Silanol as a removable directing group for the Pd(II)-catalyzed direct olefination of arenes

Need some direction? Silanol was developed as a directing group for the Pd(II)-catalyzed oxidative Heck-type reaction of arenes. A one-pot C-H activation/desilylation process of benzyldiisopropylsilanol was also demonstrated, providing a powerful approach for the synthesis of ortho-alkenyl-substituted alkylarenes. Considering the easily attachable and readily removable properties of the silanol group, this reaction will find broad synthetic applications.     

Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Directed syn‐1,2‐Carboboration and ‐Silylation: Alkene Scope,Applications in Dearomatization,and Stereocontrol by a Chiral Auxiliary

We report the development of palladium(0)‐catalyzed syn‐selective 1,2‐carboboration and ‐silylation reactions of alkenes containing cleavable directing groups. With B₂pin₂ or PhMe₂Si‐Bpin as nucleophiles and aryl/alkenyl triflates as electrophiles, a broad range of mono‐, di‐, tri‐ and tetrasubstituted alkenes are compatible in these transformations. We further describe a directed dearomative 1,2‐carboboration of electron‐rich heteroarenes by employing this approach. Through use of a removable chiral directing group, we demonstrate the viability of achieving stereoinduction in Heck‐type alkene 1,2‐difunctionalization. This work introduces new avenues to access highly functionalized boronates and silanes with precise regio‐ and stereocontrol.     

Cascade reaction for the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via transient directing group strategy

A Pd(II)-catalyzed cascade synthesis of diverse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via transient directing group strategy has been developed, involving the consecutive arylation, cyclization and aromatization. The efficiency and practicality were demonstrated by wide substrate range, concise synthetic pathway and mild reaction conditions. The subsequent transformations of the benz[a]anthracene core accessed natural bioactive PAH molecules.     

新型抗HIV-1重组导向制剂SL41在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性实验

以酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9k为基础, 通过一段柔性连接肽Linker构建含有人源化抗HIV-1 gp41单链抗体(ScFv41)和免疫诱导因子葡萄球菌肠毒素A(staphylococcal enterotoxin A, SEA)的融合表达质粒pPIC9k-SL41, 线性化后, 采用电转化法整合入巴斯德菌毕赤酵母GS115中, 经His+MutS表型鉴定、PCR分析以及G418筛选获得高拷贝重组转化子. 摇瓶培养、甲醇诱导表达、SDS-PAGE和Western Blot分析结果表明, 目的蛋白得到良好表达, 表达量最高可达到47.9 mg/L. 目的蛋白经初步纯化后, 用于制备的HIV-1感染靶细胞复制模型进行抗体亲和力测定、细胞结合活性测定和细胞杀伤活性研究, 结果显示, 目的蛋白能够很好地与靶细胞模型中的HIV-1外膜蛋白gp160发生结合反应, 并可介导特异的CTL反应, 对靶细胞具有明显的杀伤活性, 表明获得了具有生物活性的抗HIV-1重组导向制剂.     

A Computational Analysis of the Intrinsic Plasticity of Five-Coordinate Cu(II) Complexes and the Factors Leading to the Breakdown of the Orbital Directing Effect in Paddlewheel Secondary Building Units

Quantum chemical calculations on model copper paddlewheel (CPW) complexes of general formula [Cu₂(μ₂-O₂CR)₄L₂] establish two local coordination geometries at the metal centers depending on the balance between equatorial and axial ligand fields. When the equatorial field is stronger than the axial field (large ligand field asymmetry), dominates the stereochemical activity of the d⁹ shell resulting in a relatively rigid, “orbitally directed” planar or square pyramidal structure. However, if the axial field is significantly increased, or the equatorial field moderately weakened, a small ligand field asymmetry results and both and are involved in the stereochemical activity. This results in a “plastic,” distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry where the former axial ligand moves into one of the original four equatorial positions. Linkers already used to synthesize zinc-dabco MOFs (dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) are shown to generate plastic CPW secondary building unit analogs with potential implications for conferring breathing behavior for MOFs which would currently be assumed to be rigid. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Catalytic C(sp3)−H Arylation of Free Primary Amines with an exo Directing Group Generated In Situ

Herein, we report the palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation of unactivated aliphatic C?H bonds in free primary amines. This method takes advantage of an exo‐imine‐type directing group (DG) that can be generated and removed in situ. A range of unprotected aliphatic amines are suitable substrates, undergoing site‐selective arylation at the γ‐position. Methyl as well as cyclic and acyclic methylene groups can be activated. Furthermore, when aniline‐derived substrates were used, preliminary success with δ‐C?H arylation was achieved. The feasibility of using the DG component in a catalytic fashion was also demonstrated.     

Overcoming the Limitations of C−H Activation with Strongly Coordinating N‐Heterocycles by Cobalt Catalysis

Strongly coordinating nitrogen heterocycles, including pyrimidines, oxazolines, pyrazoles, and pyridines, were fully tolerated in cobalt‐catalyzed C?H amidations by imidate assistance. Structurally complex quinazolines are thus accessible in a step‐economic manner. Our findings also establish the relative powers of directing groups in cobalt(III)‐catalyzed C?H functionalization for the first time.     

Synthesis and characterization of chiral benzylic ether-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas

The first synthesis of a chiral periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) carrying benzylic ether bridging groups is reported. By hydrolysis and condensation of the new designed chiral organosilica precursor 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl)-2-(1-methoxyethyl)benzene (BTEMEB) in the presence of the non-ionic oligomeric surfactant Brij 76 as supramolecular structure-directing agent under acidic conditions, an ordered mesoporous chiral benzylic ether-bridged hybrid material with a high specific surface area was obtained. The chiral PMO precursor was synthesized in a four-step reaction from 1,4-dibromobenzene as the starting compound. The evidence for the presence of the chiral units in the organosilica precursor as well as inside the PMO material is provided by optical activity measurements.     

Manganese‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Annulations for Redox‐Neutral Late‐Stage Diversification

An inexpensive, nontoxic manganese catalyst enabled unprecedented redox‐neutral carbonylative annulations under ambient pressure. The manganese catalyst outperformed all other typically used base and precious‐metal catalysts. The outstanding versatility of the manganese catalysis manifold was reflected by ample substrate scope, setting the stage for effective late‐stage manipulations under racemization‐free conditions of a wealth of marketed drugs and natural products, including alkaloids, amino acids, steroids, and carbohydrates.