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991.
Sisal chemically modified with lignins: Correlation between fibers and phenolic composites properties 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sisal fibers have been chemically modified by reaction with lignins, extracted from sugarcane bagasse and Pinus-type wood and then hydroxymethylated, to increase adhesion in resol-type phenolic thermoset matrices. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) results showed that acidic sites predominate for unmodified/modified sisal fibers and for phenolic thermoset, indicating that the phenolic matrix has properties that favor the interaction with sisal fibers. The IGC results also showed that the phenolic thermoset has a dispersive component closer to those of the modified fibers suggesting that thermoset interactions with the less polar modified fibers are favored. Surface SEM images of the modified fibers showed that the fiber bundle deaggregation increased after the treatment, making the interfibrillar structure less dense in comparison with that of unmodified fibers, which increased the contact area and encouraged microbial biodegradation in simulated soil. Water diffusion was observed to be faster for composites reinforced with modified fibers, since the phenolic resin penetrated better into modified fibers, thereby blocking water passage through their channels. Overall, composites' properties showed that modified fibers promote a significant reduction in the hydrophilic character, and consequently of the reinforced composite without a major effect on impact strength and with increased storage modulus. 相似文献
992.
Xingxing Chen Nan Li Wei Xia Martin Muhler Wolfgang Schuhmann Michael Bron 《Mikrochimica acta》2008,161(1-2):95-100
Vapor-grown carbon microfibers were synthesized pyrolytically on electrochemically pretreated polyacrylonitrile-based carbon
microfibers (PAN-CFs) without introducing any catalyst. Cyclohexane was used as the carbon source for the growth of fibers
in a thermal chemical vapor deposition process (CVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) were used for the characterization of the fibers. Microscale carbon fibers with about 1 to 2 μm in diameter were formed
at 1123 K, while carbon microfibers of about 0.3 μm in diameter were synthesized at 1048 K. A pretreatment at negative potential
or sequentially at both positive and negative potentials was found to be a prerequisite for the growth of carbon microfibers
in the CVD process. Without electrochemical pretreatment or when only a positive potential was applied, the growth of microscale
carbon fibers did not occur.
Correspondence: Michael Bron, Analytische Chemie – Elektroanalytik und Sensorik, Ruhr-Universit?t Bochum, Universit?tsstr.
150, 44780 Bochum, Germany 相似文献
993.
994.
Solutions of a rare-earth modifier (RES) and the epoxy chloropropane (ECP) grafting modification method are used for the surface treatment of F-12 aramid fibers. The effects of RES concentration on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of F-12 aramid fiber/epoxy composites are investigated in detail, and the fracture surfaces of ILSS specimens are analyzed by SEM. It is shown that the RES surface treatment is superior to the ECP grafting treatment in promoting the interfacial adhesion between aramid fibers and the epoxy matrix. However, the tensile strength of single fibers is almost unaffected by the RES treatment. The optimum ILSS is obtained at a 0.5 wt.% content of rare-earth elements.__________Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 265–272, March–April, 2005. 相似文献
995.
《Journal of separation science》2018,41(16):3267-3274
To improve the durability and extraction efficiency of an ionic liquid coating, 1‐dodecyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bromide was polymerized and grafted onto basalt fibers for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. To develop an extraction tube, basalt fibers grafted with the poly(ionic liquids) coating were filled into a polyether ether ketone tube with a 0.75 mm inner diameter. The extraction tube was connected to high‐performance liquid chromatography system equipped with a sampling pump to build an online enrichment and analysis system. Using four common phthalates as model analytes, the extraction tube was investigated by the online analysis system. Good enrichment performance was exhibited by high enrichment factors ranging from 851 to 1858. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method was established, and good linearity (0.03–12 and 0.15–12 μg/L) and low limits of detection (0.01–0.05 μg/L) were achieved. This analysis method was applied to real samples including water in a disposable plastic box and the bottled water, some targets were detected but not quantified, and the relative recoveries spiked at 2, 5 and 10 μg/L were in the range of 86.4–119.5%. 相似文献
996.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2018,50(6):634-639
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been identified as excellent nanoreinforcements for carbon fiber (CF)–reinforced polymers regarding a wide range of engineering applications. The outstanding properties of CNTs, such as their large surface area, high mechanical strength, and low manufacturing cost bring them to be distinguished nanoreinforcements for carbon fiber–reinforced polymers to form multifunctional and multiscale composites. Electrophoretic deposition of graphene oxide for CNTs onto the CF surface was conducted. The presence of graphene oxide–CNTs may effectively increase both the roughness and wettability of the CF surface, resulting in an improvement to the interfacial bonding strength between the CF and the polyimide (PI). 相似文献
997.
In this study, porous ceramic fibers were prepared by the sol–gel-assisted electro-spinning process using colloidal dispersion of complex fluids for the application of phtotocatalysts. First, polystyrene nanospheres were synthesized by dispersion polymerization as sacrificial templates for porous fibers. Then, the mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone and the ceramic precursor with the polymeric nanospheres was prepared as the spinning solution and self-organized by electro-spinning, followed by calcination of the electrospun composite fibers. The morphologies of the porous fibers could be controlled according to the size of the templates and the amount of the ceramic precursor. The nano-structure of the pores in the fibrous materials could also be adjusted as open or closed cavities with various potential applications. As a demonstrative application, the macroporous titania fibers could be utilized as photocatalysts for the removal of organic dyes dissolved in water. A better photocatalytic activity of the macroporous fibers with 700-nm pore diameter was observed compared to the result of nonporous titania fibers due to the increased porosity. Collectively, the macroporous ceramic fibers were found to be efficient functional materials to prepare the unique nano-structured materials other than simple nonporous fibers. 相似文献
998.
导电高聚物聚2,5-二甲基苯胺的化学合成与特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
报道了聚2,5-二甲基苯胺(PDMeAn)的化学合成,并用标准四探针方法测定其电导率,以FTIR、UV-Vis吸收光谱、元素分析和CV法对其性质进行了研究,PDMeAn的结构与聚苯胺和聚2,5-二甲氧基苯胺的结构类似,是由其单元通过氮原子(N)在对位上键合而成,本征态的PDMeAn能溶于多种有机溶剂,如CH2Cl2、CHCl3、DMSO、DMF等。 相似文献
999.
超临界CO2在高分子合成与制备中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
介绍超临界二氧化碳流体作为介质在高分子合成与制备中的研究进展。文中表明,可在超临界二氧化碳中实施氟代单体的自由基溶液聚合、甲基丙烯酸甲酯的分散聚合、丙烯酸的沉淀聚合、丙烯酰胺的反相乳液聚合以及异丁基乙烯基醚的阳离子聚合等多种聚合反应,可用超临界二氧化碳溶胀聚合法制备梯度共混物。此外,超临界二氧化碳还可用于聚合物分级和聚合物微孔、微纤与微球材料的制备等,显示出超临界二氧化碳是一种对环境无污染且价廉的 相似文献
1000.
聚苯胺自支撑导电膜的电化学合成及性能 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
采用电化学方法,以高氯酸为掺杂剂,合成了具有较好导电性能和机械性能的聚苯胺自支撑膜。探讨了电化学聚合反应条件对其性能的影响,并借助SEM、IR、ESR等手段表征了所得聚合物。 相似文献