A rational design of bimetallic PdAu nanoflowers as efficient catalysts for methanol oxidation reaction

Methanol fuel cells have been intensively developed as clean and high-efficiency energy conversion system due to their high efficiency and low emission of pollutants. Here, we developed a simple aqueous synthetic method to prepare bimetallic Pd Au nanoflowers catalysts for methanol oxidation reaction(MOR) in alkaline environment. Their composition can be directly tuned by changing the ratio between Pd and Au precursors. Compared with commercial Pd/C catalyst, all of the Pd Au nanoflowers catalysts show the enhanced catalytic activity and durability. In particular, the Pd Au nanoflowers specific activity reached 0.72 m A/cm2, which is 14 times that of commercial Pd/C catalyst. The superior MOR activity could be attributed to the unique porous structure and the shift of the d-band center of Pd.     

Reactivities of mixed organozinc and mixed organocopper reagents. Part 13 Kinetic study for phosphine‐catalyzed acylation of alkylarylzincs and effect of residual group on the transfer rate of alkyl group

Kinetics of reactions of di‐n‐butylzinc, n‐Bu₂Zn, and mixed n‐butyl(substituted phenyl)zinc reagents and n‐Bu(functional group (FG)?C₆H₄)Zn with benzoyl chloride in the presence of tri‐n‐butylphosphine have been investigated. Reaction rates of transferable n‐butyl group have been determined in tetrahydrofuran at 0 °C to compare the transfer rate of n‐butyl group in homo and mixed diorganozincs. Rate law is consistent with a third‐order reaction, which is first order in diorganozinc, benzoyl chloride, and n‐Bu₃P, and a mechanism was proposed. The lower reaction rate of n‐BuPhZn than that of n‐Bu₂Zn and negative reaction constant in Hammett plot are in accordance with the carbanionic charge of transferable n‐butyl group in the acylation reaction. These findings support the hypothesis that the reaction rate of transferable group, R_T, changes depending upon the residual group, R_R, in R_RR_TZn reagents. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3催化甲基丙烯酸丁酯聚合

研究了Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3催化体系催化甲基丙烯酸丁酯（BMA）的聚合反应，考察了温度，时间，催化剂浓度对聚合反应的影响，动力学研究表明，BMA的聚合速率与单浓度呈一级关系，聚合反应的表观活化能为31．9kJ/mol.     

HgCl2/I2复合催化剂协同催化合成异丙醇钇的研究

以金属钇和异丙醇为原料，以HgCl2/I2为复合催化剂，通过对金属钇的机械加工以增加其比表面，并将异丙醇脱水使其含水量降低至0．05％，体系在82℃回流5h，经过滤、减压蒸馏，得到了白色海绵状异丙醇钇，其产率高达83％，合成时间比文献报道的缩短了19h，产率提高了8％。文章确定了催化剂的最佳用量为20gY加入60mg HgCl2/I2，研究了合成产率与HgCl2/I2催化剂和HgCl2催化剂的依赖关系及异丙醇中含水量对合成产率的影响，并对HgCl2/I2的催化作用机理进行了初步探讨。     

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Biocompatible Silk Fibroin‐Based Carbon Quantum Dots

A biocompatible silk fibroin‐based carbon quantum dot (SF‐CQD) is first synthesized under microwave irradiation for a short time. This fast and environmentally safe technique produce well‐defined nanosized SF‐CQDs. The SF‐CQDs have good crystallinity, a strong emission peak in the blue‐color region, high quantum yield, and the potential for modification with various functional groups on the surface. These SF‐CQDs demonstrate stable emission, good water dispersity, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. These properties show the great potential of these SF‐CQDs for use in biomedical applications including bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery systems.     

Swiss-Roll燃烧器催化剂结构的实验研究

实验研究了装有Pt覆盖的多孔陶瓷的Swiss-Roll燃烧器的燃烧特性,分别得到了3种不同长度的催化剂基底的熄火极限,并测量3种情况下催化剂壁面及催化剂后部空间的温度。实验结果表明,3种情况中,催化剂基底长4.5mm的燃烧器可燃范围最大,所以此长度较适合此Swiss-Roll燃烧器。从温度数据可以看出来,催化剂后部空间存在反应,且受上游催化剂表面反应强度的影响。     

不同金属在催化脱硝过程中作用研究

采用共浸渍法和分步浸渍法在氧化铝载体上通过调节金属元素的负载量和负载顺序制备了多种催化剂,测试了其在NH3作为还原剂条件下的低温催化脱硝活性,研究各种活性组分在脱硝过程中的作用,考察浸渍顺序对脱硝性能的影响。在(?)(NO)=500×10~(-6),n(NH_3):n(NO)=1:1和(?)(O_2)=3.6%的条件下进行试验,结果表明,Mn在脱硝反应中是主要的活性组分,而Fe和Zr是助催化组分;浸渍顺序对催化剂脱硝活性有一定影响;当Fe负载量达到10%时,制备的催化剂5Zr-5Mn-10Fe/Al_2O_3脱硝活性最佳。     

2，5─哌嗪二酮与α，β─不饱和醛反应研究

综合运用了多种波谱学方法及化学手段确证并归属了２，５－哌嗪二酮与α，β－不饱和醛在超声波分散金属钾及双季铵盐作用下反应产物的立体化学与核磁共振信号，为研究这个反应提供了有用的信息．     

Nanoparticle-Coated Silicon Nanowires

The synthesis of silicon nanowires that are densely coated with silicon nanoparticles is reported. These structures were produced in a two-step process, using a method known as hypersonic plasma particle deposition. In the first step, a Ti–Si nanoparticle film was deposited. In the second step the Ti-source was switched off, and nanoparticle-coated nanowires grew under the simultaneous action of Si vapor deposition and bombardment by Si nanoparticles. Total process time, including both steps, equaled 5 min, and resulted in formation of a dense network of randomly oriented nanowires covering1.5 cm² of substrate area. The nanowires are composed of single-crystal Si. The diameters of the nanowires vary over the range 100–800 nm. Each nanowire has a crystalline TiSi₂ catalyst particle, believed to have been solid during nanowire growth, at its tip.