Excess volumes and enthalpies of mixing benzene with various bicyclic compounds

The V _m ^E and H _m ^E for solutions of benzene in decahydronaphthalene, in bicyclohexyl, in cyclohexylbezene and in 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene have been measured over the complete composition range at 25°C. The results have been fitted to the Flory theory of liquid mixtures.     

Multiphase Thermohaline Convection in the Earth’s Crust: II. Benchmarking and Application of a Finite Element – Finite Volume Solution Technique with a NaCl–H2O Equation of State

We present the benchmarking of a new finite element – finite volume (FEFV) solution technique capable of modeling transient multiphase thermohaline convection for geological realistic p-T-X conditions. The algorithm embeds a new and accurate equation of state for the NaCl–H₂O system. Benchmarks are carried out to compare the numerical results for the various component-processes of multiphase thermohaline convection. They include simulations of (i) convection driven by temperature and/or concentration gradients in a single-phase fluid (i.e., the Elder problem, thermal convection at different Rayleigh numbers, and a free thermohaline convection example), (ii) multiphase flow (i.e., the Buckley–Leverett problem), and (iii) energy transport in a pure H₂O fluid at liquid, vapor, supercritical, and two-phase conditions (i.e., comparison to the U.S. Geological Survey Code HYDROTHERM). The results produced with the new FEFV technique are in good agreement with the reference solutions. We further present the application of the FEFV technique to the simulation of thermohaline convection of a 400°C hot and 10 wt.% saline fluid rising from 4 km depth. During the buoyant rise, the fluid boils and separates into a high-density, high-salinity liquid phase and a low-density, low-salinity vapor phase.     

高维欧氏空间中的广义度量方程及其应用

本文利用代数的方法，证明了：对于两个等数量有限基本元素构成的集合，杨路和张景中关于高维欧氏空间E^n中的度量方程仍然成立，得到了一个广义度量方程，其特殊情况就是著名的Cayley定理．作为初步应用，给出了两个单形外接超球球心距和棱切超球球心距的两个公式.     

On Taylor weak statement finite element methods for computational fluid dynamics

A Taylor series augmentation of a weak statement (a ‘Taylor weak statement’ or ‘Taylor-Galerkin’ method) is used to systematically reduce the dispersion error in a finite element approximation of the one-dimensional transient advection equation. A frequency analysis is applied to determine the phase velocity of semi-implicit linear, quadratic and cubic basis one-dimensional finite element methods and of several comparative finite difference/finite volume algorithms. The finite element methods analysed include both Galerkin and Taylor weak statements. The frequency analysis is used to obtain an improved linear basis Taylor weak statement finite element algorithm. Solutions are reported for verification problems in one and two dimensions and are compared with finite volume solutions. The improved finite element algorithms have sufficient phase accuracy to achieve highly accurate linear transient solutions with little or no artificial diffusion.     

Correlations between gas permeation and free-volume hole properties probed by positron annihilation spectroscopy

Free-volume hole sizes, fractions, and distributions in a series of polycarbonate-based polymers are measured by using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy. Correlations between the obtained free-volume hole properties and gas diffusion coefficients are observed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Estimates for the Volume of a Lorentzian Manifold

We prove new estimates for the volume of a Lorentzian manifold and show especially that cosmological spacetimes with crushing singularities have finite volume.     

HDPE/CaCO3纳米复合材料的自由体积及其界面特性

采用熔融共混方法，制备了不同纳米碳酸钙(CaC03)颗粒含量的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)纳米复合材料，测量了复合材料的力学性能，观察到在纳米颗粒含量为6％时，其冲击强度有较大提高．同时，用正电子湮没寿命谱(PALS)研究了不同纳米颗粒含量的纳米复合材料的自由体积特性和界面信息，并探讨了它们对材料宏观力学性能的影响．结果发现，复合材料中最长寿命τ3变化不大，但其强度I3有明显减小；第二寿命分量与纳米复合材料中纳米CaC03颗粒和HDPE链段之间的界面结构密切相关．     

Aspherical manifolds with relatively hyperbolic fundamental groups

We show that the aspherical manifolds produced via the relative strict hyperboli- zation of polyhedra enjoy many group-theoretic and topological properties of open finite volume negatively pinched manifolds, including relative hyperbolicity, nonvanishing of simplicial volume, co-Hopf property, finiteness of outer automorphism group, absence of splitting over elementary subgroups, and acylindricity. In fact, some of these properties hold for any compact aspherical manifold with incompressible aspherical boundary components, provided the fundamental group is hyperbolic relative to fundamental groups of boundary components. We also show that no manifold obtained via the relative strict hyperbolization can be embedded into a compact Kähler manifold of the same dimension, except when the dimension is two.