Facile and Convenient Synthesis of Functionalized Aryl-Containing Isoindigo Derivatives via Substituted Indolin-2-one Carbene Dimerization

The reaction of substituted benzyl-, aroylmethyl-, or 1-phenetylisatins with hexaethyltriaminophosphine has been shown to lead to the formation of a library of 3,3′-biindolinylidene-2,2′-diones with functionalized benzyl-, aroylmethyl-, and 1-phenetyl fragments at the nitrogen atom.     

Synthesis of (2S,4S)-4-Hydroxyproline from D-Glucose

Diacetone-D-glucose 1 gives 3- O -methylxanthate 2 on reaction with NaH/Me I. Reductive deoxygenation of compound 2 by Bu₃SnH gives the corresponding 3-deoxy glucose derivative 3 and on acid-catalyzed regioselective deprotection of C-5,6-acetonide gives the diol 4. The diol on oxidative cleavage with NaIO₄ gives the aldehyde 5, which on further condensation with benzylamine followed by reduction with NaBH₄ gives the amine 7. Z-Protection of the amine followed by methanolysis gives methyl furanoside 9. Reaction of 9 with methanesulfonyl chloride/Et₃N gives the corresponding C-3-O-mesylate derivative 10. Catalytic hydrogenation of compound 10 (Pd/C/H₂/MeOH 3 kg) gives bicyclic oxaazo compound 11, due to deprotection of the N-benzyl- and Z-protecting groups and intramolecular nucleophilic displacement of the C-2- O-mesylate by the C-5 amine in a one-pot reaction. Z-Protection of the amine 11 followed by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis gives acetal 13. Reduction of acetal by use of NaBH₄ gives Z-prolinol 14. Selective oxidation of diol 14 by (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)-oxyl (TEMPO)/[(bis)(acetoxy)iodo]benzene (BAIB) and NaClO₂/NaH₂PO₄, followed by Z-deprotection, gives the title compound I in 3.5% overall yield from D-glucose.     

氧清除剂用于增强吸热型碳氢燃料热氧化安定性

热氧化安定性是吸热型碳氢燃料贮存和使用过程中评价燃料品质的重要性质之一,反映了喷气燃料在260℃以下组分受溶解氧影响的程度和燃料氧化反应进行的深度。为评价氧清除剂,选用一种实验室自制的吸热型燃料,运用加速氧化法,配合滴定、红外光谱、粒度分布和JFTOT等测试方法对燃料的基础物性和热氧化安定性进行评估,比较了三苯基膦(TPP)、二环己基苯基膦(DCP)和1,2,5-三甲基吡咯(TMP)三种氧清除剂对吸热型碳氢燃料自氧化过程的影响,并确定了测试范围内的最佳添加量。结果显示,三种氧清除剂的添加对燃料的组成和基础物性无明显影响;燃料中的溶解氧浓度随添加量增加不断下降,最大可降低溶氧浓度31.95 mg/m~3;加速氧化后,样品的过氧化值和酸值均不同程度下降;胶团粒径分布趋向于更小粒径方向; JFTOT测试结果均满足国标规定。总体上,氧清除剂的添加均能有效提升燃料的热氧化安定性,三者的最优添加量均为质量分数1.5×10~(-5),作用效果优劣顺序为TMPTPP≈DCP。     

Mild Deoxygenation of Aromatic Ketones and Aldehydes over Pd/C Using Polymethylhydrosiloxane as the Reducing Agent

Herein, a practical and mild method for the deoxygenation of a wide range of benzylic aldehydes and ketones is described, which utilizes heterogeneous Pd/C as the catalyst together with the green hydride source, polymethylhydrosiloxane. The developed catalytic protocol is scalable and robust, as exemplified by the deoxygenation of ethyl vanillin, which was performed on a 30 mmol scale in an open‐to‐air setup using only 0.085 mol % Pd/C catalyst to furnish the corresponding deoxygenated product in 93 % yield within 3 hours at room temperature. Furthermore, the Pd/C catalyst was shown to be recyclable up to 6 times without any observable decrease in efficiency and it exhibited low metal leaching under the reaction conditions.     

Facile Deoxygenation of Amine‐N‐oxides With CoCl2 · 6H2O–Indium System

CoCl₂ · 6H₂O/In system was found to be a new reagent for deoxygenation of various amine‐N‐oxides to the corresponding amines in good to excellent yields under sonication.     

对二嗪N,N’-二氧化物光还原的电子自旋共振研究

报道了利用原位电子自旋共振(ESR)技术研究对二嗪N,N′-二氧化物光解的结果。研究结果表明,化合物5,6,7和8通过光还原过程从溶剂分子夺取氢原子分别生成稳定的自由基,记录出它们分辨良好的ESR谱。文中还讨论了对二嗪N,N′-二氧化物的光化学反应的自由基机理。     

Synthesis and study of some properties of 1-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro[1,4]diazepino[6,5-b]indole 4-oxides

A number of 1-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro[1,4]diazepino[6,5-b]indole 4-oxides were synthesized based on 3-[N-aryl-N-(chloroacetyl)amino]-2-formylindoles. The nature of the substituent in the 1-aryl fragment has a pronounced influence on the course of reactions throughout the whole sequence of transformations during the synthesis of diazepinoindoles. The reduction of 4-oxides by formamidinosulfinic acid, hydrogen in the presence of Pd/C, and sodium bisulfite was studied. The structures of the reaction products were confirmed using IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.     

胶束增稳室温燐光法中化学除氧技术的研究

简便、快速的Na_2SO_3化学除氧技术改善了胶束增稳室温燐光法(MS-RTP)通氮除氧过程费时、繁冗的操作。本文对化学除氧MS-RTP的各种影响条件做了较详细的研究。实验表明,除了SDS、TINO_3、Na_2SO_3用量及温度等因素外,pH对RTP强度和除氧时间也有显著的影响。本文对前人工作作了补充和完善,并对化学除氧机理提出了不同的认识。文中对国产SDS进行了提纯。在荧光光度计上建立了化学除氧MS-RTP法。     

The effect of sodium sulfite and cobalt chloride on the oxygen transfer coefficient

An experiment was conducted in an aeration system made from 2000 mL Erlenmeyer Flask to investigate the effect of sodium sulfite with cobalt chloride and the sparging nitrogen gas on the measurement of the oxygen transfer coefficient. Twice the theoretical quantity of sodium sulfite that is required to react with dissolved oxygen, or nitrogen sparging at a rate equivalent to that of air used during the aeration process, was used to deoxygenate the water. The results obtained from the study were consistent and repeatable and showed no significant differences in the values of the oxygen transfer coefficient obtained by the two methods.     

过渡金属氢化物和聚集双键化合物反应的研究——Ⅳ.Cp_2Zr(H)Cl、(Cp_2ZrH_2)_x与RNCO(R=C_6H_5,α-C_(10)H_7)的反应

本文报道了二茂锆氢化物与异氰酸酯在不同条件下的反应。Cp_2Zr(H)Cl与RNCO(R=C_6H_5,α-C_(10)H_7)在苯中,5～10℃下反应,生成锆的氧桥络合物(Cp_2ZrCl)_2O(1)和Schiff碱型化合物RN=CH_2(2:R=C_6H_5;3:R=α-C_(10)H_7)。当反应在25～30℃下进行时,还有少量有机胺RNH(CH_3)及很少量的RNHCONHR生成。而(Cp_2ZrH_2)_(?)与RNCO反应时,同时发生加成和脱氧两种反应,生成双齿配位络合物Cp_2Zr(H)[RN=C(H)=O](4:R=C_6H_5;5:R=α-C_(10)H_7)和化合物(Cp_2ZrO)_3(6)、RNH.(CH_3)(7:R=C_6H_5;8:R=α-C_(10)H_7)及少量未知化合物。产物经元素分析、IR、~1H及~(13)C NMR和GC-Ms谱分析鉴定。