基于热致非线性效应的暗空间光孤子实验研究

实验研究了热致非线性效应作用下，Ｃ＾６０甲苯溶液中强连续激光激发暗空间光孤子的过程，并给出了数值模拟结果。     

双环、三纤互耦全光纤熔锥滤波器用正常色散的双折射光纤所作的暗孤子开关的开关条件

通过将熔锥结构中强、弱耦合段的总幅度耦合系数与滤波网络方程中的幅度耦合系数等效的方法,定量分析了双环、三纤互耦滤波器的频谱特性。实验滤波器通带特性的测试结果与理论分析基本吻合。所测滤波器的中心波长、抑制度、半功率带宽及插入损耗分别为1.27 μm,>13 dB、72 μm及3.9 dB。在正常色散的双折射光纤中传输的暗孤子对之间由于耦合周期性交换能量,一个暗孤子可把能量完全转给另一暗孤子,因此双折射光纤可作光开关。本文讨论了椭圆角为35°的双折射光纤的开关条件,发现脉冲只有以特定的极化角入射才有开关现象产生,而且建立了光纤长度与孤子对相差、初始能量差的解释关系。     

Photoinduced and thermally induced cationic polymerizations using S,S‐dialkyl‐S‐(3,5‐dimethylhydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salts

A study of the photoinitiated and thermally initiated cationic polymerizations of several monomer systems with S,S‐dialkyl‐S‐(3,5‐dimethylhydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salt (HPS) photoinitiators bearing different lengths of alkyl chains on the positively charged sulfur atom has been conducted. HPS photoinitiators are capable of photoinitiating the cationic polymerization of a wide variety of epoxy and vinyl ether monomers directly on irradiation with short‐wavelength UV light. Aryl ketone photosensitizers are effective in extending the spectral response of these photoinitiators into the long‐wavelength UV region. Kinetic studies with real‐time infrared spectroscopy show that HPS photoinitiators exhibit good efficiency in the polymerization of epoxide and vinyl ether monomers. Comparative studies also demonstrate that S,S‐dimethyl‐S‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐2‐hydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salts are more active photoinitiators than their isomeric S,S‐dimethyl‐S‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salt counterparts. Both types of HPS photoinitiators display reversible photolysis as a result of facile termination reactions that take place between the growing chains ends with the photogenerated sulfur ylides. Preliminary studies have shown that HPS photoinitiators can also be employed as thermal initiators for the cationic ring‐opening polymerization of epoxides at moderate temperatures. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2570–2587, 2003     

内脉冲拉曼散射效应对暗孤子传输系统的影响及其抑制

利用守恒量扰动法，研究了内脉冲拉曼散射效应对暗孤子脉冲到达检测窗口时间抖到、传输系统误码率的影响。结果表明，内脉冲拉曼散身效应对暗孤子速度产生了影响，引起了暗孤子传输系统的平衡点漂移，并与放大器噪声联合作用增大了暗孤子脉冲到达时间的抖动，恶化了系统的误码率，限制了系统的传输距离。引入非线性增益可以有效３内脉冲拉曼散身效应对暗孤子传输系统的不良影响。     

Isoconversional kinetic analysis of stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric epoxy-amine cures

The curing reaction of stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 1,3-phenylene diamine (m-PDA) mixtures was studied by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and rheological measurements. In order to highlight the side reactions such as etherification and homopolymerization, the neat DGEBA and DGEBA/DMBA (N,N-dimethylbenzylamine) mixture were examined. The classical model-fitting and the advanced isoconversional methods were used to determine the activation energy of the different reactions. The advanced isoconversional method leads to a good agreement between isothermal, nonisothermal and rheological results. The effective activation energies of primary amine epoxy reaction, etherification and homopolymerization were estimated to about 55-60, 104 and 170 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively.     

The cluster-galaxy cross-correlation and the average infall velocity around cluster in the modified CDM models

The cluster-galaxy cross-correlation and the average infall velocity around cluster for the tilted CDM models, the hot-cold mixed dark matter models (MDM) and theA CDM models are calculated. And it is found that the prediction of the cluster-galaxy cross-correlation of theA CDM models with Ω_A=0.9, Ω_C=0.1,h=1,b = 1 or 2 is much higher than that of observation for the radius larger than 10 h⁻¹ Mpc (H₀ = 100 h.kms⁻¹Mpc⁻¹), and the other models are compatible with the observation on the scale of (3–20) h⁻ Mpc. The results can be used to compare with new observations to restrict the nature of the dark matter and the biasing factor. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19733001).     

The effect of stoichiometry on chain segment and ion mobility in partially polymerized epoxy systems

The temperature dependence of steady-shear viscosity and ionic conductivity were measured for a series of unreacted mixtures and partially cured, ungelled samples of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) and an amine cross-linking agent, diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS). Six stoichiometric ratios of epoxide groups to amine hydrogens were examined. Free volume expressions were used to model the temperature dependence of the conductivity and viscosity for the unreacted DGEBA-DDS mixtures. In addition, these expressions were combined to successfully correlate changes in viscosity and conductivity during the DGEBA-DDS polymerization prior to gelation. It also was demonstrated that the change in weight average molecular weight during polymerization could be interpreted from the dielectric data. Through studying variations in the stoichiometry, it was possible to examine the effects of changes in chemical structure and ion concentration on the fitted parameters in the free volume models. The inherent ion transport factor (ζ₀) was found to be inversely proportional to the concentration of ions in the test samples. The fractional free volume for segmental motion (B) was found to increase with an increase in the glass transition temperature and to be a function of the rigidity of the polymer. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Dark Energy Model with Canonical Scalar Field and Non-Linear Born–Infeld Type Scalar Field

In this paper, we propose the non-linear Born–Infeld scalar field and canonical scalar field dark energy models with the potential , which admits late time de Sitter attractor solution. The attractor solution corresponds to an equation of state ω_φ → − 1 and a cosmic density parameter Ω_φ → 1, which are important features for a dark energy model that can meet the current observations. dark energy; canonical scalar field, non-linear Born–Infeld type scalar field, attractor solution. PACS number(s):98.80.-k; 98.80.Cq; 98.80.Es.     

A complete calculation for direct detection of Wino dark matter

In the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking scenario, neutral gaugino of SUL₍₂₎$\mathit{SU}{(2)}_L$ multiplet, Wino, can be the lightest SUSY particle and become a candidate for dark matter. We calculated scattering cross section of Wino dark matter with nucleon, which is responsible for direct detection of the dark matter, on the assumption that the SUSY particles and the heavier Higgs bosons have masses of the order of the gravitino mass in the SUSY standard model. In such a case, the Wino–nucleon coupling is generated by loop processes. We have included two-loop contribution to Wino–gluon interaction in the calculation, since it is one of the leading contributions to the Wino–nucleon coupling. It was found that the spin-independent scattering cross section with proton is ^{10−(46–48)} cm²${10}^{-(46\text{–}48)}{\text{cm}}^2$. While it is almost independent of the Wino mass, the result is quite sensitive to the Higgs boson mass due to the accidental cancellation.     

Entanglement in holographic dark energy models

We study a process of equilibration of holographic dark energy (HDE) with the cosmic horizon around the dark-energy dominated epoch. This process is characterized by a huge amount of information conveyed across the horizon, filling thereby a large gap in entropy between the system on the brink of experiencing a sudden collapse to a black hole and the black hole itself. At the same time, even in the absence of interaction between dark matter and dark energy, such a process marks a strong jump in the entanglement entropy, measuring the quantum-mechanical correlations between the horizon and its interior. Although the effective quantum field theory (QFT) with a peculiar relationship between the UV and IR cutoffs, a framework underlying all HDE models, may formally account for such a huge shift in the number of distinct quantum states, we show that the scope of such a framework becomes tremendously restricted, devoid virtually any application in other cosmological epochs or particle-physics phenomena. The problem of negative entropies for the non-phantom stuff is also discussed.