酚类在芳烃溶剂中的缔合溶液热力学

用凝固点降低法测量了对甲酚、间甲酚、邻甲酚、2,4-二甲酚、2,6-二甲酚以及对甲酚+间甲酚、对甲酚+邻甲酚、间甲酚+邻甲酚、2,4-二甲酚+2,6-二甲酚的1:1摩尔比混合物等为溶质, 溶剂为苯或对二甲苯的活度系数, 用Wiehe-Bagley型的连续缔合模型对数据进行了处理, 得到了各种酚的自缔合常效K_A. 在同一溶剂中, K_A依下列顺序减小: 对甲酚>间甲酚>邻甲酚; 2,4-二甲酚>2,6-二甲酚. 各混合酚的表观K_A 介于两种纯酚的K_A之间.     

Simulation techniques in analytical chemistry. Microcomputer-controlled simulation of the chromatographie process with an analogue computer

An analogue/digital hybrid interface is presented that allows the support of simulations on an analogue computer EAI 380 by a microcomputer PDP 11/34. On this simulation system the peak spreading process of a Chromatographie column was implemented as an example for a simulation of a dynamic process in analytical chemistry. To implement the Chromatographie mass balance equations on the analogue part of the simulation system, only one hardwired stage of a cascade of reactors is necessary. The output values of one analogue simulation step were stored by the microcomputer as intermediate results and were given back as input values during the next analogue simulation step. The simulation process can be seen on a screen and is easily modified by online variation of the simulation parameters.     

The dynamic critical exponent of the three-dimensional Ising model

We measure the dynamic exponent of the three-dimensional Ising model using a damage spreading Monte Carlo approach as described by MacIsaac and Jan. We simulate systems fromL=5 toL=60 at the critical temperature,T _c =4.5115. We report a dynamic exponent,z=2.35±0.05, a value much larger than the consensus value of 2.02, whereas if we assume logarithmic corrections, we find thatz=2.05±0.05.     

Strength distribution of novel local-world networks

It is discovered that there are two important characters, local-world character and weight-driven character, in many real-life complex networks. Motivated by this fact, a weight-driven local-world network model is proposed, which incorporates the weight dynamics and the fixed local-world property. By means of mathematical analysis and numerical simulation, the strength distribution of the network model has been obtained. The results are applied to epidemic spreading theory.     

基于拉曼散射的光纤分布式温度测量系统的空间分辨力

基于自发拉曼散射的光纤分布式温度测量系统是一种真正的分布传感系统且已商品化。本文从光学的角度出发较详细地分析了此类系统的空间分辨力理论极限及其影响因素。分析表明， 对于一个１ ｋｍ 的多模系统， 若接收机的最小可分辨光功率优于３．５ ｐＷ， 则其在０～４００℃的范围内且温度精度为±１℃时的空间分辨力极限为２ ｃｍ ； 当接收机的最小可分辨光功率小于０．５ ｐＷ， 单模系统的空间分辨力极限优于对应的多模系统。因此， 把基于自发拉曼散射机理的光纤分布式温度测量系统用于短距离高分辨力的系统理论上是可行的。     

驻区效应对激光大气传输的影响

 对聚焦、转动束的驻区效应作了理论分析，并用激光大气传输四维程序作了校算。理论分析与程序计算结果均表明：在许多情况下，驻区效应的影响并不严重， 原因是驻区长度上的激光束热畸变数不大，热畸变扩束半径小于衍射扩束半径。     

Multistability of clustered states in a globally inhibitory network

We study a network of m identical excitatory cells projecting excitatory synaptic connections onto a single inhibitory interneuron, which is reciprocally coupled to all excitatory cells through inhibitory synapses possessing short-term synaptic depression. We find that such a network with global inhibition possesses multiple stable activity patterns with distinct periods, characterized by the clustering of the excitatory cells into synchronized sub-populations. We prove the existence and stability of n-cluster solutions in a m-cell network. Using methods of geometric singular perturbation theory, we show that any n-cluster solution must satisfy a set of consistency conditions that can be geometrically derived. We then characterize the basin of attraction of each solution. Although frequency dependent depression is not necessary for multistability, we discuss how it plays a key role in determining network behavior. We find a functional relationship between the level of synaptic depression, the number of clusters and the interspike interval between neurons. This relationship is much less pronounced in the absence of depression. Implications for temporal coding and memory storage are discussed.     

Ultra-fast spreading on superhydrophilic fibrous mesh with nanochannels

In this paper, we fabricated a TiO₂ mesh with ultra-fast spreading superhydrophilic property without UV irradiation. Through electrospinning process followed by calcinations, we obtained meshes with special micropores and nanochannels composite hierarchical structures. Each fiber exhibits a bundle structure of aligned elementary filaments with nanochannels, which should be resulted from phase separation and stretch of electrostatic force during electrospinning process. The mesh shows ultra-fast spreading property within only tens of milliseconds (ms). It is concluded that the special topography offered a multi-scale 3D capillary effect that play crucial role in ultra-fast spreading superhydrophilic property of the mesh. This study provides interesting insights to design novel materials concerning liquid transport and dissipation, which may find its way in various applications.     

Epidemic spreading in communities with mobile agents

We propose a model of mobile agents to study the epidemic spreading in communities with different densities of agents, which aims to simulate the realistic situation of multiple cities. The model addresses the epidemic process from a community with threshold λ_c1 less than the infection rate λ to a community with threshold λ_c2 larger than λ through both direct and indirect contacts. By both theoretic analysis and numerical simulations we show that it is possible to sustain the epidemic spreading in the community with λ_c2 through contact with another community, provided that the latter is connected with an infected community. This result suggests that for effectively controlling the epidemic spread, we should also pay attention to the risk caused by the infection through indirect contact.     

无标度网络上的传播动力学

介绍了无标度网络上的传播动力学,在susceptible-infected-susceptible（SIS）模型的基础上考察了一般情况下无标度网络中疾病爆发的临界点问题,得出了关于临界点一般性的表达式.得到的结果在特殊情况下分别退化为已有的一些经典结论.同时分别讨论了这些情况的建模意义和可靠性. 关键词： 无标度网络 传播动力学 susceptible-infected-susceptible模型 临界点