Cu-Al-Be形状记忆合金湿磨粒磨损性能研究

采用销-盘式二体磨损试验研究了CuAlBe形状记忆合金的湿磨粒磨损行为．结果表明，CuAlBe形状记忆合金的磨损性能不完全取决于材料硬度，具有热弹性马氏体组织的A合金的抗磨性优于高硬度B合金．在湿磨粒磨损条件下，A合金具有β′1 β双相组织，在磨粒的交变应力作用下，由于β相应力诱发马氏体相变、β′1相马氏体变体择优取向并产生形状记忆效应，使应变弹性回复，并钝化裂纹尖端，使得A合金具有优良的抗磨粒磨损性能．     

金属蒸气真空弧离子源CO离子注入对不锈钢摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用金属蒸气真空弧离子源对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢进行Co离子注入,考察了注入处理试样的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:Co注入处理样品的表面硬度比未注入样品的高1.0～1.5倍,且硬度随离子束流密度的增大而增大;Co注入处理试样的摩擦系数显著降低至约0.20,磨损体积损失降低25%～45%;当束流密度为22μA/cm2、注入剂量为5×1017/cm2时,注入处理样品的摩擦系数为0.19,耐磨寿命最长;在所选定的试验参数范围以内,当临界束流密度处于22μA/cm2时,保留剂量最大,改性表面硬度最高,耐磨性能最佳.     

Phase and Interfacial Tension Behavior of Certain Model Gas Condensates: Measurements and Modeling

This contribution reports on the phase and interfacial tension behavior of some model high-temperature–high-pressure gas condensates. On the one hand these types of gas condensate are becoming a subject of major interest for the oil industry, while on the other their phase and interfacial tension behavior have not been very well studied. For two different model gas condensates, both composed of the three n-alkanes, methane, butane, and decane, experimental results on their fluid phase behavior have been obtained in the temperature region 270 < T (K) < 490 and up to pressures as high as 24 MPa. Also, critical points of the two mixtures have been determined experimentally. Both mixtures show an extended retrograde region. Using the Peng–Robinson equation of state, the phase behavior of the two mixtures was modeled. In addition, the interfacial tension behavior of the model gas condensates was modeled. For that purpose, the Cahn–Hilliard theory was applied in combination with the Peng–Robinson equation of state. Satisfactory results were obtained.     

Seismic behavior of insulated hollow-brick cavity walls using quasi-static experimentation

This paper focuses on an experimental investigation of different types of insulated hollow-brick cavity walls, i.e., walls with a door opening, with a window opening and without any opening, characterized with different tie bar arrangements, subjected to slowly applied cyclic loads. The cracking and damage patterns, strength and stiffness degradation and deterioration, energy dissipation capacity and hysteretic feature are analyzed. Based on the experimental results, the formulae of calculation for the cracking load and the ultimate load of cavity wall are mathematically established. The evaluation equation of strength and stiffness degradation of walls is presented and its parameters are numerically given from regression results. The original characteristic curves of recovery force-displacement of actual specimens under cyclic loads are discussed, and then a standard recovery force-displacement model is suggested with convenient forms for implementation.     

Coupled thermo-mechanical modelling of bulk-metallic glasses: Theory, finite-element simulations and experimental verification

A three-dimensional, finite-deformation-based constitutive model to describe the behavior of metallic glasses in the supercooled liquid region has been developed. By formulating the theory using the principles of thermodynamics and the concept of micro-force balance [Gurtin, M., 2000. On the plasticity of single crystals: free energy, microforces, plastic-strain gradients. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48, 989-1036], a kinetic equation for the free volume concentration is derived by augmenting the Helmholtz free energy used for a conventional metallic alloy with a flow-defect free energy which depends on the free volume concentration and its spatial gradient. The developed constitutive model has also been implemented in the commercially available finite-element program ABAQUS/Explicit (2005) by writing a user-material subroutine. The constitutive parameters/functions in the model were calibrated by fitting the constitutive model to the experimental simple compression stress-strain curves conducted under a variety of strain-rates at a temperature in the supercooled liquid region [Lu, J., Ravichandran, G., Johnson, W., 2003. Deformation behavior of the Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass over a wide range of strain-rates and temperatures. Acta Mater. 51, 3429-3443].With the model calibrated, the constitutive model was able to reproduce the simple compression stress-strain curves for jump-in-strain-rate experiments to good accuracy. Furthermore stress-strain responses for simple compression experiments conducted at different ambient temperatures within the supercooled liquid region were also accurately reproduced by the constitutive model. Finally, shear localization studies also show that the constitutive model can reasonably well predict the orientation of shear bands for compression experiments conducted at temperatures within the supercooled liquid region [Wang, G., Shen, J., Sun, J., Lu, Z., Stachurski, Z., Zhou, B., 2005. Compressive fracture characteristics of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass at high test temperatures. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 398, 82-87].     

口腔环境因素对树脂牙摩擦学特性的影响

采用往复滑动摩擦磨损试验台，通过体外模拟口腔环境，考察了树脂牙同TA2钛球对摩时的摩擦磨损性能，探讨了几种口腔环境因素对树脂牙摩擦学性能的影响．结果表明：树脂牙在人工唾液介质中同钛球对摩时表现出较好的摩擦磨损性能；随着法向咬合力增加，树脂牙的主要磨损机制由轻微磨粒磨损转变为严重粘着磨损，耐磨性能变差；人工唾液和碳酸饮料长期浸泡处理对树脂牙摩擦磨损性能影响很小；而在温度0～60℃范围内经热循环老化预处理后树脂牙的耐磨性显著降低．     

Constitutive framework optimized for myocardium and other high-strain, laminar materials with one fiber family

Central to this analysis is the identification of six rotation invariant scalars α_1-6 that succinctly define the strain in materials that have one family of parallel fibers arranged in laminae. These scalars were chosen so as to minimize covariance amongst the response terms in the hyperelastic limit, and they are termed strain attributes because it is necessary to distinguish them from strain invariants. The Cauchy stress t is expressed as the sum of six response terms, almost all of which are mutually orthogonal for finite strain (i.e. 14 of the 15 inner products vanish). For small deformations, the response terms are entirely orthogonal (i.e. all 15 inner products vanish). A response term is the product of a response function with its associated kinematic tensor. Each response function is a scalar partial derivative of the strain energy W with respect to a strain attribute. Applications for this theory presently include myocardium (heart muscle) which is often modeled as having muscle fibers arranged in sheets. Utility for experimental identification of strain energy functions is demonstrated by showing that common tests on incompressible materials can directly determine terms in W. Since the described set of strain attributes reduces the covariance amongst response terms, this approach may enhance the speed and precision of inverse finite element methods.     

Electric fields in the rheology of disperse systems

In the present survey, the influence of electric fields on the structure and rheological properties of disperse systems as well as the effect of deformations on their electrical characteristics are discussed. The properties of these systems are considered in terms of the dielectric permittivity and electrification potential. The considerable thickness of the double electric layer around the disperse phase particles, which is characteristic of disperse systems with nonpolar hydrocarbon dispersion media, provides the possibility for strong electric fields to produce an electric nonuniformity on the surface of the disperse phase particles. The formation of hydrate layers on the particles creates the possibility of polarization of the disperse phase. In plastic disperse systems such as greases, a strong orientation effect is observed, which contributes to the creation of frozen flow patterns when the flow is suddenly stopped. The survey is concluded with a consideration of the process of formation of chain structures in the direction of the lines of force of the electric field whose orientation is normal to the direction of flow, which can lead to complete stoppage of the flow.     

Nonparabolic Asymptotic Limits of Solutions of the Heat Equation on $${\mathbb{R}}^N$$

In this paper, we construct solutions u(t,x) of the heat equation on such that has nontrivial limit points in as t → ∞ for certain values of μ > 0 and β > 1/2. We also show the existence of solutions of this type for nonlinear heat equations.      

可聚合添加剂和极压添加剂对矿物油极压抗磨和抗疲劳性能的影响

选用重极压齿轮油和二聚酸 /司本 - 80添加剂制备了多种不同配比的油样 ,进行了疲劳和胶合试验 ,同时分析了磨损表面形貌和抗磨机理 .结果表明 :聚合添加剂的耐疲劳性能较好 ,其与极压添加剂经合理复配可以更好地提高油样的耐疲劳及抗胶合综合性能 .这是两类添加剂协同作用的结果