在线振动监测与故障诊断的一种新途径

文中由应力强度因子导出含裂纹单元的刚度矩阵,从而提出了一种有限元法.将该法用于单边裂纹悬臂梁,计算了应变响应.用时域法识别了模态参数,并考虑了裂纹闭合的影响.分析了应变响应对故障的敏感度,计算结果表明,应变响应相对于位移响应而言,对故障更敏感.本文还提出了一种判别函数,该函数对于损伤检测,比现有几种判别函数更有效.最后,给出了一种在线振动监测与故障诊断新方法.     

Mechanism of interaction of pressure waves at a discrete partial blockage

This paper analyses the mechanism of interaction between an incident pressure wave and blockages of different geometrical characteristics (i.e., a butterfly and a ball valves, two short stretches of pipe with a reduced diameter, and a device simulating a longitudinal body blockage) by means of laboratory and numerical tests. Experiments have shown that the mechanism of interaction with pressure waves is influenced by their path through the device: sinuous because of the device body for partially closed in-line valves (type I mechanism), and straight for the small bore pipe devices (type II mechanism). Type I mechanism is characterized by a rise followed by an almost constant value whereas in type II one a drop occurs after the rise. To complete the investigation the effect of the pre-transient condition is discussed.     

基于小波变换的精密测试转台测角系统的故障诊断

针对精密测试转台测角系统的突变性故障、饱和故障和高频干扰故障,研究并提出了一种基于离散小波变换的故障特征提取方法。这种方法采用db4小波函数对测角系统激磁信号进行小波变换,将原始信号分解为近似信号和细节信号。根据分解得到第一层的细节信号,可以定位突变性故障和饱和故障。通过多层分解,确定近似信号和细节信号的最大幅值,根据信噪比大小可以确定是否存在高频干扰故障。实验结果显示,通过该方法可以实现对测角系统激磁电源故障准确的故障特征提取和定位,提高了精密测试转台的安全性和可靠性。     

小波分析技术在陀螺故障诊断中的应用研究

小波分析是一种全新的时一频两维分析技术，其对高频突变信号和低频缓变信号的分析有其独特的优点。本文分析了小波分析技术的原理，提出了将其引入机械设备故障诊断中的方法。通过对有故障陀螺振动信号的多尺度分析，研究故障信号小波变换轴心轨迹分量图，建立典型故障特征模型，从而对单故障及多故障问题进行分析与诊断。     

Noise Field in the Human Chest Due to Turbulent Flow in a Larger Blood Vessel

An acoustic model of a larger human blood vessel is developed. This model takes into account the main features of the acoustic generation and propagation of noise in the human chest from the source (turbulent pressure fluctuations in blood flow) to a receiver resting on the skin, and allows the consideration of a simple stenotic narrowing in the vessel. The low Mach number turbulent wall pressure models of Corcos, Chase, Ffowcs Williams, and Smol'yakov and Tkachenko are used to describe random sources in the vessel. The relationships obtained permit one to analyse the dependence of the resultant acoustic field in the thorax on the parameters of the blood flow and the vessel, and show the possibility of finding characteristic signs of the presence of a stenosis by comparison of noise fields from intact and diseased arteries. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

波长调制吸收光谱技术的燃气轮机燃烧室温度组分二维分布测量方法

可调半导体激光光谱技术(TDLAS)可实现温度、组分浓度等多参数同时测量,具有体积小、响应速度快、环境适应性高等优点,逐渐成为燃烧流场诊断的主要手段之一.TDLAS光谱测量常采用直接吸收技术和波长调制技术,其中强度归一化的波长调制技术,适合存在振动、湍流等致光束偏转效应和强辐射本底等恶劣应用环境条件的燃气轮机流场参数测...     

Symptomatology of adductor spasmodic dysphonia: A physiologic model

Vocal symptomatology of adductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is reviewed critically from historical, epidemiologic, and clinical perspectives. A model of symptomatology of this disorder based on a large patient population, and clinical and physiologic observations is advanced. The model incorporates crucial symptomatic and asymptomatic phonatory and nonphonatory physiologic parameters of laryngeal behavior in these patients. These parameters include vocal fold contact area, vocal fold collision force, glottic compression, and subglottic air pressure. Inappropriate efferent discharges from brain-stem basal ganglia are hypothesized as causing overadduction of the vocal folds in phonation, generating the basic and fundamental vocal symptom of adductor SD—strained, strangled, overpressured voice quality. Cortical loops are implicated as accountable for compensatory vocal behavior, not as the primary site of the disorder. Symptom occurrence, variability, magnitude, effects, and failure of treatment approaches, as well as recurrence of symptoms after ablative or invasive procedures, are explained by this model. The model also predicts that symptomatology of adductor spasmodic dysphonia is unique to this disorder and that symptoms are phonotopically organized. The minimal diagnostic battery based on the model is presented, and it is shown how this battery aids in the differential diagnosis of adductor SD and other phonatory disorders that closely mimic the vocal symptoms of adductor spasmodic dysphonia, including tremor.     

双狭缝相机对线状等离子体均匀性的监测

首次使用双狭缝相机对“神光”装置南路倍频线聚焦激光打靶所形成的线状等离子体均匀性进行了监测。由于实验条件的限制，相机的测量位置不太理想。为此，我们进行了修正，本文即是在修正基础上给出实验结果。修正后的结果表明，“神光”装置南路倍频线聚焦激光打靶部分发次所形成的线状等离子体均匀性不够理想。     

机载惯导两套配置时的故障诊断研究

分析了飞机惯导采用两套配置时对不同故障的诊断方法,主要分为两类:一类是借助两个平台四个加速度计的输出,诊断陀螺慢漂移过大的问题,文中给出了两平台相对转角及其补偿的实现方法;另一类是借助大气数据系统和解析余度的方法,通过建立故障诊断模型,检测两个互不相关惯导系统的故障,文中给出了方案,指出了难点。     

Solid-state gas sensors for breath analysis: A review

The analysis of volatile compounds is an efficient method to appraise information about the chemical composition of liquids and solids. This principle is applied to several practical applications, such as food analysis where many important features (e.g. freshness) can be directly inferred from the analysis of volatile compounds.