr represents a series of 18-crown-6 and 15-crown-5 compounds. Combining theK
N andK values the formation constants,K
L, of the crown ether complexes of the respective salts were obtained in dioxane. The data show a reversal in the complexation strength of the 18-crown-6 compounds in dioxane when sodium picrate is replaced by sodium ANS. The results were rationalized in terms of a synergistic effect exerted by dioxane, with dioxane forming a 1:1 dioxanate with the crown ion pair complex. This effect is especially strong with ANS and with a rigid planar crown ether like dibenzo-18-crown-6. The binding constants,K
N, of NaANS and NaDNS to RN18C6 in dioxane are nearly three times larger than for sodium picrate, and the same holds for the potassium salts. Differences in anion interactions with the network appear to be a plausible cause for the anion dependence ofK
N. 相似文献
105.
Jessica E. Coughlin Andreas Reisch Marie Z. Markarian Joseph B. Schlenoff 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(11):2416-2424
Sulfonation of narrow polydispersity polystyrene, PS, standards remains the method of choice for generating polystyrene sulfonate, PSS, samples with defined composition. Although a variety of sulfonation techniques have been described, relatively little is reported on the material obtained, which is used for so many studies on the fundamental behavior of polyelectrolytes. Here, we show that powdered polystyrene treated with concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) at 90 °C without catalyst yields fully sulfonated PSS. Extensive characterization with 1H and 13C NMR as well as size exclusion chromatography coupled with static and dynamic light scattering shows no evidence of sulfone crosslinking or chain degradation under the conditions used. Though mono‐sulfonated as soon as it dissolves in the acid, the PSS contains about 6% meta substitution. Sulfonation kinetics for this heterogeneous reaction depend strongly on particle size, sulfuric acid content and temperature. For preparing perdeuterated PSS from the corresponding PS it is essential to employ D2SO4, as about half of the aromatic units undergo H/D exchange during sulfonation. The remaining ortho H/D may be exchanged with extended exposure to the concentrated sulfuric acid, but the meta site is deactivated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2416–2624 相似文献
106.
Motoki Okaniwa Naoyuki Kawashima Michitaka Kaizu Yasuaki Mutsuga 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(15):3132-3143
A new polymer blend composed of a hydrogenated ring‐opening polymer (HROP) with an ester group and hydroxyl functionalized polystyrene (HFP) produced the excellent transparent materials which enabled a precise birefringence control in keeping with the other physical properties for optical film use. The blend with a composition from 0.28 to 0.35 for the HFP weight fraction showed an extraordinary wavelength dispersion, transmitting through a zero birefringence point at the critical fraction of 0.45, while each polymer showed an ordinary wavelength dispersion. The observed excellent transparency even above those of the glass transition temperature was attributed to a depressed phase separation that resulted from strong hydrogen bond between the ester and hydroxyl groups. An IR analysis of the film demonstrated a remarkable red‐shift in the carbonyl peak with an increase of the hydroxylated polystyrene content, indicating a strong hydrogen bond between those groups. This new polymer blend provides a useful design to achieve practical demands for film use, both optical and mechanical under the fabrication conditions using the melt extrusion technique. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3132–3143 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
The effect of molecular chirality in thermotropic mesomorphic H-bonded polymeric systems has not really been investigated so far. Therefore, five new chiral mesogenic diamides have been prepared and described. Besides more ordered mesophases, the enantiomers exhibit a chiral nematic polymorphism detected by microcalorimetry and probably corresponding to different modes of chiral coiling to give these singular twisted nematic phases. 相似文献
110.