A new phosphor with flower-like structure and luminescent properties of Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>MgSi<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>7</Subscript>: Eu<Superscript>2+</Superscript>, Dy<Superscript>3+</Superscript> long afterglow materials by sol–gel method

The flower-like phosphors of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ with high brightness and long afterglow were obtained by sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) shows that single-phased Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ phosphor is prepared by sol–gel method under 1250 °C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicates that the phosphor consists of nano-sized whiskers which are detected for the first time in Eu²⁺ and Dy³⁺ co-doped long-lasting phosphorescence silicates. Furthermore, the investigation on the mechanism indicates that the internal structure and gas, liquid and solid phase effect play important roles in the formation of flower-like Sr₂MgSi₂O₇: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ nanostructure. Finally, the optical properties of flower-like Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ nanostructure have been characterized by photoluminescence (PL) spectra.     

Color-Tunable Dual-Mode Organic Afterglow for White-Light Emission and Information Encryption Based on Carbazole Doping

Dual-mode emission materials, combining phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence, offer promising opportunities for white-light afterglow. However, the delayed fluorescence lifetime is usually significantly shorter than that of phosphorescence, limiting the duration of white-light emission. In this study, a carbazole-based host–guest system that can be activated by both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light is reported to achieve balanced phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence, resulting in a long-lived white-light afterglow. Our study demonstrated the critical role of a charge transfer state in the afterglow mechanism, where the charge separation and recombination process directly determined the lifetime of afterglow. Simultaneously, an efficient reversed intersystem crossing process was obtained between the singlet and triplet charge transfer states, which facilitating the delayed fluorescence properties of host–guest system. As a result, delayed fluorescence lifetime was successfully prolonged to approach that of phosphorescence. This work presents a delayed fluorescence lifetime improvement strategy via doping method to realize durable white-light afterglow.     

SrAl_2O_4∶Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)晶格点缺陷的形成及其在发光材料中的作用

采用高温固相法合成了具有不同点缺陷的SrAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Dy3 发光粉。通过余辉衰减特性、激发光谱与热致发光性能测试,研究了晶格点缺陷在发光材料中的作用。结果表明,DyS·r对长余辉发光性能有很大的影响,可以作为具有合适深度的电子陷阱;氧离子空位(VO··)不能作为具有合适深度的电子陷阱,但可增加电子陷阱Dy3 的深度;掺入晶格的Dy3 与Eu2 之间存在相互作用,而且只有当DyS·r与EuSr×之间的距离足够接近时,DyS·r才能起到有效的电子陷阱的作用;VSr″可作为空穴陷阱,但VSr″浓度的变化不会引起长余辉发光性能的明显变化。     

有障碍圆形浮力射流的绕流流态研究

针对静止环境中有障碍圆形浮力射流出现的正常绕流现象与非正常绕流现象（反射与分叉现象）,分析了其主要的3个影响因素:障碍盘直径D/d（D和d分别是障碍盘和射流出口的直径）,射流出口密度Froude数以及障碍盘离射流孔口的距离H/d与发生非正常绕流之间的相互关系．得到了H/d=2,4,6,8在不同D/d值时发生非正常绕流的临界密度Froude数．对直径为D/d的障碍盘,当其离射流孔口的距离H/d达到某一值时,流动仅为正常绕流流态．基于大量计算给出了不同障碍盘所要求的H/d值,综合以上因素得到了临界密度Froude数的拟合公式．对非正常绕流中射流出现反射与分叉的规律性进行了探讨．对D/d=1的有障碍浮力射流进行的数值计算表明,所有工况下的流态均为正常绕流,并得到了不同H/D条件下的轴线稀释度．     

Luminescent properties of Sr<Subscript>3</Subscript>Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>6</Subscript>: Eu,Pr prepared by sol–gel method

A new red-emitting long afterglow Sr₃Al₂O₆: Eu²⁺, Pr³⁺ phosphor was synthesized by sol–gel methods using Sr(NO₃)₂, Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O, Eu(NO₃)₃ and Pr(NO₃)₃ as raw materials. The crystalline structure of the phosphor powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Luminescent properties of the phosphor powders were analyzed by the fluorescence spectrophotometer. Sr₃Al₂O₆: Eu²⁺, Pr³⁺ phosphor powders with single Sr₃Al₂O₆ phase were prepared at 1200 °C for 2 h in the reducing atmosphere. Pr³⁺ doped made the light intensity and the light-lasting time of Sr₃Al₂O₆: Eu²⁺, Pr³⁺ phosphors improved. The emission peaks of the Sr₃Al₂O₆: Eu²⁺, Pr³⁺ phosphor powders lay at 612 nm with the excitation of 472 nm and the longest afterglow time could last for about 15 min at Pr³⁺ content of 0.06.     

Collision-induced dissociation studies of protonated ether--(H2O)n (n = 1-3) clusters

We have studied the protonated ether-(H2O)n (n = 1-3) complexes containing tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and butylmethyl ethers using a flowing afterglow triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. Collision-induced dissociation, CID, of all clusters with n = 1, 2 shows sequential water loss. The n = 3 cluster of dimethyl ether shows sequential water loss, while all other ether clusters display selective product formation. The CID spectra are interpreted based on known energetics, and theoretical studies of the dimethyl and diethyl ether systems.     

热声换热器的工作机制及换热特性研究

基于弱非线性热声理论,对热声换热器的换热特性进行了理论研究.获得了平行平板通道内二阶周期平均热流的解析解,并指出存在临界声导率比的模|Ya|_(cr)~I,使得二阶周期平均热流为零.当实际声导率比的模大于|Ya|_(cr)~I时,振荡流体从外热源吸热,为吸热器;当实际声导率比的模小于|Ya|_(cr)~I时,振荡流体向外放热,为放热器.获得了平行平板通道内二阶周期平均温度的解析解.计算分析了工作流体的物性参数、流动参数以及声导率比对二阶周期平均温度分布的影响,为进一步考察换热系数提供了依据。     

纳米棒状长余辉材料BaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)的制备与发光性能

利用硝酸铝、硝酸钡、尿素为原料,以一定比例H_2O/正丁醇及H_2O/正丁醇/SBS的混合液作传递压力的介质,进行反应,然后将得到的前驱体在还原气氛下高温煅烧,得到亮度高,余辉时间长的BaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)纳米棒状长余辉发光材料。TEM和SEM测试表明高温煅烧后得到的BaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)为棒状结构,其激发光谱和发射光谱均为宽带,主发射峰分别为498 nm,是典型的Eu~(2+)5d→4f跃迁。该方法的特点在于:采用水热法合成的BaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)长余辉发光材料一般需经过高温煅烧,容易结块,而在合成制得的产品经1 300℃高温煅烧后仍呈现分散性良好的棒状结构,不需球磨,且发光性能良好,可直接应用。同时将2种不同的实验条件进行比较,发现在不使用表面活性剂的条件下依然可得到分散性良好的棒状BaAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)长余辉发光材料。该制备方法有望在其他铝酸盐和硅酸盐系长余辉发光材料的制备中得到应用。     

Ca~(2+)离子替代对Sr_4Al_(14)O_(25):Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)结构和发光性能的影响

采用高温固相反应按化学式Sr4-xCaxAl14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+(x=0,0.8,1.6,2.4,3.2,4)配比原料,合成长余辉发光材料.X射线衍射分析表明当x2.4时,产物物相均为Sr4Al14O25正交结构;当x2.4时,产物物相转变为CaAl4O7单斜结构.对掺Ca量不同,但结构仍保持Sr4Al14O25的样品采用360nm激光照射,发射光谱表明样品发光均由以Eu2+为发光中心的电子4f65d→4f7跃迁所致,并且随着Ca掺入量的增加,样品发射光谱峰位逐渐蓝移.这是由于Ca2+取代Sr2+位置后,导致晶格收缩,影响Eu2+的5d能级劈裂情况,从而影响电子4f65d→4f7跃迁.余辉衰减检测和热释光谱分析发现,不同Ca掺入量的样品余辉衰减快慢不同,是由于其中存在的陷阱能级深度不同,且陷阱能级越深,其余辉时间越长.     

红色长余辉材料Y2O2S : Eu,Si,M 的制备及发光性能

采用高温固相法合成了红色长余辉材料Y₂O₂S : Eu, Si, M(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba),利用X晶体衍射、发光光谱、热释光测量等对材料的性能进行了表征。结果分析表明:Y₂O₂S : Eu,Si,M(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)长余辉材料的最大荧光发射和余辉发射峰完全一致都位于627 nm, 产生红光发射,是典型的Eu³⁺离子的⁵D₀-⁷F₂跃迁。激发停止后,能够产生较好的余辉性能。碱土金属离子能够增强其荧光发射峰强度并对余辉性能有一定促进作用,其中以Mg²⁺最好,其次是Ba²⁺。