环境水中甲基对硫磷、对硫磷和辛硫磷农药残留的SPE-HPLC分析

采用离线固相萃取 (SPE)富集 -高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离和紫外分光光度法检测 ,对环境水中甲基对硫磷、对硫磷和辛硫磷3种有机磷农药进行分析;固相萃取用C18 萃取柱 ,用甲醇洗脱 ,高效液相色谱分离以Shim_PackCLCODS柱(150mm×4.6mmid,5μm)为分离柱 ,流动相为甲醇 -水(体积比70∶30) ,紫外检测波长为280nm;该法稳定可靠 ,回收率高     

染料配体脲醛树脂-二氧化锆复合微球的制备及对牛血清白蛋白的萃取性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备无孔脲醛树脂-二氧化锆复合微球,在碳酸盐缓冲溶液中,利用微球表面的酰胺键与三嗪染料-活性艳蓝X-BR分子中三嗪环上的活泼氯反应,将染料键合到微球表面,以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为样品,考察了不同条件下,该萃取剂对BSA的萃取能力。结果表明,该萃取剂对BSA的饱和萃取量达到30.3 mg.g-1,同时萃取的蛋白易于洗脱,1.0 mol.L-1氰化钾的洗脱率达到93.5%。     

微波萃取花生壳天然黄色素及其稳定性研究

对福建产花生壳进行了微波萃取天然黄色素及其稳定性的研究 .研究表明微波萃取的工艺条件是 :以pH =3,体积分数 70 %的乙醇水溶液作提取剂 ,原料与提取剂配比为 1g∶5mL ,微波辐射功率为 12 0W ,辐射时间2 4 0s.对该色素稳定性研究结果表明 ,该色素为水溶性色素 ,属黄酮类色素 ,适用pH值范围比较宽 ,尤其碱性状态效果最佳 ,对光、热稳定性好 ,大多数食品添加剂对色素稳定性影响不大 ,对氧化剂H2 O2 的耐受能力较差 ,对还原剂Na2 SO3 的耐受能力强     

Surface derivatization of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber designed for novel separation and extraction media

The surface derivatization of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber was studied. The obtained surface-derivatized filaments were packed into a fused-silica capillary to evaluate its surface characteristics by using GC. As the stationary phase for GC the surface-derivatized fibers showed higher retention for alkanes and alkylbenzenes than that with the untreated Kevlar fiber. The improvements on the retention power and the peak shape were observed on the benzyl-modified fibrous stationary phase. The derivatized fibrous materials were also evaluated as the extraction medium in fiber-in-tube SPE, and the effect of the surface modification on the extraction power was compared to the parent fiber. The results indicated that the modified fiber possessed a higher extraction power than the untreated fiber. Based on the facts, the successful modification of the fiber surface was estimated.     

Coupling Cloud Point Extraction to Instrumental Detection Systems for Metal Analysis

The purpose of this article is to review and evaluate cloud point extraction of metals and its coupling to different contemporary instrumental methods of analysis. This review covers a selection of the literature published on this topic over the period mainly between 1997 and September 2005 (consisting of 50 publications). The current state of the art for CPE concerning metals and metal chelates is presented with special emphasis on the hyphenation of this interesting extraction/preconcentration approach mediated by surfactants to spectrophotometry, atomic spectroscopy and separation techniques. We present contemporary CPE developments concerning metal speciation and determination and their application to different environmental, clinical, geological and food samples. Strategies for method development as well as future perspectives are also covered.     

钨的溶剂萃取

本文简要地讨论了钨的溶剂萃取,重点讨论了萃取剂的结构对钨的萃取性能以及金属分离的影响。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定全血中马钱子碱和士的宁的含量

 建立了反相高效液相色谱法定量分析全血中马钱子碱和士的宁含量的方法。该方法应用Oasis  R ○ MCX固相萃取小柱进行提取、采用XTerra TM RP 18 色谱柱进行分离。在该条件下马钱子碱和士的宁的线性范围为0.05～10 mg/L ,最小检出限为0.15 ng。该方法测得马钱子碱和士的宁在低、中、高浓度下的回收率均在90%以上,日内、日间精密度均符合方法学要求。该方法灵敏、快速、准确,适用于临床血药浓度监测和法医毒化检验。     

Solid Phase Extraction Chemiluminescence Determination of Methamidaphos on Vegetables

IntroductionDuring recent years,organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs)have been widely used in agriculture becauseof their low environmental persistence and high effec-tiveness.However,they have a high acute toxicity.Trace amounts of OPPs may remain in foodstu…     

Ion-Pair Solvent Extraction of EDTA Anions with Tetraalkylammonium Ions in Various Organic Solvents

Summary.  The ion-pair solvent extraction behavior of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) anion by various tetraalkylammonium ions was investigated at 25.0 ± 0.1°C. The extraction of EDTA exceeded 90% from the basic aqueous solution into the organic solvents such as n-hexane and benzene derivatives containing tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride, but EDTA was hardly extracted from acidic solution. Among the chemical species of EDTA in aqueous solution, edta ⁴⁻ is the most extractable one. On the other hand, the extraction of EDTA was less than 1% into chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane even from the basic aqueous solution. The effect of the structure of alkylammonium ion was also examined. Tetra-n-hexylammonium and tetra-n-octylammonium ions could not extract EDTA even from the basic aqueous solution, while the use of tri-n-octylmethylammonium and di-n-lauryldimethylammonium ions enhances the extraction of EDTA. These results suggest that the steric hindrance in the ion-pair of alkylammonium and EDTA anion in the organic phase affects the extractability of EDTA containing ion-pair. The solution structure of ion-pair in the organic phase was calculated by MMFF force field and the steric effect in the ion-pair was also suggested. From the extraction constants obtained, the possibility of the extraction separation of EDTA has been shown. Present address: Chemistry Department, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China     

Solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-fluorimetry for organotin speciation in natural waters

Summary A method is reported for the determination of dibutyltin (DBT), diphenyltin (DPhT), tributyltin (TBT), and triphenyltin (TPhT) species at the nanogram per litre concentration level in natural water samples. Analytes were isolated from samples by solid-phase extraction and analysed both off-line and on-line by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization and fluorimetric detection. Several SPE cartridges and eluents were evaluated; C₁₈ enrichment and elution with a mixture of methanol, acetic acid, and water was found most suitable. Preconcentration factors up to 250 can be achieved when a 500-mL sample is processed. Detection limits, recovery rates, and the precision of the whole process have been determined. The method has been applied to the determination of organotin species in spiked natural water samples collected on the NW Mediterranean coast. Recovery rates range from 75 to 110% and detection limits are at the low ng L⁻¹ level (1–3 ng Sn L⁻¹ for DPhT, DBT, and PhT and 40 ng Sn L⁻¹ for TBT when 250 mL spiked sea water is processed.)