全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4411篇 |
免费 | 195篇 |
国内免费 | 1217篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 5420篇 |
晶体学 | 24篇 |
力学 | 24篇 |
综合类 | 24篇 |
数学 | 13篇 |
物理学 | 318篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 56篇 |
2021年 | 58篇 |
2020年 | 110篇 |
2019年 | 99篇 |
2018年 | 101篇 |
2017年 | 161篇 |
2016年 | 195篇 |
2015年 | 147篇 |
2014年 | 164篇 |
2013年 | 457篇 |
2012年 | 244篇 |
2011年 | 235篇 |
2010年 | 243篇 |
2009年 | 297篇 |
2008年 | 294篇 |
2007年 | 261篇 |
2006年 | 262篇 |
2005年 | 254篇 |
2004年 | 234篇 |
2003年 | 180篇 |
2002年 | 185篇 |
2001年 | 170篇 |
2000年 | 171篇 |
1999年 | 166篇 |
1998年 | 138篇 |
1997年 | 138篇 |
1996年 | 118篇 |
1995年 | 114篇 |
1994年 | 123篇 |
1993年 | 101篇 |
1992年 | 100篇 |
1991年 | 55篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5823条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
91.
Nitroxide‐mediated ‘living’ free radical polymerisation (LREP) was employed for the first time to prepare graft copolymer by having arylated poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC‐Ph) as a backbone and polystyrene (PS) as branches. The graft copolymerization of styrene was initiated by arylated PVC carrying 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) groups as a macroinitiator. Thus, the arylated PVC was prepared in the mild conditions and these reaction conditions could overcome the problem of gelation and crosslinking in polymers. Then, 1‐hydroxy TEMPO was synthesized by the reduction of TEMPO with sodium ascorbate. This functional nitroxyl compound was coupled with brominated arylated PVC (PVC‐Ph‐Br). The resulting macro‐initiator (PVC‐Ph‐TEMPO) for ‘living’ free radical polymerization was then heated in the presence of styrene to form graft copolymer. DSC, GPC, 1HNMR, and FT‐IR spectroscopy were employed to investigate the structure of the polymers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
92.
The chemical composition of the essential oils of the flowers and leaves of Anthemis hyalina were analyzed by GC and GC-MS for the first time. The oils were found to contain seventy-two components. cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate (14.9% and 17.8%), camphor (11.6% and 1.7%), terpinen-4-ol (8.3% and 1.2%), germacrene-D (5.1% and
2.1%), β-caryophyllene (4.1% and 5.4%), myrcene (3.6% and 16.9%), bicyclogermacrene (3.5% and 0.9%), α-pinene (2.3% and 4.1%), cis-β-ocimene (2.1% and 4.3%) and isospathulenol (0.4% and 4.3%) were found to be the major constituents of the oils of flowers
and leaves respectively.
Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 428–429, September–October, 2006. 相似文献
93.
The first part of the paper deals with a critical discussion of the methodical basis of essential work of fracture (EWF) concept with respect to the specimen geometry (especially the notch depth) and application to polymers. In the second part, an in situ testing device, which combines a tensile testing machine with an optical strain-field measuring system, has successfully demonstrated possibility of characterization of fracture behaviour of polystyrene-polybutadiene block copolymers and block copolymer/homopolymer blends as examples of nanostructured polymer materials. It has been shown that knowledge of the time evolution of the strain field close to the crack tips leads to a simple verification of the basic precondition for the applicability of the EWF concept, the precondition “plastic zone coalescence-before-stable crack propagation”. 相似文献
94.
Star-shaped block copolymers consisting of non-toxic poly(ethylene glycol) and biodegradable polycaprolactone ((PEG5K-PCL)4) were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of the ε-caprolactone monomer with hydroxyl-terminated 4-armed PEG as initiator. These biodegradable, amphiphilic star block copolymers showed micellization and sol-gel transition behaviors in aqueous solution with varying concentration and temperature. In the dilute aqueous solutions of star block copolymers, micellization behavior occurred over specific concentration. The 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) solubilization method was used to determine the critical micellization concentration (CMC) of star block copolymers. The obtained micelle size increased with increasing hydrophobic PCL block length. In high-concentration solutions, the star block copolymers showed temperature-sensitive sol-gel transition behavior. The morphology of the micelle and gel was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). As a result, the micelles showed a core-corona spherical structure at concentration near CMC, while the gel showed a mountain-chain-like morphology picture. It was proposed that with increasing the micelle concentration the worm-like micelle clusters formed firstly and the gel was constructed by the packing of micelle clusters. 相似文献
95.
96.
97.
Peiguang Zhou H. L. Frisch 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(12):2577-2585
We have synthesized and characterized the graft copolymer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-graft-polycarbonate urethane (PCU) (designated PMMA-g-PCU) and the fully gelled mutually crosslinked network composed of both PMMA and PCU (designated as PMMA-PCU-N). Unlike the previously synthesized one phase PCU/PMMA simultaneous interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN's), both of these new materials exhibited two distinct Tg's (from DSC and DMA studies) at all compositions which we have studied. The two-phase nature of the graft and network polymer was confirmed by TEM with domain sizes smaller than those found in the blends of the linear PCU and PMMA chains. In comparison with the corresponding IPN's, the PMMA-g-PCU and the PMMA-PCU-N were thermally less stable and had a lower ultimate strength. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
98.
Dwayne R. Senn 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(6):1175-1183
Random copoly(p-phenylene sulfide sulfone/ketone)s (PPSS/K) are prepared in high yield by the polycondensation of sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) with bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone (BCPS) and 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP). The polymerization is conducted between 200–220°C, depending on the composition of the copolymer, and in the presence of water without any detrimental effects to the molecular weight. The copolymers with sulfone/ketone mole ratios (S : K) > 25 : 75 are amorphous, while the copolymers with S : K ratios ≤ 25 : 75 are crystalline. These materials form tough, creaseable films and exhibit a linear increase in the glass transition temperature with increasing sulfone content. Sulfuric acid solutions of the copolymers are dark orange to red and display an increasing λmax in the uv-visible spectra as the S:K ratio of the copolymers decreases. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
99.
A. N. Ageev A. A. Aratskova L. D. Belyakova T. N. Gvozdovich A. V. Kiselev Ya. I. Yashin J. Kàlal F. Švec 《Chromatographia》1983,17(10):545-548
Summary The retention of benzene derivatives with nonpolar and polar substituents on a porous methacrylate copolymer containing epoxy groups using both nonpolar and polar eluents was investigated. When n-hexane is used as the eluent, the retention of n-alkylbenzenes and polymethylbenzenes is weaker than that of benzene. In the case of benzene derivatives containing polar functional groups their capacity ratios (k) on this porous polymer increases approximately linearly with the increase of the adsorbate molecules dipole moment. The retention characteristics of the methacrylate copolymer were compared with that of a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and silica gels with a hydroxylated surface and with a surface modified by chemically bonded alkylsilyl groups. 相似文献
100.
有机相中α-氰基-3-苯氧基苄醇乙酯的酶促醇解反应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了有机相中脂肪酶催化α-氰基-3-苯氧基苄醇乙酯的醇解化反应。制备α -氰基-3-苯氧基苄醇。考察了酶、溶剂、醇、醇用量、溶剂水含量以及底物浓度等 因素对反应的影响,结果表明Novozym435脂肪酶催化活性最高,经实验确定的最佳 条件为:脱水甲苯为溶剂,正辛醇为酰基受体,正辛醇、酯的摩尔比为1.5:1,酶 量为8 mg/mL时的最佳底物浓度为108.13 mmol/L,在上述条件下反应30 h酯的转化 率 > 96%。 相似文献