ASE-HPLC法测定黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元的含量

采用ASE200快速溶剂萃取机提取技术和高效液相色谱法,测定黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元的含量。确定了ASE200提取条件以及HPLC测定条件,以甲醇作为流动相,流速1mL/min,UV检测器,测定波长210nm,采用YWGC18柱(150mm×4.6mmi.d.,10μm)。测定皂甙元的线性范围为0.01～2.93g/L,r=0.9996,样品检出限为0.2mg/L,加标回收率为97.1%～99.8%,RSD=1.1%(n=7)。     

Comparing chemical fingerprints of herbal medicines using modified window target-testing factor analysis

A chromatographic fingerprint of a herbal medicine is essentially its chromatographic spectrum: a characteristic representation of its chemical components, some of which are pharmacologically active. Since a wide variety of factors, such as the geographical location, the harvest season, and the part used can influence the chemical constituents (and therefore the pharmacological activity) of any particular herbal medicine and its products, these fingerprints provide a way to compare and contrast the compositions of different variants of the same herbal medicine. In particular, it is possible to ascertain whether particular components present in one herbal fingerprint are also present in another fingerprint. In this work we use a novel method—modified window target-testing factor analysis (MWTTFA), based on the use of target factor analysis (TFA), fixed-size moving window evolving factor analysis (FSMWEFA) and a Gaussian shape correction to the chromatographic profiles—to achieve this end. To demostrate the strategy, the fingerprints of samples from garlics produced in different geographical locations were compared, as well as the fingerprints of samples taken from above-ground and below-ground parts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. The results from these comparisons clearly show that four chemical components present in Hunan common edible garlic are absent in Xingping base garlic, while seven components are present in Xingping base garlic but absent in Hunan common edible garlic. Also, eleven components are present in the sample from the above-ground part of Houttuynia cordata Thunb but not in the sample from the below-ground part, while seven components are present in the sample from the below-ground part of Houttuynia cordata Thunb that are not present in the sample from the above-ground part. These interesting conclusions should be very useful for future pharmacological and clinical research into these herbal medicines, and the novel MWTTFA technique can also be used for quality control purposes.     

金银花中6种金属元素的形态分析

对金银花中Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Ca和Mg6种金属元素的化学形态进行了分析。用传统的煎煮法把元素提取以后,分别采用0.45μm微孔滤膜、LSA-10大孔吸附树脂柱、正辛醇/水分配体系,以区分元素的可溶态和悬浮态、有机态和无机态、醇溶态和水溶态,最后用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)对湿法消解以后的各种元素进行测定。结果表明,6种元素的提取率在14.97%～48.54%,悬浮态的颗粒吸附率在4.02%～19.84%,加标回收率在96.58%～103.9%,RSD(n=6)≤2.4%。     

红外光谱结合主成分分析鉴别道地山药

用红外指纹图谱和主成分分析法，对来自8省的74个山药样本的道地与非道地性进行了聚类分析，以主成分2和3作二维线性投影图，均具有较好的聚类和鉴别作用。利用已建模型预测了11个样本的道地性，正确率达90.9%。结果表明：所建模型合理，具有明显的分类和鉴别作用，具有一定的可行性和可靠性，为山药道地性鉴别提供了一种新的方法。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化金银花中黄酮类物质的研究

比较了AB-8、S-8、NKA-9和D-101 4种大孔吸附树脂对金银花提取液中黄酮类物质的吸附及解吸附性能.在静态吸附试验基础上,筛选出效果较好的D-101树脂进行动态试验研究,结果表明,D-101树脂在30℃下对金银花黄酮类物质的静态吸附-动态解吸较优的工艺参数为:上样液pH值2.46,解吸液为95%乙醇,解吸液的流速为3mL/min,pH值11,4.5BV解吸液即可完全洗脱被树脂吸附的黄酮类物质,其解吸率高达98.00%.在试验研究范围内,树脂吸附金银花黄酮是自发性放热过程,并且符合Langmuir方程,此外树脂对黄酮的吸附动力学可用Pseudo-second-order模型较好地拟合,其表观吸附速率常数为Kso℃=3.43×10-2g/(mg·min).     

NMR研究新呋喃二萜类化合物的结构

从中药黄独Dioscorea bulbifera L.中通过柱层析色谱分离得到3个化合物，其中1 个为新骨架的呋喃二萜类化合物命名为neodiosbulbin, 采用核磁共振（¹H, ¹³C, DEPT, ¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY and TOCSY ）的波谱方法确定了它 的结构和相对构型，其余的2个化合物分别为Diosbulbin B, 5-ureidohydautotion.     

怀山药成分的热解气相色谱-质谱分析

采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱仪,考察了怀山药在300、400、450及500℃下的热解反应．对怀山药的热解产物进行了分析,首次发现山药热解产物中含有咖啡因成分．确证咖啡因成分是山药中化学成分裂解所产生的．     

山药及其同属植物参薯中多糖含量的测定

采用硫酸 苯酚显色,分光光度法测定了山药及其同属植物参薯中的多糖含量.结果显示,不同产地山药多糖含量差别不大,而山药和参薯的多糖含量差别较大.     

三维全息原子场作用矢量用于猫爪草脂肪酸的构效关系研究

运用三维全息原子场作用矢量(3D-HoVAIF)对猫爪草中18种脂肪酸进行定量构效关系(QSAR)研究。采用逐步回归(stepwise multiple regression,SMR)进行变量筛选,偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,PLS)建立定量构效关系模型。所建模型复相关系数(R2cum)、留一法交互校验(CV)复相关系数(Qc2um)分别为0.977和0.946。结果表明,3D-HoVAIF能较好表征猫爪草中脂肪酸的结构信息,且所建模型具有较好稳定性和预测能力。     

忍冬花内蜜腺的解剖学研究

忍冬的花内蜜腺分布在花冠简内侧的基部。蜜腺由分泌表皮和产蜜组织组成,属于花被蜜腺。分泌表皮的大部分细胞特化为单细胞的蜜腺毛,其顶端的角质层厚薄不均匀,在蜜腺组织的发育过程中,蜜腺毛中的液泡变化较为明显,产蜜组织细胞中的淀粉粒也呈现出一定的消长规律。泌蜜期间,密腺毛的角质层与细胞壁分离,其间充满蜜汁,蜜汁通过薄的角质层处泌出。