改进欧拉算法在油液光谱分析趋势预测中的应用

基于原子发射光谱油液分析是大型机械设备磨损状态监测与故障诊断的重要技术,由于灰预测理论在趋势预测方面具有明显的优势,文章利用油液原子发射光谱分析结果,结合灰预测理论,建立了某综合传动油液中金属元素Fe趋势变化的灰预测模型。在模型参数辨识求解上首次引入了改进欧拉算法,解决了避免原灰预测模型在实际应用过程中出现的预测结果主要依赖于第一个实测值的问题,使得预测结果更准确。将该算法结合原子发射光谱分析Fe元素浓度的阈值制定,有效地捕捉到综合传动发生故障的征兆信息,及时采取措施防止综合传动的故障,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

Z16环上的二次剩余码

本文研究了整数环模16剩余类环Z16上的二次剩余码,讨论了它们的幂等生成元及其扩展码的自对偶性等代数性质,并研究了码长为7的Z16二次剩余码在两种已有的Gray映射下的有趣性质,尤其是确定了它们的Lee重量分布.     

CoFe2O4纳米粒子的共振散射光谱研究

液相纳米粒子CoFe2O4在400，470，510，800和940nm产生五个共振散射峰。它是一种非线性光散射介质。当激发波长为330nm时，CoFe2O4纳米粒子分别在于330，660和990nm产生一个共振散射峰、一个1/2频散射峰和一个1/3分频散射峰；当激发波长为800nm时，在800nm产生一个共振散射峰，而在400nm产生一个较该共振散射峰更强的2倍频散射峰。分频散射和倍频散射与共振散射有相似的散射行为。根据建立的灰白粒子体系共振散射光谱原理定性解析了CoFe2O4纳米粒子体系的共振散射光谱。     

A Quillen Model Structure for 2-Categories

We describe a cofibrantly generated Quillen model structure on the locally finitely presentable category 2-Cat of (small) 2-categories and 2-functors; the weak equivalences are the biequivalences, and the homotopy relation on 2-functors is just pseudonatural equivalence. The model structure is proper, and is compatible with the monoidal structure given by the Gray tensor product. It is not compatible with the Cartesian closed structure, in which the tensor product is the product.The model structure restricts to a model structure on the full subcategory PsGpd of 2-Cat, consisting of those 2-categories in which every arrow is an equivalence and every 2-cell is invertible. The model structure on PsGpd is once again proper, and compatible with the monoidal structure given by the Gray tensor product.     

An infinite series of regular edge‐ but not vertex‐transitive graphs

Let n be an integer and q be a prime power. Then for any 3 ≤ n ≤ q?1, or n=2 and q odd, we construct a connected q‐regular edge‐but not vertex‐transitive graph of order 2qⁿ⁺¹. This graph is defined via a system of equations over the finite field of q elements. For n=2 and q=3, our graph is isomorphic to the Gray graph. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 41: 249–258, 2002     

Effect of biotic and abiotic stresses on volatile emission of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb

This study describes the application of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to characterise the volatile fingerprint changes of Achillea collina, induced by aphids' infestation, mechanical damage and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment. The volatile organic compound profiles of A. collina, Prunus persica and Pisum sativum infested by Myzus persicae were also compared. Several changes were observed between control, infested, mechanically damaged and JA-treated plants, and new inducible volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) were emitted in response to biotic or abiotic stresses. Some of these were in common for all stresses and other compounds were in common only for two types of stress. Conversely some IVOCs were emitted only in response to the specific stimuli. The results suggested that there were species-specific and common IVOCs emitted by A. collina, P. persica and P. sativum in response to M. persicae infestation. In conclusion, HS-SPME–GC/MS seems to be a reliable analytical approach to study in vivo plant reaction to external stimuli.     

ICP-AES测定野生羌活药材中K、Na和Al

利用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定不同采收时间（5、6、7、8月和9月）野生羌活药材中K、Na、Al 3种金属元素的含量,应用SPSS16.0分析软件对结果进行统计分析。研究结果表明,5—9月野生羌活药材中均以K元素含量最高;K和Na、Na和Al的含量呈负相关,K和Al的含量呈正相关;K元素的含量在5月到6月增加,6月到8月呈下降趋势,8月到9月急剧升高;Na元素的含量呈先上升（5—6月）后下降（6—9月）的趋势;Al元素的含量呈先降低（5—6月）再升高（6—9月）的趋势。     

Correlations between microstructural alterations and severity of cognitive deficiency in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a diffusional kurtosis imaging study

Object

Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI), a natural extension of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can characterize non-Gaussian diffusion in the brain. We investigated the capability of DKI parameters for detecting microstructural changes in both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sought to determine whether these DKI parameters could serve as imaging biomarkers to indicate the severity of cognitive deficiency.

Materials and Methods

DKI was performed on 18 AD patients and 12 MCI patients. Fractional anisotropy, kurtosis and diffusivity parameters in the temporal, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes were compared between the two groups using Mann–Whitney U test. The correlations between regional DKI parameters and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score were tested using Pearson's correlation.

Results

In ADs, significantly increased diffusivity and decreased kurtosis parameters were observed in both the GM and WM of the parietal and occipital lobes as compared to MCIs. Significantly decreased fractional anisotropy was also observed in the WM of these lobes in ADs. With the exception of fractional anisotropy and radial kurtosis, all the five other DKI parameters exhibited significant correlations with MMSE score in both GM and WM.

Conclusion

Bearing additional information, the DKI model can provide sensitive imaging biomarkers for assessing the severity of cognitive deficiency in reference to MMSE score and potentially improve early detection and progression monitoring of AD based on characterizing microstructures in both the WM and especially the GM.     

Gray codes for column-convex polyominoes and a new class of distributive lattices

We introduce the problem of polyomino Gray codes, which is the listing of all members of certain classes of polyominoes such that successive polyominoes differ by some well-defined closeness condition (e.g., the movement of one cell). We discuss various closeness conditions and provide several Gray codes for the class of column-convex polyominoes with a fixed number of cells in each column. For one of our closeness conditions, a natural new class of distributive lattice arises: the partial order is defined on the set of m-tuples [S₁]×[S₂]××[S_m], where each S_i>1 and [S_i]={0,1,…,S_i−1}, and the cover relations are (p₁,p₂,…,p_m)(p₁+1,p₂,…,p_m) and (p₁,p₂,…,p_j,p_j+1,…,p_m)(p₁,p₂,…,p_j−1,p_j+1+1,…,p_m). We also discuss some properties of this lattice.     

The coolest way to generate combinations

We present a practical and elegant method for generating all (s,t)-combinations (binary strings with s zeros and t ones): Identify the shortest prefix ending in 010 or 011 (or the entire string if no such prefix exists), and rotate it by one position to the right. This iterative rule gives an order to (s,t)-combinations that is circular and genlex. Moreover, the rotated portion of the string always contains at most four contiguous runs of zeros and ones, so every iteration can be achieved by transposing at most two pairs of bits. This leads to an efficient loopless and branchless implementation that consists only of two variables and six assignment statements. The order also has a number of striking similarities to colex order, especially its recursive definition and ranking algorithm. In the light of these similarities we have named our order cool-lex!